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Size Resolved Chemical Composition And Water Soluble Fraction Of Atmospheric Aerosols Collected From The Asian Continent
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Book Synopsis Size-resolved Chemical Composition and Water-soluble Fraction of Atmospheric Aerosols Collected from the Asian Continent by : Rachelle Monique Duvall
Download or read book Size-resolved Chemical Composition and Water-soluble Fraction of Atmospheric Aerosols Collected from the Asian Continent written by Rachelle Monique Duvall and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurements of Size Resolved Atmospheric Aerosol Chemical Composition with Impactors by : Xinqiu Zhang
Download or read book Measurements of Size Resolved Atmospheric Aerosol Chemical Composition with Impactors written by Xinqiu Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Characterization and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Aerosols in Urban and Rural Regions by : Caroline Parworth
Download or read book Chemical Characterization and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Aerosols in Urban and Rural Regions written by Caroline Parworth and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols, or particulate matter (PM), can affect climate through scattering and absorption of radiation and influence the radiative properties, precipitation efficiency, thickness, and lifetime of clouds. Aerosols are one of the greatest sources of uncertainty in climate model predictions of radiative forcing. To fully understand the sources of uncertainty contributing to the radiative properties of aerosols, measurements of PM mass, composition, and size distribution are needed globally and seasonally. To add to the current understanding of the seasonal and temporal variations in aerosol composition and chemistry, this study has focused on the quantification, speciation, and characterization of atmospheric PM in urban and rural regions of the United States (US) for short and long periods of time. In the first two chapters, we focus on 1 month of aerosol and gas-phase measurements taken in Fresno, CA, an urban and agricultural area, during the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) field study called DISCOVER-AQ. This air quality measurement supersite included a plethora of highly detailed chemical measurements of aerosols and gases, which were made at the same time as similar aircraft column measurements of aerosols and gases. The goal of DISCOVER-AQ is to improve the interpretation of satellite observations to approximate surface conditions relating to air quality, which can be achieved by making concurrent ground- and aircraft-based measurements of aerosols and gases. We begin in chapter 2 by exploring the urban aerosol and gas-phase dataset from the NASA DISCOVER-AQ study in California. Specifically, we discuss the chemical composition and mass concentration of water-soluble PM2.5 that were measured using a particle-into-liquid sampler with ion chromatography (PILS-IC) in Fresno, California from January 13–February 10, 2013. This data was analyzed for ionic inorganic species, organic acids and amines. Gas-phase species including HNO3 and NH3 were collected with annular denuders and analyzed using ion chromatography. Using the thermodynamic E-AIM model, inorganic particle water mass concentration and pH were calculated for the first time in this area. Organic particle water mass concentration was calculated from [kappa]-Köhler theory. In chapter 3 further analysis of the aerosol- and gas-phase data measured during DISCOVER-AQ was performed to determine the effectiveness of a local residential wood burning curtailment program in improving air quality. Using aerosol speciation and concentration measurements from the 2013 winter DISCOVER-AQ study in Fresno, CA, we investigate the impact of residential wood burning restrictions on fine particulate mass concentration and composition. Key species associated with biomass burning in this region include K+, acetonitrile, black carbon, and biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA), which represents primary organic aerosol associated with residential wood burning. Reductions in acetonitrile associated with wood burning restrictions even at night were not observed and most likely associated with stagnant conditions during curtailment periods that led to the buildup of this long-lived gas. In chapter 4 we transition to the rural aerosol dataset from the DOE SGP site. We discuss the chemical composition and mass concentration of non-refractory submicron aerosols (NR-PM1) that were measured with an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) at the DOE SGP site from November 2010 through June 2012. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was performed on the measured organic aerosol (OA) mass spectral matrix using a newly developed rolling window technique to derive factors associated with distinct sources, evolution processes, and physiochemical properties. The rolling window approach captured the dynamic variations of the chemical properties of the OA factors over time. Three OA factors were obtained including two oxygenated OA (OOA) factors, differing in degrees of oxidation, and a BBOA factor. Sources of NR-PM1 species at the SGP site were determined from back trajectory analyses. NR-PM1 mass concentration was dominated by organics for the majority of the study with the exception of winter, when NH4N33 increased due to transport of precursor species from surrounding urban and agricultural regions and also due to cooler temperatures. Chapter 5 is a continuation of chapter 4, where we will explore the use of the multilinear engine (ME-2) as a factor analysis technique, which is an algorithm used for solving the bilinear model called positive matrix factorization (PMF). The importance of ME-2 and its potential application on the long-term aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) data collected from the Department of Energy (DOE) Southern Great Plains (SPG) site will be discussed. ME-2 was performed on 19 months of OA mass spectral data obtained from the ACSM at the SGP site. Evaluation of ME-2 results are presented, followed by comparison of ME-2 factor results with corresponding OACOMP factor results reported in chapter 4. We show that ME-2 can determine a biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) factor during periods when OACOMP cannot. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)
Author :National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Airborne Particles Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :376 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (43 download)
Book Synopsis Airborne Particles by : National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Airborne Particles
Download or read book Airborne Particles written by National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Airborne Particles and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical and Physical Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols (a) a Case Study in the Unique Properties of Agricultural Aerosols (b) the Role of Chemical Composition in Ice Nucleation During the Arctic Spring by : Seong-Gi Moon
Download or read book Chemical and Physical Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols (a) a Case Study in the Unique Properties of Agricultural Aerosols (b) the Role of Chemical Composition in Ice Nucleation During the Arctic Spring written by Seong-Gi Moon and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on the analysis of atmospheric particles sampled from two different field campaigns: the field study at a cattle feeding facility in the summer from 2005 to 2008 and the Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC) in 2008. A ground site field study at a representative large cattle feeding facility in the Texas Panhandle was conducted to characterize the particle size distributions, hygroscopicity, and chemical composition of agricultural aerosols. Here, a first comprehensive dataset is reported for these physical and chemical properties of agricultural aerosols appropriate for use in a site-specific emission inventory. The emission rate and transport of the aerosols are also discussed. In addition, mixing ratios of total and gaseous ammonia were measured at the same field in 2007 and 2008. Measurements such as these provide a means to determine whether the fugitive dust emitted from a typical large feedlot represents a health concern for employees of the feeding operation and the nearby community. Detailed chemical composition of aircraft-sampled particles collected during ISDAC was studied. Filter samples were collected under a variety of conditions in and out of mixed phase and ice clouds in the Arctic. Specifically, particles were sampled from a mixed-phase cloud during a period of observed high concentrations of ice nuclei (IN), a biomass plume, and under relatively clean ambient conditions. Composition of particles was studied on a particle-by-particle basis using several microspectroscopy techniques. Based on the elemental composition analysis, more magnesium was found in Arctic cloud residues relative to ambient air. Likewise, based on the carbon speciation analysis, high IN samples contained coated inorganics, carbonate, and black or brown carbon particles. In the samples collected during a flight through a biomass burning plume, water-soluble organic carbon was the dominant overall composition. Due to their hygroscopic nature, these organics may preferably act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) rather than IN. Other ambient samples contained relatively higher fractions of organic and inorganic mixtures and less purely water-soluble organics than found in the biomass particles. The most likely source of inorganics would be sea salt. When present, sea salt may further enhance ice nucleation.
Book Synopsis Chemical Characterization and Source Apportionment Model Study of Atmospheric Aerosols in Asia by : Rachelle Monique Duvall
Download or read book Chemical Characterization and Source Apportionment Model Study of Atmospheric Aerosols in Asia written by Rachelle Monique Duvall and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurements to Evaluate the Benchmark Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols by : Bernard G. Mendonça
Download or read book Measurements to Evaluate the Benchmark Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols written by Bernard G. Mendonça and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report was adapted from a Master's thesis supported by an ERL long-term University assignment at Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado pg. ii
Book Synopsis Asian Aerosols in North America by : Richard A. Vancuren
Download or read book Asian Aerosols in North America written by Richard A. Vancuren and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of the Optical and Cloud Forming Properties of Pollution, Biomass Burning, and Mineral Dust Aerosols by : Yong Seob Lee
Download or read book Investigation of the Optical and Cloud Forming Properties of Pollution, Biomass Burning, and Mineral Dust Aerosols written by Yong Seob Lee and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes the use of measured aerosol size distributions and size-resolved hygroscopic growth to examine the physical and chemical properties of several particle classes. The primary objective of this work was to investigate the optical and cloud forming properties of a range of ambient aerosol types measured in a number of different locations. The tool used for most of these analyses is a differential mobility analyzer / tandem differential mobility analyzer (DMA / TDMA) system developed in our research group. To collect the data described in two of the chapters of this dissertation, an aircraft-based version of the DMA / TDMA was deployed to Japan and California. The data described in two other chapters were conveniently collected during a period when the aerosol of interest came to us. The unique aspect of this analysis is the use of these data to isolate the size distributions of distinct aerosol types in order to quantify their optical and cloud forming properties. I used collected data during the Asian Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia) to examine the composition and homogeneity of a complex aerosol generated in the deserts and urban regions of China and other Asian countries. An aircraft-based TDMA was used for the first time during this campaign to examine the size-resolved hygroscopic properties of the aerosol. The Asian Dust Above Monterey (ADAM-2003) study was designed both to evaluate the degree to which models can predict the long-range transport of Asian dust, and to examine the physical and optical properties of that aged dust upon reaching the California coast. Aerosol size distributions and hygroscopic growth were measured in College Station, Texas to investigate the cloud nucleating and optical properties of a biomass burning aerosol generated from fires on the Yucatan Peninsula. Measured aerosol size distributions and size-resolved hygroscopicity and volatility were used to infer critical supersaturation distributions of the distinct particle types that were observed during this period. The predicted cloud condensation nuclei concentrations were used in a cloud model to determine the impact of the different aerosol types on the expected cloud droplet concentration. RH-dependent aerosol extinction coefficients were also calculated.
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Aerosols: Their Optical Properties and Effects (supplement) by :
Download or read book Atmospheric Aerosols: Their Optical Properties and Effects (supplement) written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry by : Daniel J. Jacob
Download or read book Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry written by Daniel J. Jacob and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric chemistry is one of the fastest growing fields in the earth sciences. Until now, however, there has been no book designed to help students capture the essence of the subject in a brief course of study. Daniel Jacob, a leading researcher and teacher in the field, addresses that problem by presenting the first textbook on atmospheric chemistry for a one-semester course. Based on the approach he developed in his class at Harvard, Jacob introduces students in clear and concise chapters to the fundamentals as well as the latest ideas and findings in the field. Jacob's aim is to show students how to use basic principles of physics and chemistry to describe a complex system such as the atmosphere. He also seeks to give students an overview of the current state of research and the work that led to this point. Jacob begins with atmospheric structure, design of simple models, atmospheric transport, and the continuity equation, and continues with geochemical cycles, the greenhouse effect, aerosols, stratospheric ozone, the oxidizing power of the atmosphere, smog, and acid rain. Each chapter concludes with a problem set based on recent scientific literature. This is a novel approach to problem-set writing, and one that successfully introduces students to the prevailing issues. This is a major contribution to a growing area of study and will be welcomed enthusiastically by students and teachers alike.
Author :Miroslav Radojevic Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9781851667772 Total Pages :624 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (677 download)
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Acidity by : Miroslav Radojevic
Download or read book Atmospheric Acidity written by Miroslav Radojevic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-12-31 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first publication to offer a comprehensive and balanced view of atmospheric acidity. It is organised in three sections. The first part consists of reviews of sources of acidic compounds, the second part outlines the environmental consequences and the final part discusses the technological, legal and political aspects of control strategies.
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Aerosols by : Hayder Abdul-Razzak
Download or read book Atmospheric Aerosols written by Hayder Abdul-Razzak and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is divided into two sections. The first section presents characterization of atmospheric aerosols and their impact on regional climate from East Asia to the Pacific. Ground-based, air-born, and satellite data were collected and analyzed. Detailed information about measurement techniques and atmospheric conditions were provided as well. In the second section, authors provide detailed information about the organic and inorganic constituents of atmospheric aerosols. They discuss the chemical and physical processes, temporal and spatial distribution, emissions, formation, and transportation of aerosol particles. In addition, new measurement techniques are introduced. This book hopes to serve as a useful resource to resolve some of the issues associated with the complex nature of the interaction between atmospheric aerosols and climatology.
Book Synopsis Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XVII by : Carlos Borrego
Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XVII written by Carlos Borrego and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1969 the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) established the Committee on Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS). The subject of air pol- tion was from the start, one of the priority problems under study within the fra- work of various pilot studies undertaken by this committee. The organization of a periodic conference dealing with air pollution modeling and its application has become one of the main activities within the pilot study relating to air pollution. The first five international conferences were organized by the United States as the pilot country; the second five by the Federal Republic of Germany; the third five by Belgium; the next four by The Netherlands; and the next five by Denmark; and with this one, the last three by Portugal. th This volume contains the papers and posters presented at the 27 NATO/CCMS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application held in Banff, Canada, 24-29 October 2004. The key topics at this ITM included: Role of Atmospheric Models in Air Pollution Policy and Abatement Strategies; Integrated Regional Modeling; Effects of Climate Change on Air Quality; Aerosols as Atmospheric Contaminants; New Developments; and Model Assessment and Verification. 104 participants from North and South America, Europe, Africa and Asia attended th the 27 ITM. The conference was jointly organized by the University of Aveiro, Portugal (Pilot Country) and by The University of Calgary, Canada (Host Country). A total of 74 oral and 22 poster papers were presented during the conference.
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Aerosols by : Olivier Boucher
Download or read book Atmospheric Aerosols written by Olivier Boucher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook aims to be a one stop shop for those interested in aerosols and their impact on the climate system. It starts with some fundamentals on atmospheric aerosols, atmospheric radiation and cloud physics, then goes into techniques used for in-situ and remote sensing measurements of aerosols, data assimilation, and discusses aerosol-radiation interactions, aerosol-cloud interactions and the multiple impacts of aerosols on the climate system. The book aims to engage those interested in aerosols and their impacts on the climate system: graduate and PhD students, but also post-doctorate fellows who are new to the field or would like to broaden their knowledge. The book includes exercises at the end of most chapters. Atmospheric aerosols are small (microscopic) particles in suspension in the atmosphere, which play multiple roles in the climate system. They interact with the energy budget through scattering and absorption of solar and terrestrial radiation. They also serve as cloud condensation and ice nuclei with impacts on the formation, evolution and properties of clouds. Finally aerosols also interact with some biogeochemical cycles. Anthropogenic emissions of aerosols are responsible for a cooling effect that has masked part of the warming due to the increased greenhouse effect since pre-industrial time. Natural aerosols also respond to climate changes as shown by observations of past climates and modelling of the future climate.
Book Synopsis The Climate and Weather of the Philippines, 1903-1918 by : José Coronas
Download or read book The Climate and Weather of the Philippines, 1903-1918 written by José Coronas and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Air Quality Monitoring, Assessment and Management by : Nicolás A. Mazzeo
Download or read book Air Quality Monitoring, Assessment and Management written by Nicolás A. Mazzeo and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human beings need to breathe oxygen diluted in certain quantity of inert gas for living. In the atmosphere, there is a gas mixture of, mainly, oxygen and nitrogen, in appropriate proportions. However, the air also contains other gases, vapours and aerosols that humans incorporate when breathing and whose composition and concentration vary spatially. Some of these are physiologically inert. Air pollution has become a problem of major concern in the last few decades as it has caused negative effects on human health, nature and properties. This book presents the results of research studies carried out by international researchers in seventeen chapters which can be grouped into two main sections: a) air quality monitoring and b) air quality assessment and management, and serves as a source of material for all those involved in the field, whether as a student, scientific researcher, industrialist, consultant, or government agency with responsibility in this area.
