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Shifting Us Cyber Strategy From Defense To Offense
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Book Synopsis Shifting U.S. Cyber Strategy from Defense to Offense by : Ryan Andrew Carey
Download or read book Shifting U.S. Cyber Strategy from Defense to Offense written by Ryan Andrew Carey and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is heavily reliant on information technology and cyberspace to function at the societal, economic, and military levels. As a consequence, the U.S. faces substantial threats from hostile foreign state and non-state actors conducting computer network exploitations of military and private-sector information networks, and disruptive or potentially destructive cyber network attacks. This thesis examines U.S. interests in cyberspace, the threat environment, legal issues, deterrence in cyberspace, and if a shift in balance towards a more offensive strategy for defending U.S. interests in cyberspace should be pursued. This thesis argues that the Department of Defense's current defensive deterrence-by-denial cyber strategy approach is not sufficient to deal with the current and projected cyber threat environment from state and non-state actors, such as China, Russia, rogue states, and terrorist groups. Instead, the U.S. should incorporate an offensive deterrence-by-punishment cyber component into its strategy. A deterrence-by-punishment strategy should include developing a credible offensive military cyber strategy, establishing a clear offensive cyber declaratory policy, and credible and effective offensive cyber and kinetic counterstrike capabilities for nation state and non-state actor cyber threats at the high-end of the cyber threat spectrum. For cyber threats at the lower-end of the cyber threat spectrum, the U.S. needs to develop and mature additional instruments of state power. This study counters claims that attribution capabilities in cyberspace are not mature enough to provide a clear and timely understanding of hostile cyber acts against U.S. Government and private-sector interests.
Book Synopsis Offensive and Defensive Security by : Harry I Nimon PhD PMP
Download or read book Offensive and Defensive Security written by Harry I Nimon PhD PMP and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2013-05-21 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous publications exist which examine elements of the security discipline. Few address these elements as a continuum of interrelated functions. None examine the structure of Offensive vice Defensive security in anything other than the domain of international security . This text has been written to fill this gap and to support a course in Offensive-Defensive Security, developed by Henley-Putnam University, which briefly reviews the history of the field of strategic security and its three component parts protection, intelligence, and counterterrorism as well as its two distinguishing characteristics: offensive tactics and operations combined with technological innovation. The course then moves to an in-depth assessment of related security areas that focus on defensive tactics and operations: homeland security, criminal justice, conflict and peace studies, and emergency management. While these fields may appear at first to be part of strategic security, this course and the associated text explores the critical differences and the fact that they are also critical elements of industrial, governmental, and military security. Emphasis will be placed at an introductory level both academic and professional distinctions and discuss the structures associated within these domains. The text is divided into the following key sections: Section 1: The Basics Section 2: The Environment Section 3: Security Planning and Management Section 1 provides an orientation for the reader to a common frame of reference through information provided in the following chapters. It is not intended to be a single source of all relevant information. Additionally, this text is not intended to be the exhaustive single source for all conditions. Rather, it provides a roadmap of considerations on how to reach a specific goal in an efficient and informed manner. Section 2 examines the world the security professional must inhabit, again, in a generalized manner and, likely, in a way never before considered. Elements of neurology, biology, physics, philosophy, logic, analytics, and finance are presented in a manner unique to the changing paradigm of Offensive-Defensive Security philosophy. The various chapters are labeled as terrains as the best representation of the environmental information to be discussed. Each will approach the topics in as clear a manner possible of current thinking and science within each as critical to the understanding of the total security environment; the how, why, and in what ways they will affect the world of this security paradigm. Finally, Section 3 incorporates the information of the first two sections and applies the knowledge gained to the planning and management of an integrated security plan. The objective of this section is to utilize the concepts and processes developed via international agencies such as the Project Management Institute to demonstrate how to create an integrated and manageable enterprise structure and not a one-size fits all template. As the knowledge consolidates, integration begins, that of incorporating the security entity into the enterprise as a whole be that enterprise be a business, government entity, or military operation. The only difference is the scale. This is a vital step in that the act of protection cannot interfere with the process of performing the enterprise function. In fact, it must enhance the enterprise function and assist in ensuring its success. Key Learning Points The approach and purpose of this text has been outlined. The following are the key reasons or learning points in summary. a. Define the key elements and environments within which the security plan and operational management activities must occur b. Familiarize the student with cultural, biological, financial, informational, and legal aspects necessary for the understanding of how these domains influence human behavior; the primary aspect of security planning and operations c. Familiarize the
Book Synopsis Cyber Analogies by : Department of Defense
Download or read book Cyber Analogies written by Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anthology of cyber analogies will resonate with readers whose duties call for them to set strategies to protect the virtual domain and determine the policies that govern it. Our belief it that learning is most effective when concepts under consideration can be aligned with already-existing understanding or knowledge. Cyber issues are inherently tough to explain in layman's terms. The future is always open and undetermined, and the numbers of actors and the complexity of their relations are too great to give definitive guidance about future developments. In this report, historical analogies, carefully developed and properly applied, help indicate a direction for action by reducing complexity and making the future at least cognately manageable. The Cyber Analogies Project was launched in 2012 to assist U.S. Cyber Command in identifying and developing relevant historical, economic, and other useful metaphors that could be used to enrich the discourse about cyber strategy, doctrine, and policy. The intent of the project is to provide useful insights, both for those with little technical background in or direct connection to cyberwar and cyber security and for those whose job it is to think about the spectrum of cyber-related issues every day. The project was conceived and carried out to help very senior, busy, responsible people understand topics and issues that are fast-moving and dynamic, and have potentially great consequences for society, security, and world affairs. The President has identified the cyber security threat as one of the most serious we face as a nation. Events in cyberspace continue to accelerate, as both nation-states and non-state actors seek to exploit asymmetrical advantages in this virtual domain. The risks and costs of failing to act skillfully and effectively are likely to be widespread, cascading, and almost surely highly disruptive. Many small-scale attacks can be-and are being- prevented; but a major, mass-disruptive attack is a growing possibility against which current defenses are inadequate. Cyber Analogies * The Cyber Pearl Harbor * Applying the Historical Lessons of Surprise Attack to the Cyber Domain: The Example of the United Kingdom * The Cyber Pearl Harbor Analogy: An Attacker's Perspective * "When the Urgency of Time and Circumstances Clearly Does Not Permit...": Redelegation in Nuclear and Cyber Scenarios * Comparing Airpower and Cyberpower * Active Cyber Defense: Applying Air Defense to the Cyber Domain * The Strategy of Economic Warfare: A Historical Case Study and Possible Analogy to Contemporary Cyber Warfare * Silicon Valley: Metaphor for Cybersecurity, Key to Understanding Innovation War * The Offense-Defense Balance and Cyber Warfare
Book Synopsis Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks by : National Research Council
Download or read book Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of increasing dependence on information technology, the prevention of cyberattacks on a nation's important computer and communications systems and networks is a problem that looms large. Given the demonstrated limitations of passive cybersecurity defense measures, it is natural to consider the possibility that deterrence might play a useful role in preventing cyberattacks against the United States and its vital interests. At the request of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the National Research Council undertook a two-phase project aimed to foster a broad, multidisciplinary examination of strategies for deterring cyberattacks on the United States and of the possible utility of these strategies for the U.S. government. The first phase produced a letter report providing basic information needed to understand the nature of the problem and to articulate important questions that can drive research regarding ways of more effectively preventing, discouraging, and inhibiting hostile activity against important U.S. information systems and networks. The second phase of the project entailed selecting appropriate experts to write papers on questions raised in the letter report. A number of experts, identified by the committee, were commissioned to write these papers under contract with the National Academy of Sciences. Commissioned papers were discussed at a public workshop held June 10-11, 2010, in Washington, D.C., and authors revised their papers after the workshop. Although the authors were selected and the papers reviewed and discussed by the committee, the individually authored papers do not reflect consensus views of the committee, and the reader should view these papers as offering points of departure that can stimulate further work on the topics discussed. The papers presented in this volume are published essentially as received from the authors, with some proofreading corrections made as limited time allowed.
Book Synopsis Strategic Shift, Appraising Recent Changes in U.S. Defense Plans and Priorities, 2013 by :
Download or read book Strategic Shift, Appraising Recent Changes in U.S. Defense Plans and Priorities, 2013 written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bytes, Bombs, and Spies by : Herbert Lin
Download or read book Bytes, Bombs, and Spies written by Herbert Lin and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “We are dropping cyber bombs. We have never done that before.”—U.S. Defense Department official A new era of war fighting is emerging for the U.S. military. Hi-tech weapons have given way to hi tech in a number of instances recently: A computer virus is unleashed that destroys centrifuges in Iran, slowing that country’s attempt to build a nuclear weapon. ISIS, which has made the internet the backbone of its terror operations, finds its network-based command and control systems are overwhelmed in a cyber attack. A number of North Korean ballistic missiles fail on launch, reportedly because their systems were compromised by a cyber campaign. Offensive cyber operations like these have become important components of U.S. defense strategy and their role will grow larger. But just what offensive cyber weapons are and how they could be used remains clouded by secrecy. This new volume by Amy Zegart and Herb Lin is a groundbreaking discussion and exploration of cyber weapons with a focus on their strategic dimensions. It brings together many of the leading specialists in the field to provide new and incisive analysis of what former CIA director Michael Hayden has called “digital combat power” and how the United States should incorporate that power into its national security strategy.
Book Synopsis Cyber Strategy by : Brandon Valeriano
Download or read book Cyber Strategy written by Brandon Valeriano and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some pundits claim cyber weaponry is the most important military innovation in decades, a transformative new technology that promises a paralyzing first-strike advantage difficult for opponents to deter. Yet, what is cyber strategy? How do actors use cyber capabilities to achieve a position of advantage against rival states? This book examines the emerging art of cyber strategy and its integration as part of a larger approach to coercion by states in the international system between 2000 and 2014. To this end, the book establishes a theoretical framework in the coercion literature for evaluating the efficacy of cyber operations. Cyber coercion represents the use of manipulation, denial, and punishment strategies in the digital frontier to achieve some strategic end. As a contemporary form of covert action and political warfare, cyber operations rarely produce concessions and tend to achieve only limited, signaling objectives. When cyber operations do produce concessions between rival states, they tend to be part of a larger integrated coercive strategy that combines network intrusions with other traditional forms of statecraft such as military threats, economic sanctions, and diplomacy. The books finds that cyber operations rarely produce concessions in isolation. They are additive instruments that complement traditional statecraft and coercive diplomacy. The book combines an analysis of cyber exchanges between rival states and broader event data on political, military, and economic interactions with case studies on the leading cyber powers: Russia, China, and the United States. The authors investigate cyber strategies in their integrated and isolated contexts, demonstrating that they are useful for maximizing informational asymmetries and disruptions, and thus are important, but limited coercive tools. This empirical foundation allows the authors to explore how leading actors employ cyber strategy and the implications for international relations in the 21st century. While most military plans involving cyber attributes remain highly classified, the authors piece together strategies based on observations of attacks over time and through the policy discussion in unclassified space. The result will be the first broad evaluation of the efficacy of various strategic options in a digital world.
Book Synopsis Strategic Cyber Security by : Kenneth Geers
Download or read book Strategic Cyber Security written by Kenneth Geers and published by Kenneth Geers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Escalation Dynamics in Cyberspace by : Erica D. Lonergan
Download or read book Escalation Dynamics in Cyberspace written by Erica D. Lonergan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To what extent do cyberspace operations increase the risks of escalation between nation-state rivals? Scholars and practitioners have been concerned about cyber escalation for decades, but the question remains hotly debated. The issue is increasingly important for international politics as more states develop and employ offensive cyber capabilities, and as the international system is increasingly characterized by emergent multipolarity. In Escalation Dynamics in Cyberspace, Erica D. Lonergan and Shawn W. Lonergan tackle this question head-on, presenting a comprehensive theory that explains the conditions under which cyber operations may lead to escalation. In doing so, they challenge long-held assumptions about strategic interactions in cyberspace, arguing that cyberspace is not as dangerous as the conventional wisdom might suggest. In some cases, cyber operations could even facilitate the de-escalation of international crises. To support their claims, Lonergan and Lonergan test their theory against a range of in-depth case studies, including strategic interactions between the United States and key rivals; a series of case studies of the role of cyber operations in international crises; and plausible future scenarios involving cyber operations during conflict. They then apply their analytical insights to policymaking, making the case that skepticism is warranted about the overall efficacy of employing cyber power for strategic ends. By exploring the role of cyber operations in routine competition, crises, and warfighting, Escalation Dynamics in Cyberspace presents nuanced insights about how cyberspace affects international politics.
Book Synopsis Cyberspace and National Security by : Derek S. Reveron
Download or read book Cyberspace and National Security written by Derek S. Reveron and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a very short time, individuals and companies have harnessed cyberspace to create new industries, a vibrant social space, and a new economic sphere that are intertwined with our everyday lives. At the same time, individuals, subnational groups, and governments are using cyberspace to advance interests through malicious activity. Terrorists recruit, train, and target through the Internet, hackers steal data, and intelligence services conduct espionage. Still, the vast majority of cyberspace is civilian space used by individuals, businesses, and governments for legitimate purposes. Cyberspace and National Security brings together scholars, policy analysts, and information technology executives to examine current and future threats to cyberspace. They discuss various approaches to advance and defend national interests, contrast the US approach with European, Russian, and Chinese approaches, and offer new ways and means to defend interests in cyberspace and develop offensive capabilities to compete there. Policymakers and strategists will find this book to be an invaluable resource in their efforts to ensure national security and answer concerns about future cyberwarfare.
Book Synopsis At the Nexus of Cybersecurity and Public Policy by : National Research Council
Download or read book At the Nexus of Cybersecurity and Public Policy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We depend on information and information technology (IT) to make many of our day-to-day tasks easier and more convenient. Computers play key roles in transportation, health care, banking, and energy. Businesses use IT for payroll and accounting, inventory and sales, and research and development. Modern military forces use weapons that are increasingly coordinated through computer-based networks. Cybersecurity is vital to protecting all of these functions. Cyberspace is vulnerable to a broad spectrum of hackers, criminals, terrorists, and state actors. Working in cyberspace, these malevolent actors can steal money, intellectual property, or classified information; impersonate law-abiding parties for their own purposes; damage important data; or deny the availability of normally accessible services. Cybersecurity issues arise because of three factors taken together - the presence of malevolent actors in cyberspace, societal reliance on IT for many important functions, and the presence of vulnerabilities in IT systems. What steps can policy makers take to protect our government, businesses, and the public from those would take advantage of system vulnerabilities? At the Nexus of Cybersecurity and Public Policy offers a wealth of information on practical measures, technical and nontechnical challenges, and potential policy responses. According to this report, cybersecurity is a never-ending battle; threats will evolve as adversaries adopt new tools and techniques to compromise security. Cybersecurity is therefore an ongoing process that needs to evolve as new threats are identified. At the Nexus of Cybersecurity and Public Policy is a call for action to make cybersecurity a public safety priority. For a number of years, the cybersecurity issue has received increasing public attention; however, most policy focus has been on the short-term costs of improving systems. In its explanation of the fundamentals of cybersecurity and the discussion of potential policy responses, this book will be a resource for policy makers, cybersecurity and IT professionals, and anyone who wants to understand threats to cyberspace.
Book Synopsis Cyberpower and National Security by : Franklin D. Kramer
Download or read book Cyberpower and National Security written by Franklin D. Kramer and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2009 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book creates a framework for understanding and using cyberpower in support of national security. Cyberspace and cyberpower are now critical elements of international security. United States needs a national policy which employs cyberpower to support its national security interests.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309494508 Total Pages :99 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Implications of Artificial Intelligence for Cybersecurity by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Implications of Artificial Intelligence for Cybersecurity written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-01-27 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, interest and progress in the area of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have boomed, with new applications vigorously pursued across many sectors. At the same time, the computing and communications technologies on which we have come to rely present serious security concerns: cyberattacks have escalated in number, frequency, and impact, drawing increased attention to the vulnerabilities of cyber systems and the need to increase their security. In the face of this changing landscape, there is significant concern and interest among policymakers, security practitioners, technologists, researchers, and the public about the potential implications of AI and ML for cybersecurity. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on March 12-13, 2019 to discuss and explore these concerns. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis Moving Target Defense by : Sushil Jajodia
Download or read book Moving Target Defense written by Sushil Jajodia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moving Target Defense: Creating Asymmetric Uncertainty for Cyber Threats was developed by a group of leading researchers. It describes the fundamental challenges facing the research community and identifies new promising solution paths. Moving Target Defense which is motivated by the asymmetric costs borne by cyber defenders takes an advantage afforded to attackers and reverses it to advantage defenders. Moving Target Defense is enabled by technical trends in recent years, including virtualization and workload migration on commodity systems, widespread and redundant network connectivity, instruction set and address space layout randomization, just-in-time compilers, among other techniques. However, many challenging research problems remain to be solved, such as the security of virtualization infrastructures, secure and resilient techniques to move systems within a virtualized environment, automatic diversification techniques, automated ways to dynamically change and manage the configurations of systems and networks, quantification of security improvement, potential degradation and more. Moving Target Defense: Creating Asymmetric Uncertainty for Cyber Threats is designed for advanced -level students and researchers focused on computer science, and as a secondary text book or reference. Professionals working in this field will also find this book valuable.
Download or read book Cyber War written by Richard A. Clarke and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2010-04-02 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential, eye-opening book about cyberterrorism, cyber war, and the next great threat to our national security. “Cyber War may be the most important book about national security policy in the last several years.” –Slate Former presidential advisor and counter-terrorism expert Richard A. Clarke sounds a timely and chilling warning about America’s vulnerability in a terrifying new international conflict. Cyber War is a powerful book about technology, government, and military strategy; about criminals, spies, soldiers, and hackers. It explains clearly and convincingly what cyber war is, and how vulnerable we are as a nation and as individuals to the vast and looming web of cyber criminals. Every concerned American should read this startling and explosive book that offers an insider’s view of White House ‘Situation Room’ operations and carries the reader to the frontlines of our cyber defense. Cyber War exposes a virulent threat to our nation’s security.
Book Synopsis The United States' Defend Forward Cyber Strategy by : Jack Goldsmith
Download or read book The United States' Defend Forward Cyber Strategy written by Jack Goldsmith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defend Forward and persistent engagement / Gary P. Corn and Emily Goldman -- Scenarios for Defend Forward / Gary P. Corn and Peter Renals -- US Cyber Command's first decade / Michael Warner -- The domestic legal framework for US military cyber operations / Robert M. Chesney -- Cyberattacks and constitutional powers / Matthew C. Waxman -- Defend forward and the FBI / James Baker and Matt Morris -- Defend Forward and sovereignty / Jack Goldsmith and Alex Loomis -- Defend Forward and cyber countermeasures / Ashley Deeks -- Covert deception, strategic fraud, and the rule of prohibited intervention / Gary P. Corn -- Due diligence and Defend Forward / Eric Talbot Jensen and Sean Watts -- Defend Forward and attribution / Kristen E. Eichensehr -- Persistent aggrandizement and Israel's cyber defense architecture / Elena Chachko -- Adapting to the cyber domain : Comparing US and UK institutional, legal, and policy innovations / Robert M. Chesney.
Book Synopsis Offensive Cyber Operations by : Daniel Moore
Download or read book Offensive Cyber Operations written by Daniel Moore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-01 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyber-warfare is often discussed, but rarely truly seen. When does an intrusion turn into an attack, and what does that entail? How do nations fold offensive cyber operations into their strategies? Operations against networks mostly occur to collect intelligence, in peacetime. Understanding the lifecycle and complexity of targeting adversary networks is key to doing so effectively in conflict. Rather than discussing the spectre of cyber war, Daniel Moore seeks to observe the spectrum of cyber operations. By piecing together operational case studies, military strategy and technical analysis, he shows that modern cyber operations are neither altogether unique, nor entirely novel. Offensive cyber operations are the latest incarnation of intangible warfare--conflict waged through non-physical means, such as the information space or the electromagnetic spectrum. Not all offensive operations are created equal. Some are slow-paced, clandestine infiltrations requiring discipline and patience for a big payoff; others are short-lived attacks meant to create temporary tactical disruptions. This book first seeks to understand the possibilities, before turning to look at some of the most prolific actors: the United States, Russia, China and Iran. Each has their own unique take, advantages and challenges when attacking networks for effect.
