Sex And The Developing Brain

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Sex and the Developing Brain

Author : Margaret McCarthy
Publisher : Biota Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1615040625
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex and the Developing Brain by : Margaret McCarthy

Download or read book Sex and the Developing Brain written by Margaret McCarthy and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brains of males and females, men and women, are different—that is a fact. What is debated is how different and how important those differences are. Sex differences in the brain are determined by genetics, hormones, and experience, which in humans includes culture, society, and parental and peer expectations. The importance of nonbiological variables to sex differences in humans is paramount, making it difficult if not impossible to parse out those contributions that are truly biological. The study of animals provides us the opportunity to understand the magnitude and scope of biologically based sex differences in the brain and understanding the cellular mechanisms provides us insight into novel sources of brain plasticity. Many sex differences are established during a developmental sensitive window by differences in the hormonal milieu of males versus females. The neonatal testis produces large amounts of testosterone, which gains access to the brain and is further metabolized into active androgens and estrogens, which modify brain development. Major parameters that are influenced by hormones include neurogenesis, cell death, neurochemical phenotype, axonal and dendritic growth, and synaptogenesis. Variance in these parameters results in sex differences in the size of particular brain regions, the projections between brain regions, and the number and type of synapses within particular brain regions. The cellular mechanisms are both region and endpoint specific and invoke many surprising systems such as prostaglandins, endocannabinoids, and cell death proteins. By understanding when, why, and how sex differences in the brain are established, we may also learn the source of strong gender biases in the relative risk and severity of numerous neurological diseases and disorders of mental health, including but not limited to autism, dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, and major depressive disorder.

Sex and the Developing Brain

Author : Margaret M. McCarthy
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1615040609
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex and the Developing Brain by : Margaret M. McCarthy

Download or read book Sex and the Developing Brain written by Margaret M. McCarthy and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brains of males and females, men and women, are different-that is a fact. What is debated is how different and how important those differences are. Sex differences in the brain are determined by genetics, hormones, and experience, which in humans includes culture, society, and parental and peer expectations. The importance of nonbiological variables to sex differences in humans is paramount, making it difficult if not impossible to parse out those contributions that are truly biological. The study of animals provides us the opportunity to understand the magnitude and scope of biologically based sex differences in the brain and understanding the cellular mechanisms provides us insight into novel sources of brain plasticity. Many sex differences are established during a developmental sensitive window by differences in the hormonal milieu of males versus females. The neonatal testis produces large amounts of testosterone, which gains access to the brain and is further metabolized into active androgens and estrogens, which modify brain development. Major parameters that are influenced by hormones include neurogenesis, cell death, neurochemical phenotype, axonal and dendritic growth, and synaptogenesis. Variance in these parameters results in sex differences in the size of particular brain regions, the projections between brain regions, and the number and type of synapses within particular brain regions. The cellular mechanisms are both region and endpoint specific and invoke many surprising systems such as prostaglandins, endocannabinoids, and cell death proteins. By understanding when, why, and how sex differences in the brain are established, we may also learn the source of strong gender biases in the relative risk and severity of numerous neurological diseases and disorders of mental health, including but not limited to autism, dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, and maj

Sex and the Brain

Author : Gillian Einstein
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262050870
Total Pages : 853 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex and the Brain by : Gillian Einstein

Download or read book Sex and the Brain written by Gillian Einstein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007-10-19 with total page 853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of foundational texts on the nature and behavioral consequences of sex differences in the brain, allowing readers to follow the development of a rapidly growing but contentious field and giving them the tools to analyze emerging scientific findings from many perspectives. This collection of foundational papers on sex differences in the brain traces the development of a much-invoked, fast-growing young field at the intersection of brain and behavior. The reader is introduced to the meaning and nature of sexual dimorphisms, the mechanisms and consequences of steroid hormone action, and the impact of the field on interpretations of sexuality and gender. Building on each other in point-counterpoint fashion, the papers tell a fascinating story of an emerging science working out its core assumptions. Experimental and theoretical papers, woven together by editor's introductions, open a window onto knowledge in the making and a vigorous debate between reductionist and pluralist interpreters. Five major sections include papers on conceptual and methodological background, central nervous system dimorphisms, mechanisms for creating dimorphisms, dimorphisms and cognition, and dimorphisms and identity. Each section builds from basic concepts to early experiments, from experimental models to humans, and from molecules to mind. Papers by such leading scholars as Arthur Arnold, Frank Beach, Anne Fausto-Sterling, Patricia Goldman-Rakic, Doreen Kimura, Simon LeVay, Bruce McEwen, Michael Merzenich, Bertram O'Malley, Geoffrey Raisman, and Dick Swaab, illustrate a rich blend of perspectives, approaches, methods, and findings. Sex and the Brain will show students how a scientific paper can be analyzed from many perspectives, and supply them with critical tools for judging a rapidly emerging science in a contentious area.

Sex and the brain

Author : Jo Durden-Smith
Publisher : Arbor House Pub Co
ISBN 13 : 9780877954842
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (548 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex and the brain by : Jo Durden-Smith

Download or read book Sex and the brain written by Jo Durden-Smith and published by Arbor House Pub Co. This book was released on 1983 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between the human brain and sexuality analyzes the roots and causes of male and female sexual behavior, abilities, pleasures, and skills and discusses the nature of gender

Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System

Author : Rebecca M. Shansky
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128021985
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System by : Rebecca M. Shansky

Download or read book Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System written by Rebecca M. Shansky and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-14 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System offers a comprehensive examination of the current state of sex differences research, from both the basic science and clinical research perspectives. Given the current NIH directive that funded preclinical research must consider both females and males, this topic is of interest to an increasing percentage of the neuroscience research population. The volume serves as an invaluable resource, offering coverage of a wide range of topics: sex differences in cognition, learning, and memory, sex hormone signaling mechanisms, neuroimmune interactions, epigenetics, social behavior, neurologic disease, psychological disorders, and stress. Discussions of research in both animal models and human patient populations are included. Details how sex hormones have widespread effects on the nervous system and influence the way males and females function Assists readers in determining how sex impacts their research and practice, and assists in determining how to adjust research programs to incorporate sex influences Includes discussions of research in both animal models and human patient populations, and at various developmental stages Features revised and updated chapters by leaders in the field around the globe—the broadest, most expert coverage available

Brain Storm

Author : Rebecca M. Jordan-Young
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674058798
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Storm by : Rebecca M. Jordan-Young

Download or read book Brain Storm written by Rebecca M. Jordan-Young and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-01-07 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Female and male brains are different, thanks to hormones coursing through the brain before birth. That’s taught as fact in psychology textbooks, academic journals, and bestselling books. And these hardwired differences explain everything from sexual orientation to gender identity, to why there aren’t more women physicists or more stay-at-home dads. In this compelling book, Rebecca Jordan-Young takes on the evidence that sex differences are hardwired into the brain. Analyzing virtually all published research that supports the claims of “human brain organization theory,” Jordan-Young reveals how often these studies fail the standards of science. Even if careful researchers point out the limits of their own studies, other researchers and journalists can easily ignore them because brain organization theory just sounds so right. But if a series of methodological weaknesses, questionable assumptions, inconsistent definitions, and enormous gaps between ambiguous findings and grand conclusions have accumulated through the years, then science isn’t scientific at all. Elegantly written, this book argues passionately that the analysis of gender differences deserves far more rigorous, biologically sophisticated science. “The evidence for hormonal sex differentiation of the human brain better resembles a hodge-podge pile than a solid structure...Once we have cleared the rubble, we can begin to build newer, more scientific stories about human development.”

Sex on the Brain

Author : Deborah Blum
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 9780140263480
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (634 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex on the Brain by : Deborah Blum

Download or read book Sex on the Brain written by Deborah Blum and published by Penguin. This book was released on 1998-07-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Go beyond the headlines and the hype to get the newest findings in the burgeoning field of gender studies. Drawing on disciplines that include evolutionary science, anthropology, animal behavior, neuroscience, psychology, and endocrinology, Deborah Blum explores matters ranging from the link between immunology and sex to male/female gossip styles. The results are intriguing, startling, and often very amusing. For instance, did you know that. . . • Male testosterone levels drop in happy marriages; scientists speculate that women may use monogamy to control male behavior • Young female children who are in day-care are apt to be more secure than those kept at home; young male children less so • Anthropologists classify Western societies as "mildly polygamous" The Los Angeles Times has called Sex on the Brain "superbly crafted science writing, graced by unusual compassion, wit, and intelligence, that forms an important addition to the literature of gender studies."

Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior

Author : Cynthia L. Jordan
Publisher : Perspectives Cshl
ISBN 13 : 9781621823971
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior by : Cynthia L. Jordan

Download or read book Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior written by Cynthia L. Jordan and published by Perspectives Cshl. This book was released on 2022-07-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The extent to which there are differences between the sexes is an area of interest to physiologists, neuroscientists, and clinicians, as well as social scientists and the general public. This book examines recent research on the biological basis of sex differences, including differences in the brain, behavior, the immune system, and disease states"--

Sex in the Brain

Author : Amee Baird
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 023155155X
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex in the Brain by : Amee Baird

Download or read book Sex in the Brain written by Amee Baird and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What controls our sex lives? Our brains. Yet there is surprisingly little research into how our brains influence one of the most fundamental of all human behaviors. And there is even less understanding of what can happen to the sexuality of a person who suffers a brain injury or illness such as a stroke, Parkinson’s disease, or dementia. In Sex in the Brain, clinical neuropsychologist Amee Baird explores fascinating case studies of dramatic changes in sexual behavior and explains what these exceptional stories have to say about human sexuality. She illuminates the extraordinary insights into how the brain works that injury or disease can divulge. Each chapter includes striking personal accounts, many from individuals Baird has met in her clinical practice, of unexpected shifts in sexuality. Until now these fascinating, frightening, and funny stories have been hidden in medical journals or untold outside of the clinical setting. This revealing and sometimes heartbreaking book unfolds a better understanding of the links between brain function and our sexual selves.

Hooked

Author : Joe S. McIlhaney, Jr.
Publisher : Moody Publishers
ISBN 13 : 0802497306
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Hooked by : Joe S. McIlhaney, Jr.

Download or read book Hooked written by Joe S. McIlhaney, Jr. and published by Moody Publishers. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How sex is rewiring your brain—for good and for bad What does a three-pound brain have to do with one’s sex life? A lot, actually. Hooked is about what’s happening to your brain when you’re having sex. With scientific data put in layman’s terms, this book demonstrates that: Sexual activity releases chemicals in the brain, creating emotional bonds between partners. This is great news for marriages! Once formed, however, breaking these bonds can have damaging effects on the brain such as depression and difficulty bonding with someone else in the future. The continual forming and breaking of these bonds can have permanent effects on a person’s brain. PLUS! This updated edition also includes a brand new chapter about the effects of pornography on the brain. All this data about bonding, sex, and pornography has important implications in a casual sex culture. Regardless of what we wish were true, the facts tell us “safe sex” isn't as safe as it seems. Learn about your brain, the positive effects of sex within permanently committed relationships, and how you can protect yourself (especially your brain) from the dangers of casual sex.

Sexing the Brain

Author : Lesley J. Rogers
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231120111
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexing the Brain by : Lesley J. Rogers

Download or read book Sexing the Brain written by Lesley J. Rogers and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How much of sexual diversity is the result of nature versus nurture? Prevailing theories today lean heavily toward nature. Now a leading researcher in neuroscience and animal behavior shows how, in recent history, scientific claims about sex and gender differences have reflected the culture of the time. Although the conviction that genetics can explain everything is now widespread, the author demonstrates the interaction of culture and environment in the formation of behavioral traits and so provides an important corrective to popular notions of reductionism. Starting with a summary of sex and gender studies, Rogers explains the error of sex biasing, especially the once-assumed inferiority of women. She then addresses several modern studies and investigations, some of which assert that sex and gender differences are the product of genetic inheritance and hormones. Rogers uses laboratory evidence from studies of animals that help illustrate the biologically fluid properties of sex and gender. Sexing the Brain addresses a variety of topical questions: Are there sex differences in how we think and feel? Is language processed in different parts of the brain in men and women? Do social influences have a stronger influence on sexual behavior than sex hormone levels? Rogers concludes that "our biology does not bind us to remain the same.... We have the ability to change, and the future of sex differences belongs to us."

Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309132978
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (329 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-02 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's obvious why only men develop prostate cancer and why only women get ovarian cancer. But it is not obvious why women are more likely to recover language ability after a stroke than men or why women are more apt to develop autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Sex differences in health throughout the lifespan have been documented. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health begins to snap the pieces of the puzzle into place so that this knowledge can be used to improve health for both sexes. From behavior and cognition to metabolism and response to chemicals and infectious organisms, this book explores the health impact of sex (being male or female, according to reproductive organs and chromosomes) and gender (one's sense of self as male or female in society). Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health discusses basic biochemical differences in the cells of males and females and health variability between the sexes from conception throughout life. The book identifies key research needs and opportunities and addresses barriers to research. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health will be important to health policy makers, basic, applied, and clinical researchers, educators, providers, and journalists-while being very accessible to interested lay readers.

The Sexual Brain

Author : Simon LeVay
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262620932
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sexual Brain by : Simon LeVay

Download or read book The Sexual Brain written by Simon LeVay and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1994-07-25 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the same clarity, directness, and humor that have made Simon LeVay one of the most popular lecturers at Harvard Medical School and at the University of California, San Diego, The Sexual Brain examines the biological roots of human sexual behavior. It puts forward the compelling case that the diversity of human sexual feelings and behavior can best be understood in terms of the development, structure, and function of the brain circuits that produce them. Discarding all preconceptions about the motivation and purpose of sexuality, LeVay discusses the scientific evidence bearing on such questions as why we are sexual animals, what the brain mechanisms are that produce sexual behavior, how these mechanisms differ between men and women and how these differences develop, and finally, what determines a person's sexual orientation: genes, prenatal events, family environment, or early sexual experiences? The Sexual Brain is broad in scope, covering evolutionary theory, molecular genetics, endocrinology, brain structure and function, cognitive psychology, and development. It is unified by LeVay's thesis that human sexual behavior, in all its diversity, is rooted in biological mechanisms that can be explored by laboratory science. The book does not shy away from the complexities of the field, but it can be readily appreciated and enjoyed by anyone with an intelligent interest in sex.

The Cambridge Handbook of the International Psychology of Women

Author : Fanny M. Cheung
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108602185
Total Pages : 1524 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of the International Psychology of Women by : Fanny M. Cheung

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of the International Psychology of Women written by Fanny M. Cheung and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 1524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing knowledge base in understanding the differences and similarities between women and men, as well as the diversities among women and sexualities. Although genetic and biological characteristics define human beings conventionally as women and men, their experiences are contextualized in multiple dimensions in terms of gender, sexuality, class, age, ethnicity, and other social dimensions. Beyond the biological and genetic basis of gender differences, gender intersects with culture and other social locations which affect the socialization and development of women across their life span. This handbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date resource to understand the intersectionality of gender differences, to dispel myths, and to examine gender-relevant as well as culturally relevant implications and appropriate interventions. Featuring a truly international mix of contributors, and incorporating cross-cultural research and comparative perspectives, this handbook will inform mainstream psychology of the international literature on the psychology of women and gender.

Brain Gender

Author : Melissa Hines
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199731004
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Gender by : Melissa Hines

Download or read book Brain Gender written by Melissa Hines and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-04-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do biological factors, such as gonadal hormones, determine our sexual destiny after our genes are in place? Do they make men aggressive, or women nurturing? Do they cause boys and girls to play differently or to have different interests? Do they explain differences in sexual orientation within each sex group? Do they contribute to the preponderance of men in science or women at home? Scientists working from a psychosocial perspective would answer these questions differently than those working from a behavioral neuroscience or neuroendocrinological perspective. This book brings both of these perspectives to bear on the questions, tracing the factors that influence the brain, beginning with testosterone and other hormones during prenatal life, and continuing through changing life situations and experiences that can sculpt the brain and its activity, even in adulthood. This influence has important implications for understanding the social roles of men and women in society, the different educational and emotional issues that confront males and females, the legal rights of those whose sexual orientation or gender identity do not correspond to norms, and even standards of clinical care for people born with physical intersex conditions that make it difficult to classify a person as male or female at birth. This original and accessible book will be of interest to psychologists, neuroscientists, pediatricians, and educators, as well as the general public. It is also suitable for use in graduate and undergraduate courses on the psychology of gender or on hormones and behavior.

Brainsex

Author : Anne Moir
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 9780749305253
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Brainsex by : Anne Moir

Download or read book Brainsex written by Anne Moir and published by Vintage. This book was released on 1989 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Gendered Brain

Author : Gina Rippon
Publisher : Arrow
ISBN 13 : 9781784706814
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gendered Brain by : Gina Rippon

Download or read book The Gendered Brain written by Gina Rippon and published by Arrow. This book was released on 2020-02-13 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barbie or Lego? Reading maps or reading emotions? Do you have a female brain or a male brain? Or is that the wrong question? On a daily basis we face deeply ingrained beliefs that our sex determines our skills and preferences, from toys and colours to career choice and salaries. But what does this mean for our thoughts, decisions and behaviour? Using the latest cutting-edge neuroscience, Gina Rippon unpacks the stereotypes that bombard us from our earliest moments and shows how these messages mould our ideas of ourselves and even shape our brains. Rigorous, timely and liberating, The Gendered Brain has huge repercussions for women and men, for parents and children, and for how we identify ourselves. 'Highly accessible... Revolutionary to a glorious degree' Observer