Shii Reformation In Iran

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Shi'i Reformation in Iran

Author : Ali Rahnema
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317055322
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Shi'i Reformation in Iran by : Ali Rahnema

Download or read book Shi'i Reformation in Iran written by Ali Rahnema and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shi 'ism caught the attention of the world as Iran experienced her revolution in 1979 and was subsequently cast in the mold of a monolithic discourse of radical political Islam. The spokespersons of Shi'i Islam, in or out of power, have not been the sole representatives of the faith. Nonconformist and uncompromising, the Shi’i jurist and reformist Shari’at Sangelaji (1891-1944) challenged certain popular Shi’i beliefs and the mainstream clerical establishment, guarding and propagating it. In Shi'i Reformation in Iran, Ali Rahnema offers a fresh understanding of Sangelaji’s reformist discourse from a theological standpoint, and takes readers into the heart of the key religious debates in Iran in the 1940s. Exploring Sangelaji’s life, theological position and disputations, Rahnema demonstrates that far from being change resistant, debates around why and how to reform the faith have long been at the heart of Shi’i Islam. Drawing on the writings and sermons of Sangelaji, as well as interviews with his son, the book provides a detailed and comprehensive introduction to the reformist’s ideas. As such it offers scholars of religion and Middle Eastern politics alike a penetrating insight into the impact that these ideas have had on Shi’ism - an impact which is still felt today.

Shi'i Reformation in Iran

Author : ʻAlī Rāhnamā
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781315609003
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Shi'i Reformation in Iran by : ʻAlī Rāhnamā

Download or read book Shi'i Reformation in Iran written by ʻAlī Rāhnamā and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism

Author : Zackery M. Heern
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1780744978
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism by : Zackery M. Heern

Download or read book The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism written by Zackery M. Heern and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a fresh look at the foundations of modern Islam. Scholars often locate the origins of the modern Islamic world in European colonialism or Islamic reactions to European modernity. However, this study focuses on the rise of Islamic movements indigenous to the Middle East, which developed in direct response to the collapse and decentralization of the Islamic gunpowder empires. In other words, the book argues that the Usuli movement as well as Wahhabism and neo-Sufism emerged in reaction to the disintegration and political decentralization of the Safavid, Ottoman, and Mughal empires. The book specifically highlights the emergence of Usuli Shi‘ism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The long-term impact of the Usuli revival was that Shi‘i clerics gained unprecedented social, political, and economic power in Iran and southern Iraq. Usuli clerics claimed authority to issue binding legal judgments, which, they argue, must be observed by all Shi‘is. By the early nineteenth century, Usulism emerged as a popular, fiercely independent, transnational Islamic movement. The Usuli clerics have often operated at the heart of social and political developments in modern Iraq and Iran and today dominate the politics of the region.

Islam and Democracy in Iran

Author : Ziba Mir-Hosseini
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857713752
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam and Democracy in Iran by : Ziba Mir-Hosseini

Download or read book Islam and Democracy in Iran written by Ziba Mir-Hosseini and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's world all eyes are on Iran, which has grappled with an experiment that has had a massive global impact. For some, the Iranian Revolution of 1978-79 was the triumph of a modern, political Islam, heralding Muslim justice and economic prosperity. Others, including many of the original revolutionaries, saw religious fanatics attempting to roll back time by creating a despotic theocracy. Either way, the Iranian Revolution changed the Muslim world. It not only inspired the Muslim masses but also reinvigorated intellectual debates on the nature and possibilities of an Islamic state. The new 'Islamic Republic of Iran' combined not just religion and the state, but theocracy and democracy. Yet the revolution's heirs were soon engaged in a protracted struggle over its legacy. Dissident thinkers, from within an Islamic framework, sought a rights-based political order that could accept dissent, tolerance, pluralism, women's rights and civil liberties. Their ideas led directly to the presidency of Mohammad Khatami and, despite their political failure, they did leave a permanent legacy by demystifying Iranian religious politics, and condemning the use of the Shariah to justify autocratic rule. This book tells the story of the reformist movement through the world of Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari. An active supporter of the revolution who became one of the most outspoken critics of theocracy, Eshkevari developed ideas of 'Islamic democratic government', which have attracted considerable attention in Iran and elsewhere. In presenting a selection of Eshkevari's writings, this book reveals the intellectual and political trajectory of a Muslim thinker and his attempts to reconcile Islam with reform and democracy. As such it makes a highly original contribution to our understanding of the difficult social and political issues confronting the Islamic world today.

Political Conservatism and Religious Reformation in Iran (1905-1979)

Author : Amir Yahya Ayatollahi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783658366711
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (667 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Conservatism and Religious Reformation in Iran (1905-1979) by : Amir Yahya Ayatollahi

Download or read book Political Conservatism and Religious Reformation in Iran (1905-1979) written by Amir Yahya Ayatollahi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a theoretical inquiry on the relation of the body politic with the religious movements in the time between the Constitutional Revolution and the Islamic Revolution in Iran; it illustrates speculative and historical analyses on the relationship of state, religion, and socio-political status in the late Qajar dynasty (1905-1925) and the whole Pahlavi monarchy. Particularly, it examines the applicability of "liberal conservatism" to the era of the last Shah of Iran. The thesis defines the term political conservatism in accord with Edmund Burke's philosophy. It deals next with the definition of religious reformation, the peculiar characteristics of Islam, the Shi'ite political theology, and the contradictory usages of "Islamic reformation" in the literature. The text gives an overview of the two antagonist sides of nationalism. It provides also an analysis of the Islamic Republic as a new political phenomenon in Iranian history and the transformation of all concepts after 1979. Ayatollahi aims to assess the Iranian conservatism, the possibility of conciliation between politics and religion before the collapse of the Pahlavi, and "the conditions of possibility" for any restoration of the monarchy. About the author Amir Yahya Ayatollahi received his Ph.D. from the University of Vechta, Germany. His fields of interest are political philosophy, modern Middle East, Iranian studies, and Shi'ism.

Khomeini, Iranian Revolution, and the Shi'ite Faith

Author : Muḥammad Manẓūr Nuʻmānī
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Khomeini, Iranian Revolution, and the Shi'ite Faith by : Muḥammad Manẓūr Nuʻmānī

Download or read book Khomeini, Iranian Revolution, and the Shi'ite Faith written by Muḥammad Manẓūr Nuʻmānī and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Between Foreigners and Shi‘is

Author : Daniel Tsadik
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804779481
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Foreigners and Shi‘is by : Daniel Tsadik

Download or read book Between Foreigners and Shi‘is written by Daniel Tsadik and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-09 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on archival and primary sources in Persian, Hebrew, Judeo-Persian, Arabic, and European languages, Between Foreigners and Shi'is examines the Jews' religious, social, and political status in nineteenth-century Iran. This book, which focuses on Nasir al-Din Shah's reign (1848-1896), is the first comprehensive scholarly attempt to weave all these threads into a single tapestry. This case study of the Jewish minority illuminates broader processes pertaining to other religious minorities and Iranian society in general, and the interaction among intervening foreigners, the Shi'i majority, and local Jews helps us understand Iranian dilemmas that have persisted well beyond the second half of the nineteenth century.

The History of Shi'ism and Iranian Shi'ism

Author : Sophie Duhnkrack
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640517040
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Shi'ism and Iranian Shi'ism by : Sophie Duhnkrack

Download or read book The History of Shi'ism and Iranian Shi'ism written by Sophie Duhnkrack and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-01-22 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 85, Ben Gurion University, course: Iran , language: English, abstract: Ervand Abrahamian introduces his work Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic with a discussion of two terms interesting for an analysis of the Islamic Revolution, particularly considering Western images of Khomeini and his movement: fundamentalism and populism. These ideologically loaded concepts depict the book’s central thesis, namely that fundamentalism is not an appropriate term for describing Khomeini, his ideas and movement. According to Abrahamian, it alludes “religious inflexibility, ... political traditionalism, ... social conservatism, the centrality of scriptural-doctrinal principles, [and] ... the rejection of the modern world.” He instead presents populism as a more apposite term, which “connotes attempts made by nation-states to enter that world.” The scholars Daniele Albertazzi and Duncam McDonnell define ‘populism’ in a widely accepted definition as an ideology which pits a virtuous and homogeneous people against a set of elites and dangerous ‘others’ who are together depicted as depriving (or attempting to deprive) the sovereign people of their rights, values, prosperity, identity and voice. Essentially approving of Abrahamian’s cited thesis, this essay attempts to illustrate that the Islamic Revolution, led by Ayatollah Khomeini, does not represent a movement driven by “religious fundamentalism” or “fanaticism,” but the Iranian way of emancipation from domestic and foreign oppression and domination, materialized by the Shah and the West. This thesis will be developed through exploring the Shi’ite history and especially its appearance in Iran. Furthermore it will continually explore the religion’s revolutionary and supposedly fanatical characteristics and its contribution to the 1979 revolution, which, as its leader Khomeini, Western mainstream media often denounce as fundamentalist and radical.

Judicial Reform and Reorganization in 20th Century Iran

Author : Majid Mohammadi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135893438
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (358 download)

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Book Synopsis Judicial Reform and Reorganization in 20th Century Iran by : Majid Mohammadi

Download or read book Judicial Reform and Reorganization in 20th Century Iran written by Majid Mohammadi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran is now at the center of political and social developments in the Middle East. This book examines the reform of the judicial system in 20th century Iran and is the first to relate state-building process with rule of law promotion and judicial reform in the region. This subject occupies the critical juncture of three developments in the contemporary study of Iranian society as an important and early case of social revolution and reform in the Middle East: the state-building process in a non-Western country throughout the 20th century, the incorporation of a non-Western Muslim country into the Western legal framework through codification and transplantation (1911-1979), and the Islamicization process after this critical social development and the Islamic Revolution of 1979. This exceptional study furthers our understanding of Iranian modern history as well as the democratization process, human rights and rule of law issues in the Middle East.

Reinventing Khomeini

Author : Daniel Brumberg
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226077581
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (775 download)

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Book Synopsis Reinventing Khomeini by : Daniel Brumberg

Download or read book Reinventing Khomeini written by Daniel Brumberg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2001-04-15 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinventing Khomeini offers a new interpretation of the political battles that paved the way for reform in Iran. Brumberg argues that these conflicts did not result from a sudden ideological shift; nor did the election of President Mohammad Khatami in 1997 really defy the core principles of the Islamic Revolution. To the contrary, the struggle for a more democratic Iran can be traced to the revolution itself, and to the contradictory agendas of the revolution's founding father, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. A complex figure, Khomeini was a fervent champion of Islam, but while he sought a Shi'ite vision of clerical rule under one Supreme Leader, he also strove to mesh that vision with an implicitly Western view of mass participatory politics. The intense magnetism and charisma of the ayatollah obscured this paradox. But reformers in Iran today, while rejecting his autocratic vision, are reviving the constitutional notions of government that he considered, and even casting themselves as the bearers of his legacy. In Reinventing Khomeini, Brumberg proves that the ayatollah is as much the author of modern Iran as he is the symbol of its fundamentalist past.

The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-80

Author : Guity Nashat
Publisher : Urbana : University of Illinois Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-80 by : Guity Nashat

Download or read book The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-80 written by Guity Nashat and published by Urbana : University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Answering Only to God

Author : Geneive Abdo
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780805075144
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (751 download)

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Book Synopsis Answering Only to God by : Geneive Abdo

Download or read book Answering Only to God written by Geneive Abdo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Riveting . . . a side of Iran that is often misrepresented by the world’s media—[an] insightful, captivating book.” —San Francisco Chronicle Taking the reader inside Iran’s key institutions, Geneive Abdo and Jonathan Lyons argue that the 1979 Iranian revolution, long viewed in the West as the pursuit of an imagined medieval Utopia, was in fact a political movement designed to modernize Islam. Twenty years later, a power struggle between conservative and reform elements provoked a clash that has destabilized the country and limited Iran’s ability to integrate with the world community. Answering Only to God challenges the prevailing Western belief that the Islamic world is an undifferentiated mass of disaffected and dangerous fanatics or that a Western-style democracy will soon transform this ancient land of Shi’ite and Sufi tradition. Instead, the authors explore the controversial view that beyond their quarrel with the West, stemming from decades of exploitive foreign policies, the real struggle in Iran is between reformers and conservative mullahs.

Reformers and Revolutionaries in Modern Iran

Author : Stephanie Cronin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780415573443
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (734 download)

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Book Synopsis Reformers and Revolutionaries in Modern Iran by : Stephanie Cronin

Download or read book Reformers and Revolutionaries in Modern Iran written by Stephanie Cronin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors of this book undertake a fundamental reexamination and reappraisal of the phenomenon of leftist activism in Iran.

Iran Through the Looking Glass

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Iran Through the Looking Glass by :

Download or read book Iran Through the Looking Glass written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Women, Work and Islamism

Author : Maryam Poya
Publisher : Zed Books
ISBN 13 : 9781856496827
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (968 download)

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Book Synopsis Women, Work and Islamism by : Maryam Poya

Download or read book Women, Work and Islamism written by Maryam Poya and published by Zed Books. This book was released on 1999 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on original research into women's participation in the workforce, this book is the most up-to-date study of women in Iran available. The Islamisation of state and society which followed the 1979 revolution involved an attempt by the Islamic state to seclude women within the home. However, the power of the state was constrained by many factors - the Iran-Iraq war, economic restructuring - and women's own responses to oppression. In spite of continual attempts by the state to strengthen patriarchal relationships, women's participation in the labour force in 1999 is greater than it was before the revolution. Women's participation in both the economy and in political movements has led to a much greater level of gender consciousness in the 1990s than at the height of westernisation in the 1960s and 70s. Religious and secular women in urban areas have demanded reforms and forced the Islamic state to return to the position of the pre 1979 reforms. Providing a history of Iran, an introduction to Islamism and an analysis of the women and Islam debate, this book will be necessary reading for students and academics of Middle East studies, women's studies and labour studies.

God and Man in Tehran

Author : Hossein Kamaly
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231541082
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis God and Man in Tehran by : Hossein Kamaly

Download or read book God and Man in Tehran written by Hossein Kamaly and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In God and Man in Tehran, Hossein Kamaly explores the historical processes that have made and unmade contending visions of God in Iran’s capital throughout the past two hundred years. Kamaly examines how ideas of God have been mobilized, contested, and transformed, emphasizing how notions of the divine have given shape to and in turn have been shaped by divergent conceptualizations of nature, reason, law, morality, and authority. The book analyzes official government policies, modern textbooks, and university curricula; popular beliefs and ritual practices; and philosophical and juridical attitudes toward theological questions in traditional institutions. Kamaly considers continuity and change in religiosity under the Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties; the significance of outbreaks of messianic expectations; why a modernizing nation took a sudden turn toward state religiosity; and how the Islamic Republic deploys visions of God against foreign enemies and domestic critics. Beyond the majority Shia Muslim population, the book includes minority and suppressed voices. With a focus on the diversity of ideas of the divine, God and Man in Tehran offers a novel perspective on the intellectual movements that have shaped Iranian modernity.

Islam and Democracy in Iran

Author : Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780755609512
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam and Democracy in Iran by : Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari

Download or read book Islam and Democracy in Iran written by Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In today's world all eyes are on Iran, which has grappled with an experiment that has had a massive global impact. For some, the Iranian Revolution of 1978-79 was the triumph of a modern, political Islam, heralding Muslim justice and economic prosperity. Others, including many of the original revolutionaries, saw religious fanatics attempting to roll back time by creating a despotic theocracy. Either way, the Iranian Revolution changed the Muslim world. It not only inspired the Muslim masses but also reinvigorated intellectual debates on the nature and possibilities of an Islamic state. The new 'Islamic Republic of Iran' combined not just religion and the state, but theocracy and democracy. Yet the revolution's heirs were soon engaged in a protracted struggle over its legacy. Dissident thinkers, from within an Islamic framework, sought a rights-based political order that could accept dissent, tolerance, pluralism, women's rights and civil liberties. Their ideas led directly to the presidency of Mohammad Khatami and, despite their political failure, they did leave a permanent legacy by demystifying Iranian religious politics, and condemning the use of the Shariah to justify autocratic rule. This book tells the story of the reformist movement through the world of Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari. An active supporter of the revolution who became one of the most outspoken critics of theocracy, Eshkevari developed ideas of 'Islamic democratic government', which have attracted considerable attention in Iran and elsewhere. In presenting a selection of Eshkevari's writings, this book reveals the intellectual and political trajectory of a Muslim thinker and his attempts to reconcile Islam with reform and democracy. As such it makes a highly original contribution to our understanding of the difficult social and political issues confronting the Islamic world today."--Bloomsbury publishing.