Skill Biased Technological Change And Endogenous Benefits

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Skill Biased Technological Change and Endogenous Benefits

Author : Matthias Weiss
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Skill Biased Technological Change and Endogenous Benefits by : Matthias Weiss

Download or read book Skill Biased Technological Change and Endogenous Benefits written by Matthias Weiss and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we study the effect of skill-biased technological change on unemployment when benefits are linked to the evolution of average income and when this is not the case. In the former case, an increase in the productivity of skilled workers and hence their wage leads to an increase in average income and hence in benefits. The increased fallback income, in turn, makes unskilled workers ask for higher wages. As higher wages are not justified by respective productivity increases, unemployment rises. More generally, we show that skill-biased technological change leads to increasing unemployment of the unskilled when benefits are endogenous. The model provides a theoretical explanation for diverging developments in wage inequality and unemployment under different social benefits regimes: Analyzing the social legislation in 14 countries, we find that benefits are linked to the evolution of average income in Continental Europe but not in the U.S. and the UK. Given this institutional difference, our model predicts that skill-biased technological change leads to rising unemployment in Continental Europe and rising wage inequality in the U.S. and the UK.

Skill Biased Technological Change and Endogenous Benefits: The Dynamics of Unemployment and Wage Inequality

Author : Matthias Weiss
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Skill Biased Technological Change and Endogenous Benefits: The Dynamics of Unemployment and Wage Inequality by : Matthias Weiss

Download or read book Skill Biased Technological Change and Endogenous Benefits: The Dynamics of Unemployment and Wage Inequality written by Matthias Weiss and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In this paper, we study the effect of skill-biased technological change on unemployment and wage inequality in the presence of a link between social benefits and average income. In this case, an increase in the productivity of skilled workers and hence their wage leads to an increase in average income and hence in benefits. The increased fallback income, in turn, makes unskilled workers ask for higher wages. As higher wages are not justified by respective productivity increases, unemployment rises. More generally, we show that skill-biased technological change leads to increasing unemployment of the unskilled and to a moderately increasing wage inequality when benefits are endogenous. The model provides a theoretical explanation for diverging dynamics in wage inequality and unemployment under different social benefits regimes: Analyzing the social legislation in 14 countries, we find that benefits are linked to the evolution of average income in Continental Europe but not in the U.

Employment Effects of Skill Biased Technological Change When Benefits are Linked to Per-Capita Income

Author : Matthias Weiss
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Employment Effects of Skill Biased Technological Change When Benefits are Linked to Per-Capita Income by : Matthias Weiss

Download or read book Employment Effects of Skill Biased Technological Change When Benefits are Linked to Per-Capita Income written by Matthias Weiss and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the employment effects of technological change when benefits are endogenous. If the (i) level of welfare aid depends on the general income level in the economy and (ii) wages for unskilled workers cannot fall below the level of welfare aid, there is a link between the wage for unskilled labor and the productivity of skilled labor. An increase in the latter will lead to an increase in average income and hence the level of welfare aid. This in turn leads unions to ask for higher wages for unskilled workers. Technological change is shown to have employment effects (only) if it is skill-biased and if this link exists.

Skill-biased Technological Change in an Endogenous Growth Model

Author : Hugo Hollanders
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Skill-biased Technological Change in an Endogenous Growth Model by : Hugo Hollanders

Download or read book Skill-biased Technological Change in an Endogenous Growth Model written by Hugo Hollanders and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Skill-biased Technical Change

Author : Hugo Hollanders
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (246 download)

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Book Synopsis Skill-biased Technical Change by : Hugo Hollanders

Download or read book Skill-biased Technical Change written by Hugo Hollanders and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Skill-biased Technological Change, Endogenous Labor Supply, and the Skill Premium

Author : Michael Knoblach
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Skill-biased Technological Change, Endogenous Labor Supply, and the Skill Premium by : Michael Knoblach

Download or read book Skill-biased Technological Change, Endogenous Labor Supply, and the Skill Premium written by Michael Knoblach and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolution of the U.S. skill premium over the past century has been characterized by a U-shaped pattern. The previous literature has attributed this observation mainly to the existence of exogenous, unexpected technological shocks or changes in institutional factors. In contrast, this paper demonstrates that a U-shaped evolution of the skill premium can also be obtained using a simple two-sector growth model that comprises both variants of skill-biased technological change (SBTC): technological change (TC) that is favorable to high-skilled labor and capital-skill complementarity (CSC). Within this framework, we derive the conditions necessary to achieve a non-monotonic evolution of relative wages and analyze the dynamics of such a case. We show that in the short run for various parameter constellations an educational, a relative substitutability, and a factor intensity effect can induce a decrease in the skill premium despite moderate growth in the relative productivity of high-skilled labor. In the long run, as the difference in labor productivity increases, the skill premium also rises. To underpin our theoretical results, we conduct a comprehensive simulation study.

Endogenous Human Capital and Technological Change in Closed and Open Economies

Author : Theo Stefan Eicher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Endogenous Human Capital and Technological Change in Closed and Open Economies by : Theo Stefan Eicher

Download or read book Endogenous Human Capital and Technological Change in Closed and Open Economies written by Theo Stefan Eicher and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Inequality and the Labor Market

Author : Sharon Block
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815738811
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality and the Labor Market by : Sharon Block

Download or read book Inequality and the Labor Market written by Sharon Block and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring a new agenda to improve outcomes for American workers As the United States continues to struggle with the impact of the devastating COVID-19 recession, policymakers have an opportunity to redress the competition problems in our labor markets. Making the right policy choices, however, requires a deep understanding of long-term, multidimensional problems. That will be solved only by looking to the failures and unrealized opportunities in anti-trust and labor law. For decades, competition in the U.S. labor market has declined, with the result that American workers have experienced slow wage growth and diminishing job quality. While sluggish productivity growth, rising globalization, and declining union representation are traditionally cited as factors for this historic imbalance in economic power, weak competition in the labor market is increasingly being recognized as a factor as well. This book by noted experts frames the legal and economic consequences of this imbalance and presents a series of urgently needed reforms of both labor and anti-trust laws to improve outcomes for American workers. These include higher wages, safer workplaces, increased ability to report labor violations, greater mobility, more opportunities for workers to build power, and overall better labor protections. Inequality in the Labor Market will interest anyone who cares about building a progressive economic agenda or who has a marked interest in labor policy. It also will appeal to anyone hoping to influence or anticipate the much-needed progressive agenda for the United States. The book's unusual scope provides prescriptions that, as Nobel Laureate Joseph Stiglitz notes in the introduction, map a path for rebalancing power, not just in our economy but in our democracy.

Handbook of Economic Growth

Author : Philippe Aghion
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444535470
Total Pages : 1172 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Economic Growth by : Philippe Aghion

Download or read book Handbook of Economic Growth written by Philippe Aghion and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 1172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volumes 2A and 2B of The Handbook of Economic Growth summarize recent advances in theoretical and empirical work while offering new perspectives on a range of growth mechanisms, from the roles played by institutions and organizations to the ways factors beyond capital accumulation and technological change can affect growth. Written by research leaders, the chapters summarize and evaluate recent advances while explaining where further research might be profitable. With analyses that are provocative and controversial because they are so directly relevant to public policy and private decision-making, these two volumes uphold the standard for excellence in applied economics set by Volumes 1A and 1B (2005). Offers definitive theoretical and empirical scholarship about growth economics Empowers readers to evaluate the work of other economists and to plan their own research projects Demonstrates the value of empirical testing, with its implicit conclusion that our understanding of economic growth will help everyone make better decisions

The Oxford Handbook of Skills and Training

Author : Chris Warhurst
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199655367
Total Pages : 769 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Skills and Training by : Chris Warhurst

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Skills and Training written by Chris Warhurst and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skills and workforce development are at the heart of much research on work, employment, and management. But are they so important? To what extent can they make a difference for individuals, organizations, and nations? How are the supply and, more importantly, the utilization of skill, currently evolving? What are the key factors shaping skills trajectories of the future? This Handbook provides an authoritative consideration of issues such as these. It does so by drawing on experts in a wide range of disciplines including sociology, economics, labour/industrial relations, human resource management, education, and geography. The Handbook is relevant for all with an interest in the changing nature - and future - of work, employment, and management. It draws on the latest scholarly insights to shed new light on all the major issues concerning skills and training today. While written primarily by leading scholars in the field, it is equally relevant to policy makers and practitioners responsible for shaping the development of human capability today and into the future.

Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality

Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513547437
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality by : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris

Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.

Internal Migration, Urbanization and Poverty in Asia: Dynamics and Interrelationships

Author : Kankesu Jayanthakumaran
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789811315367
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Internal Migration, Urbanization and Poverty in Asia: Dynamics and Interrelationships by : Kankesu Jayanthakumaran

Download or read book Internal Migration, Urbanization and Poverty in Asia: Dynamics and Interrelationships written by Kankesu Jayanthakumaran and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is Open Access under a CC BY license. This volume offers an essential resource for economic policymakers as well as students of development economics focusing on the interrelationships of migration, urbanization and poverty in Asia. The continent’s recent demographic transitions and rural-urban structural transformations are extraordinary, and involve complexities that require in-depth study. The chapters within this volume examine those complexities using a range of traditional and non-traditional measures, such as multidimensional poverty, gaps and polarization, to arrive at the conclusion that poverty is now an urban issue. In short, the book will help students of development economics and policymakers understand the interrelationships between internal migration, urbanization and poverty, paving the way for the improved management of internal migration and disadvantaged and vulnerable populations.

For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation

Author : Mr. Andrew Berg
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513592963
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation by : Mr. Andrew Berg

Download or read book For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation written by Mr. Andrew Berg and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many studies predict massive job losses and real wage decline as a result of the ongoing widespread automation of production, a trend that may be further aggravated by the COVID-19 crisis. Yet automation is also expected to raise productivity and output. How can we share the gains from automation more widely, for the benefit of all? And what are the attendant equity-efficiency trade-offs? We analyze this issue by considering the effects of fiscal policies that seek to redistribute the gains from automation and address income inequality. We use a dynamic general equilibrium model with monopolistic competition, including a novel specification linking corporate power to automation. While fiscal policy cannot eliminate the classic equity-efficiency trade-offs, it can help improve them, reducing inequality at small or no loss of output. This is particularly so when policy takes advantage of novel, less distortive transmission channels of fiscal policy created by the empirically observed link between corporate market power and automation.

The Economics of Artificial Intelligence

Author : Ajay Agrawal
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226833127
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economics of Artificial Intelligence by : Ajay Agrawal

Download or read book The Economics of Artificial Intelligence written by Ajay Agrawal and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2024-03-05 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system.

The Race between Education and Technology

Author : Claudia Goldin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674037731
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Race between Education and Technology by : Claudia Goldin

Download or read book The Race between Education and Technology written by Claudia Goldin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a careful historical analysis of the co-evolution of educational attainment and the wage structure in the United States through the twentieth century. The authors propose that the twentieth century was not only the American Century but also the Human Capital Century. That is, the American educational system is what made America the richest nation in the world. Its educational system had always been less elite than that of most European nations. By 1900 the U.S. had begun to educate its masses at the secondary level, not just in the primary schools that had remarkable success in the nineteenth century. The book argues that technological change, education, and inequality have been involved in a kind of race. During the first eight decades of the twentieth century, the increase of educated workers was higher than the demand for them. This had the effect of boosting income for most people and lowering inequality. However, the reverse has been true since about 1980. This educational slowdown was accompanied by rising inequality. The authors discuss the complex reasons for this, and what might be done to ameliorate it.

The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309444454
Total Pages : 643 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration finds that the long-term impact of immigration on the wages and employment of native-born workers overall is very small, and that any negative impacts are most likely to be found for prior immigrants or native-born high school dropouts. First-generation immigrants are more costly to governments than are the native-born, but the second generation are among the strongest fiscal and economic contributors in the U.S. This report concludes that immigration has an overall positive impact on long-run economic growth in the U.S. More than 40 million people living in the United States were born in other countries, and almost an equal number have at least one foreign-born parent. Together, the first generation (foreign-born) and second generation (children of the foreign-born) comprise almost one in four Americans. It comes as little surprise, then, that many U.S. residents view immigration as a major policy issue facing the nation. Not only does immigration affect the environment in which everyone lives, learns, and works, but it also interacts with nearly every policy area of concern, from jobs and the economy, education, and health care, to federal, state, and local government budgets. The changing patterns of immigration and the evolving consequences for American society, institutions, and the economy continue to fuel public policy debate that plays out at the national, state, and local levels. The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration assesses the impact of dynamic immigration processes on economic and fiscal outcomes for the United States, a major destination of world population movements. This report will be a fundamental resource for policy makers and law makers at the federal, state, and local levels but extends to the general public, nongovernmental organizations, the business community, educational institutions, and the research community.

Technology-Driven Productivity Improvements and the Future of Work: Emerging Research and Opportunities

Author : Roos, Göran
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522521801
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Technology-Driven Productivity Improvements and the Future of Work: Emerging Research and Opportunities by : Roos, Göran

Download or read book Technology-Driven Productivity Improvements and the Future of Work: Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Roos, Göran and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While technological developments are evolving at a rapid pace, employee workplace skills are falling behind. This rate of change will continue to accelerate, and it is the responsibility of businesses to provide their employees with a solid foundation for keeping pace with the technology surrounding them. Technology-Driven Productivity Improvements and the Future of Work: Emerging Research and Opportunities provides a comprehensive discussion of the latest strategies and methods for creating harmony between the workplace population and their technological environments. Featuring coverage on relevant topics such as STEM skills, economic complexities, and social programs, this is an informative resource for all business owners, professionals, practitioners, and researchers who are interested in discovering new methods that will enable humans and technology to work together.