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Sigma Delta Modulators
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Book Synopsis Low-Power Low-Voltage Sigma-Delta Modulators in Nanometer CMOS by : Libin Yao
Download or read book Low-Power Low-Voltage Sigma-Delta Modulators in Nanometer CMOS written by Libin Yao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-09 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: this book is not suitable for the bookstore catalogue
Book Synopsis Bandpass Sigma Delta Modulators by : Jurgen van Engelen
Download or read book Bandpass Sigma Delta Modulators written by Jurgen van Engelen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sigma delta modulation has become a very useful and widely applied technique for high performance Analog-to-Digital (A/D) conversion of narrow band signals. Through the use of oversampling and negative feedback, the quantization errors of a coarse quantizer are suppressed in a narrow signal band in the output of the modulator. Bandpass sigma delta modulation is well suited for A/D conversion of narrow band signals modulated on a carrier, as occurs in communication systems such as AM/FM receivers and mobile phones. Due to the nonlinearity of the quantizer in the feedback loop, a sigma delta modulator may exhibit input signal dependent stability properties. The same combination of the nonlinearity and the feedback loop complicates the stability analysis. In Bandpass Sigma Delta Modulators, the describing function method is used to analyze the stability of the sigma delta modulator. The linear gain model commonly used for the quantizer fails to predict small signal stability properties and idle patterns accurately. In Bandpass Sigma Delta Modulators an improved model for the quantizer is introduced, extending the linear gain model with a phase shift. Analysis shows that the phase shift of a sampled quantizer is in fact a phase uncertainty. Stability analysis of sigma delta modulators using the extended model allows accurate prediction of idle patterns and calculation of small-signal stability boundaries for loop filter parameters. A simplified rule of thumb is derived and applied to bandpass sigma delta modulators. The stability properties have a considerable impact on the design of single-loop, one-bit, high-order continuous-time bandpass sigma delta modulators. The continuous-time bandpass loop filter structure should have sufficient degrees of freedom to implement the desired (small-signal stable) sigma delta modulator behavior. Bandpass Sigma Delta Modulators will be of interest to practicing engineers and researchers in the areas of mixed-signal and analog integrated circuit design.
Book Synopsis Understanding Delta-Sigma Data Converters by : Shanthi Pavan
Download or read book Understanding Delta-Sigma Data Converters written by Shanthi Pavan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-24 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition introduces operation and design techniques for Sigma-Delta converters in physical and conceptual terms, and includes chapters which explore developments in the field over the last decade Includes information on MASH architectures, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) mismatch and mismatch shaping Investigates new topics including continuous-time ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) principles and designs, circuit design for both continuous-time and discrete-time ΔΣ ADCs, decimation and interpolation filters, and incremental ADCs Provides emphasis on practical design issues for industry professionals
Book Synopsis Top-Down Design of High-Performance Sigma-Delta Modulators by : Fernando Medeiro
Download or read book Top-Down Design of High-Performance Sigma-Delta Modulators written by Fernando Medeiro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interest for :I:~ modulation-based NO converters has significantly increased in the last years. The reason for that is twofold. On the one hand, unlike other converters that need accurate building blocks to obtain high res olution, :I:~ converters show low sensitivity to the imperfections of their building blocks. This is achieved through extensive use of digital signal pro cessing - a desirable feature regarding the implementation of NO interfaces in mainstream CMOS technologies which are better suited for implementing fast, dense, digital circuits than accurate analog circuits. On the other hand, the number of applications with industrial interest has also grown. In fact, starting from the earliest in the audio band, today we can find :I:~ converters in a large variety of NO interfaces, ranging from instrumentation to commu nications. These advances have been supported by a number of research works that have lead to a considerably large amount of published papers and books cov ering different sub-topics: from purely theoretical aspects to architecture and circuit optimization. However, so much material is often difficultly digested by those unexperienced designers who have been committed to developing a :I:~ converter, mainly because there is a lack of methodology. In our view, a clear methodology is necessary in :I:~ modulator design because all related tasks are rather hard.
Book Synopsis The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators by : Shahriar Rabii
Download or read book The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators written by Shahriar Rabii and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oversampling techniques based on sigma-delta modulation are widely used to implement the analog/digital interfaces in CMOS VLSI technologies. This approach is relatively insensitive to imperfections in the manufacturing process and offers numerous advantages for the realization of high-resolution analog-to-digital (A/D) converters in the low-voltage environment that is increasingly demanded by advanced VLSI technologies and by portable electronic systems. In The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators, an analysis of power dissipation in sigma-delta modulators is presented, and a low-voltage implementation of a digital-audio performance A/D converter based on the results of this analysis is described. Although significant power savings can typically be achieved in digital circuits by reducing the power supply voltage, the power dissipation in analog circuits actually tends to increase with decreasing supply voltages. Oversampling architectures are a potentially power-efficient means of implementing high-resolution A/D converters because they reduce the number and complexity of the analog circuits in comparison with Nyquist-rate converters. In fact, it is shown that the power dissipation of a sigma-delta modulator can approach that of a single integrator with the resolution and bandwidth required for a given application. In this research the influence of various parameters on the power dissipation of the modulator has been evaluated and strategies for the design of a power-efficient implementation have been identified. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators begins with an overview of A/D conversion, emphasizing sigma-delta modulators. It includes a detailed analysis of noise in sigma-delta modulators, analyzes power dissipation in integrator circuits, and addresses practical issues in the circuit design and testing of a high-resolution modulator. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators will be of interest to practicing engineers and researchers in the areas of mixed-signal and analog integrated circuit design.
Book Synopsis Continuous-Time SIGMA-Delta Modulation for A/d Conversion in Radio Receivers by : Lucien Breems
Download or read book Continuous-Time SIGMA-Delta Modulation for A/d Conversion in Radio Receivers written by Lucien Breems and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide by : Jose M. de la Rosa
Download or read book Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide written by Jose M. de la Rosa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly revised and expanded to help readers systematically increase their knowledge and insight about Sigma-Delta Modulators Sigma-Delta Modulators (SDMs) have become one of the best choices for the implementation of analog/digital interfaces of electronic systems integrated in CMOS technologies. Compared to other kinds of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), Σ∆Ms cover one of the widest conversion regions of the resolution-versus-bandwidth plane, being the most efficient solution to digitize signals in an increasingly number of applications, which span from high-resolution low-bandwidth digital audio, sensor interfaces, and instrumentation, to ultra-low power biomedical systems and medium-resolution broadband wireless communications. Following the spirit of its first edition, Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition takes a comprehensive look at SDMs, their diverse types of architectures, circuit techniques, analysis synthesis methods, and CAD tools, as well as their practical design considerations. It compiles and updates the current research reported on the topic, and explains the multiple trade-offs involved in the whole design flow of Sigma-Delta Modulators—from specifications to chip implementation and characterization. The book follows a top-down approach in order to provide readers with the necessary understanding about recent advances, trends, and challenges in state-of-the-art Σ∆Ms. It makes more emphasis on two key points, which were not treated so deeply in the first edition: It includes a more detailed explanation of Σ∆Ms implemented using Continuous-Time (CT) circuits, going from system-level synthesis to practical circuit limitations. It provides more practical case studies and applications, as well as a deeper description of the synthesis methodologies and CAD tools employed in the design of Σ∆ converters. Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition serves as an excellent textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering as well as design engineers working on SD data-converters, who are looking for a uniform and self-contained reference in this hot topic. With this goal in mind, and based on the feedback received from readers, the contents have been revised and structured to make this new edition a unique monograph written in a didactical, pedagogical, and intuitive style.
Book Synopsis Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta A/D Conversion by : Friedel Gerfers
Download or read book Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta A/D Conversion written by Friedel Gerfers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sigma-delta A/D converters are a key building block in wireless and multimedia applications. This comprehensive book deals with all relevant aspects arising during the analysis, design and simulation of the now widespread continuous-time implementations of sigma-delta modulators. The results of several years of research by the authors in the field of CT sigma-delta modulators are covered, including the analysis and modeling of different CT modulator architectures, CT/DT loop filter synthesis, a detailed error analysis of all components, and possible compensation/correction schemes for the non-ideal behavior in CT sigma-delta modulators. Guidance for obtaining low-power consumption and several practical implementations are also presented. It is shown that all the proposed new theories, architectures and possible correction techniques have been confirmed by measurements on discrete or integrated circuits. Quantitative results are also provided, thus enabling prediction of the resulting accuracy.
Book Synopsis CMOS Sigma-Delta Converters by : Jose M. de la Rosa
Download or read book CMOS Sigma-Delta Converters written by Jose M. de la Rosa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) and a practical guide to their design in nano-scale CMOS for optimal performance. This book presents a systematic and comprehensive compilation of sigma-delta converter operating principles, the new advances in architectures and circuits, design methodologies and practical considerations − going from system-level specifications to silicon integration, packaging and measurements, with emphasis on nanometer CMOS implementation. The book emphasizes practical design issues – from high-level behavioural modelling in MATLAB/SIMULINK, to circuit-level implementation in Cadence Design FrameWork II. As well as being a comprehensive reference to the theory, the book is also unique in that it gives special importance on practical issues, giving a detailed description of the different steps that constitute the whole design flow of sigma-delta ADCs. The book begins with an introductory survey of sigma-delta modulators, their fundamentals architectures and synthesis methods covered in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, the effect of main circuit error mechanisms is analysed, providing the necessary understanding of the main practical issues affecting the performance of sigma-delta modulators. The knowledge derived from the first two chapters is presented in the book as an essential part of the systematic top-down/bottom-up synthesis methodology of sigma-delta modulators described in Chapter 3, where a time-domain behavioural simulator named SIMSIDES is described and applied to the high-level design and verification of sigma-delta ADCs. Chapter 4 moves farther down from system-level to the circuit and physical level, providing a number of design recommendations and practical recipes to complete the design flow of sigma-delta modulators. To conclude the book, Chapter 5 gives an overview of the state-of-the-art sigma-delta ADCs, which are exhaustively analysed in order to extract practical design guidelines and to identify the incoming trends, design challenges as well as practical solutions proposed by cutting-edge designs. Offers a complete survey of sigma-delta modulator architectures from fundamentals to state-of-the art topologies, considering both switched-capacitor and continuous-time circuit implementations Gives a systematic analysis and practical design guide of sigma-delta modulators, from a top-down/bottom-up perspective, including mathematical models and analytical procedures, behavioural modeling in MATLAB/SIMULINK, macromodeling, and circuit-level implementation in Cadence Design FrameWork II, chip prototyping, and experimental characterization. Systematic compilation of cutting-edge sigma-delta modulators Complete description of SIMSIDES, a time-domain behavioural simulator implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK Plenty of examples, case studies, and simulation test benches, covering the different stages of the design flow of sigma-delta modulators A number of electronic resources, including SIMSIDES, the statistical data used in the state-of-the-art survey, as well as many design examples and test benches are hosted on a companion website Essential reading for Researchers and electronics engineering practitioners interested in the design of high-performance data converters integrated in nanometer CMOS technologies; mixed-signal designers.
Book Synopsis Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators for High-Speed A/D Conversion by : James A. Cherry
Download or read book Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators for High-Speed A/D Conversion written by James A. Cherry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among analog-to-digital converters, the delta-sigma modulator has cornered the market on high to very high resolution converters at moderate speeds, with typical applications such as digital audio and instrumentation. Interest has recently increased in delta-sigma circuits built with a continuous-time loop filter rather than the more common switched-capacitor approach. Continuous-time delta-sigma modulators offer less noisy virtual ground nodes at the input, inherent protection against signal aliasing, and the potential to use a physical rather than an electrical integrator in the first stage for novel applications like accelerometers and magnetic flux sensors. More significantly, they relax settling time restrictions so that modulator clock rates can be raised. This opens the possibility of wideband (1 MHz or more) converters, possibly for use in radio applications at an intermediate frequency so that one or more stages of mixing might be done in the digital domain. Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators for High-Speed A/D Conversion: Theory, Practice and Fundamental Performance Limits covers all aspects of continuous-time delta-sigma modulator design, with particular emphasis on design for high clock speeds. The authors explain the ideal design of such modulators in terms of the well-understood discrete-time modulator design problem and provide design examples in Matlab. They also cover commonly-encountered non-idealities in continuous-time modulators and how they degrade performance, plus a wealth of material on the main problems (feedback path delays, clock jitter, and quantizer metastability) in very high-speed designs and how to avoid them. They also give a concrete design procedure for a real high-speed circuit which illustrates the tradeoffs in the selection of key parameters. Detailed circuit diagrams, simulation results and test results for an integrated continuous-time 4 GHz band-pass modulator for A/D conversion of 1 GHz analog signals are also presented. Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators for High-Speed A/D Conversion: Theory, Practice and Fundamental Performance Limits concludes with some promising modulator architectures and a list of the challenges that remain in this exciting field.
Book Synopsis Minimizing Spurious Tones in Digital Delta-Sigma Modulators by : Kaveh Hosseini
Download or read book Minimizing Spurious Tones in Digital Delta-Sigma Modulators written by Kaveh Hosseini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-25 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes several Digital Delta-Sigma Modulator (DDSM) architectures, including multi stage noise shaping (MASH), error feedback modulator (EFM) and single quantizer (SQ)-DDSM modulators, with a focus on predicting and maximizing their cycle lengths. The authors aim to demystify an important aspect of these particular DDSM structures, namely the existence of spurs resulting from the inherent periodicity of DDSMs with constant inputs. Simulink and MATLAB models and code are presented in Chapters 2–5 to enable the reader to reproduce the results in this work and to explore further. These examples will also be helpful for first-time designers of DDSMs.
Book Synopsis Delta-sigma Modulators: Modeling, Design And Applications by : Vassilis Anastassopoulos
Download or read book Delta-sigma Modulators: Modeling, Design And Applications written by Vassilis Anastassopoulos and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003-09-09 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book deals with the modeling and design of higher-order single-stage delta-sigma modulators. It provides an overview of the architectures, the quantizer models, the design techniques and the implementation issues encountered in the study of the delta-sigma modulators. A number of applications are discussed, with emphasis on use in the design of analog-to-digital converters and in frequency synthesis. The book is education- rather than research-oriented, containing numerical examples and unsolved problems. It is aimed at introducing the final-year undergraduate, the graduate student or the electronic engineer to this field.
Book Synopsis Sigma Delta Modulators by : Søren Hein
Download or read book Sigma Delta Modulators written by Søren Hein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-01-31 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analog-to-digital (A/D) converters are key components in digital signal processing (DSP) systems and are therefore receiving much attention as DSP becomes increasingly prevalent in telephony, audio, video, consumer products, etc. The varying demands on conversion rate, resolution and other characteristics have inspired a large number of competing A/D conversion techniques. Sigma Delta Modulators: Nonlinear Decoding Algorithms and Stability Analysis is concerned with the particular class of A/D techniques called oversampled noise-shaping (ONS) that has recently come into prominence for a number of applications. The popularity of ONS converters is due to their ease of implementation and robustness to circuit imperfectors. An ONS converter consists of an encoder that generates a high-rate, low-resolution digital signal, and a decoder that produces a low-rate, high-resolution digital approximation to the analog encoder input. The conventional decoding approach is based on linear filtering. Sigma Delta Modulators presents the optimal design of an ONS decoder for a given encoder. It is shown that nonlinear decoding can achieve gains in signaling ratio and the encoder architecture. The book then addresses the instability problem that plagues higher-order ONS encoders. A new stability concept is introduced that is well-suited to ONS encoders, and it is applied to the double-loop encoder as well as to the class of interpolative encoders. It is shown that there exists a trade-off between stability and SNR performance. Based on the results, explicit design examples are presented. Sigma Delta Modulators: Nonlinear Decoding Algorithms and Stability Analysis is a valuable reference source for researchers and engineers in industry and academia working on or interested in design and analysis of A/D converters, particularly to those working in quantization theory and signal reconstruction, and can serve as a text for advanced courses on the subjects treated.
Book Synopsis Delta-Sigma Data Converters by : Steven R. Norsworthy
Download or read book Delta-Sigma Data Converters written by Steven R. Norsworthy and published by Wiley-IEEE Press. This book was released on 1996-10-28 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive guide offers a detailed treatment of the analysis, design, simulation and testing of the full range of today's leading delta-sigma data converters. Written by professionals experienced in all practical aspects of delta-sigma modulator design, Delta-Sigma Data Converters provides comprehensive coverage of low and high-order single-bit, bandpass, continuous-time, multi-stage modulators as well as advanced topics, including idle-channel tones, stability, decimation and interpolation filter design, and simulation.
Book Synopsis Oversampled Delta-Sigma Modulators by : Mücahit Kozak
Download or read book Oversampled Delta-Sigma Modulators written by Mücahit Kozak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oversampled Delta-Sigma Modulators: Analysis, Applications, and Novel Topologies presents theorems and their mathematical proofs for the exact analysis of the quantization noise in delta-sigma modulators. Extensive mathematical equations are included throughout the book to analyze both single-stage and multi-stage architectures. It has been proved that appropriately set initial conditions generate tone free output, provided that the modulator order is at least three. These results are applied to the design of a Fractional-N PLL frequency synthesizer to produce spurious free RF waveforms. Furthermore, the book also presents time-interleaved topologies to increase the conversion bandwidth of delta-sigma modulators. The topologies have been generalized for any interleaving number and modulator order. The book is full of design and analysis techniques and contains sufficient detail that enables readers with little background in the subject to easily follow the material in it.
Book Synopsis Oversampling Delta-Sigma Data Converters by : James C. Candy
Download or read book Oversampling Delta-Sigma Data Converters written by James C. Candy and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This now famous anthology brings together various aspects of oversampling methods and compares and evaluates design approaches. It describes the theoretical analysis of converter performances, the actual design of converters and their simulation, circuit implementations, and applications.
Book Synopsis High Speed and Wide Bandwidth Delta-Sigma ADCs by : Muhammed Bolatkale
Download or read book High Speed and Wide Bandwidth Delta-Sigma ADCs written by Muhammed Bolatkale and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-27 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes techniques for realizing wide bandwidth (125MHz) over-sampled analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) in nano meter-CMOS processes. The authors offer a clear and complete picture of system level challenges and practical design solutions in high-speed Delta-Sigma modulators. Readers will be enabled to implement ADCs as continuous-time delta-sigma (CT∆Σ) modulators, offering simple resistive inputs, which do not require the use of power-hungry input buffers, as well as offering inherent anti-aliasing, which simplifies system integration. The authors focus on the design of high speed and wide-bandwidth ΔΣMs that make a step in bandwidth range which was previously only possible with Nyquist converters. More specifically, this book describes the stability, power efficiency and linearity limits of ΔΣMs, aiming at a GHz sampling frequency.
