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Sessile Water Droplets Equilibrium And Evaporation
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Book Synopsis Sessile Water Droplets: Equilibrium and Evaporation by : Hadi Ghasemi
Download or read book Sessile Water Droplets: Equilibrium and Evaporation written by Hadi Ghasemi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The zeta-adsorption isotherm was used along with Gibbsian thermodynamics to determine an expression for the surface tension of solid-vapour interface. This expression was examined at low pressures to predict the surface tension of solids in the absence of adsorption, gammaS 0. The method indicated the same value of gammaS 0 for a solid using different vapour adsorption isotherms. A method based on the system stability was developed to predict the contact angle. The findings indicated that the contact angle is a thermodynamic property which depends on the state of the system. Furthermore, the dependence of contact angle on the curvature of three-phase contact line was described by the adsorption at the solid-liquid interface without the introduction of line tension.The energy transport mechanisms during steady-state evaporation of water-sessile droplets were studied. By suppressing the buoyancy-driven convection, the active modes of energy transport were thermal conduction and thermocapillary convection. The experiments on Cu, Au (111) and PDMS showed that the dominant mode of energy transport varies along the liquid-vapor interface. Near the droplet apex, thermal conduction provides enough energy for the evaporation. However, close to three-phase contact line where most of the evaporation occurs, thermocapillary convection is by far the dominant mode of energy transport. In the evaporation experiments on PDMS, the measured directions of thermocapillary convection were opposite of the predicted ones by other studies, since the energy carried by thermocapillary convection was neglected in the previous studies.The study was followed by examination of temperature boundary condition and energy transport at the solid-liquid interface. It was concluded that there is an adsorbed layer at the solid-liquid interface with different thermal properties compared to those of bulk liquid phase. This layer causes a resistance (Kapitsa resistance) and consequently a temperature discontinuity at the adsorbed layer-bulk liquid interface. Due to the high resistance at this interface, only a small portion of energy conducted by solid substrate enters directly to the bulk liquid phase. The remainder was transported through the adsorbed layer to the three-phase contact line. This energy was then distributed along the liquid-vapour interface by thermocapillary convection to be consumed by the evaporation process.
Book Synopsis Droplet Wetting and Evaporation by : David Brutin
Download or read book Droplet Wetting and Evaporation written by David Brutin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Droplet Wetting and Evaporation provides engineers, students, and researchers with the first comprehensive guide to the theory and applications of droplet wetting and evaporation. Beginning with a relevant theoretical background, the book moves on to consider specific aspects, including heat transfer, flow instabilities, and the drying of complex fluid droplets. Each chapter covers the principles of the subject, addressing corresponding practical issues and problems. The text is ideal for a broad range of domains, from aerospace and materials, to biomedical applications, comprehensively relaying the challenges and approaches from the different communities leading the way in droplet research and development. Provides a broad, cross-subject coverage of theory and application that is ideal for engineers, students and researchers who need to follow all major developments in this interdisciplinary field Includes comprehensive discussions of heat transfer, flow instabilities, and the drying of complex fluid droplets Begins with an accessible summary of fundamental theory before moving on to specific areas such as heat transfer, flow instabilities, and the drying of complex fluid droplets
Book Synopsis Lectures On Phase Transitions And The Renormalization Group by : Nigel Goldenfeld
Download or read book Lectures On Phase Transitions And The Renormalization Group written by Nigel Goldenfeld and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the elementary aspects of the physics of phases transitions and the renormalization group, this popular book is widely used both for core graduate statistical mechanics courses as well as for more specialized courses. Emphasizing understanding and clarity rather than technical manipulation, these lectures de-mystify the subject and show precisely "how things work." Goldenfeld keeps in mind a reader who wants to understand why things are done, what the results are, and what in principle can go wrong. The book reaches both experimentalists and theorists, students and even active researchers, and assumes only a prior knowledge of statistical mechanics at the introductory graduate level.Advanced, never-before-printed topics on the applications of renormalization group far from equilibrium and to partial differential equations add to the uniqueness of this book.
Book Synopsis The Evaporation of Sessile Droplets. 1. Theoretical Factors for a Two- Component System by :
Download or read book The Evaporation of Sessile Droplets. 1. Theoretical Factors for a Two- Component System written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental principles that need to be included in any analysis of the evaporation of a sessile droplet of a two-component solution are provided in this report. The equations needed to calculate the behavior of a sessile droplet of a two-component solution are integrated into a model. A computer program is provided, and a calculation with the model is compared with data for a sessile water droplet on an aluminum surface. Keywords: Hildebrand parameter; Activity coefficients; Partial vapor pressures; Solutions; Water; Surface chemistry; Sessile droplet; Evaporation. (jhd).
Download or read book Electrowetting written by Frieder Mugele and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting from the basic principles of wetting, electrowetting and fluid dynamics all the way up to those engineering aspects relevant for the development of specific devices, this is a comprehensive introduction and overview of the theoretical and practical aspects. Written by two of the most knowledgeable experts in the field, the text covers both current as well as possible future applications, providing basic working principles of lab-on-a-chip devices and such optofluidic devices as adaptive lenses and optical switches. Furthermore, novel e-paper display technology, energy harvesting and supercapacitors as well as electrowetting in the nano-world are discussed. Finally, the book contains a series of exercises and questions for use in courses on microfluidics or electrowetting. With its all-encompassing scope, this book will equally serve the growing community of students and academic and industrial researchers as both an introduction and a standard reference.
Book Synopsis Evaporation of a Sessile Droplet on a Slope by :
Download or read book Evaporation of a Sessile Droplet on a Slope written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : We theoretically examine the drying of a stationary liquid droplet on an inclined surface. Both analytical and numerical approaches are considered, while assuming that the evaporation results from a purely diffusive transport of the liquid vapor and that the contact line is a pinned circle. For the purposes of our analytical calculations, we suppose that the effect of gravity relative to the surface tension is weak, i.e. the Bond number (Bo) is small. Then, we express the shape of the drop and the vapor concentration field as perturbation expansions in terms of Bo. When the Bond number is zero, the droplet is unperturbed by the effect of gravity and takes the form of a spherical cap, for which the vapor concentration field is already known. Here, the Young-Laplace equation is solved analytically to calculate the first-order correction to the shape of the drop. Knowing the first-order perturbation to the drop geometry and the zeroth-order distribution of vapor concentration, we obtain the leading-order contribution of gravity to the rate of droplet evaporation by utilizing Green's second identity. The analytical results are supplemented by numerical calculations, where the droplet shape is first determined by minimizing the Helmholtz free energy, then the evaporation rate is computed by solving Laplace's equation for the vapor concentration field via a finite volume method. Perhaps counter-intuitively, we find that even when the droplet deforms noticeably under the influence of gravity, the rate of evaporation remains almost unchanged, as if no gravitational effect is present. Furthermore, comparison between analytical and numerical calculations reveals that considering only the leading order corrections to the shape of the droplet and vapor concentration distribution provides estimates that are valid well beyond their intended limit of very small Bo.
Book Synopsis Self-Cleaning of Surfaces and Water Droplet Mobility by : Bekir Sami Yilbas
Download or read book Self-Cleaning of Surfaces and Water Droplet Mobility written by Bekir Sami Yilbas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-Cleaning of Surfaces and Water Droplet Mobility deals with the self-cleaning of hydrophobic surfaces. Chapters cover the basics of wetting states of fluids and surface characteristics in terms of texture topology and free energy. The self-cleaning aspects of surfaces, such as various synthesizing and fabrication processes are then introduced and discussed, along with environmental dust properties, including elemental compositions, particle sizes and shapes, and their chemo-mechanics characteristics. In addition, mud formation in humid air, as well as ambient and dry mud adhesion on optically transparent surfaces is explored, as is water droplet dynamics on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces, amongst other topics. The book fills the gap between the physical fundamentals of surface energy and texture characteristics for practical applications of surface cleaning and provides a basic understanding of the self-cleaning of surfaces that will be idea for academics, researchers and students. Showcases the fundamental aspects of the self-cleaning of surfaces Includes practical applications in energy and other sectors Contains a review of the characterization of environmental dust on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces Discusses the fabrication and optimization of surfaces towards self-cleaning Presents practical applications of the self-cleaning of surfaces via water droplet mobility
Book Synopsis Computer Simulations of Evaporation of Sessile Liquid Droplets on Solid Substrates by : Sergey Semenov
Download or read book Computer Simulations of Evaporation of Sessile Liquid Droplets on Solid Substrates written by Sergey Semenov and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Present work is focused on the numerical study of evaporation of sessile liquid droplets on top of smooth solid substrates. The process of evaporation of a sessile liquid droplet has lots of different applications both in industry and research area. This process has been under study for many years, and still it is an actual problem, solution of which can give answers on some fundamental and practical questions. Instantaneous distribution of mass and heat fluxes inside and outside of an evaporating sessile droplet is studied in this research using computer simulations. The deduced dependences of instantaneous fluxes are applied for self-consistent calculations of time evolution of evaporating sessile droplets. The proposed theory of evaporating sessile droplets of liquid has been validated against available experimental data, and has shown a good agreement. Evaporation of surfactant solution droplets is studied experimentally. The theory, proposed for two stages of evaporation, fits experimental data well. An additional evaporation stage, specific for surfactant solutions, is observed and described. Mathematical modelling of this stage requires further research on surfactant adsorption and its influence on the value of receding contact angle. Numerical study of the evaporation of microdroplets is conducted in order to evaluate the significance of different evaporation mechanisms (diffusive and kinetic models of evaporation) and different physical phenomena (Kelvin s equation, latent heat of vaporization, thermal Marangoni convection, Stefan flow).
Book Synopsis Drop Dynamics and Dropwise Condensation on Textured Surfaces by : Sameer Khandekar
Download or read book Drop Dynamics and Dropwise Condensation on Textured Surfaces written by Sameer Khandekar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-11 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an expanded form of the monograph, Dropwise Condensation on Inclined Textured Surfaces, Springer, 2013, published earlier by the authors, wherein a mathematical model for dropwise condensation of pure vapor over inclined textured surfaces was presented, followed by simulations and comparison with experiments. The model factored in several details of the overall quasi-cyclic process but approximated those at the scale of individual drops. In the last five years, drop level dynamics over hydrophobic surfaces have been extensively studied. These results can now be incorporated in the dropwise condensation model. Dropwise condensation is an efficient route to heat transfer and is often encountered in major power generation applications. Drops are also formed during condensation in distillation devices that work with diverse fluids ranging from water to liquid metals. Design of such equipment requires careful understanding of the condensation cycle, starting from the birth of nuclei, followed by molecular clusters, direct growth of droplets, their coalescence, all the way to instability and fall-off of condensed drops. The model described here considers these individual steps of the condensation cycle. Additional discussions include drop shape determination under static conditions, a fundamental study of drop spreading in sessile and pendant configurations, and the details of the drop coalescence phenomena. These are subsequently incorporated in the condensation model and their consequences are examined. As the mathematical model is spread over multiple scales of length and time, a parallelization approach to simulation is presented. Special topics include three-phase contact line modeling, surface preparation techniques, fundamentals of evaporation and evaporation rates of a single liquid drop, and measurement of heat transfer coefficient during large-scale condensation of water vapor. We hope that this significantly expanded text meets the expectations of design engineers, analysts, and researchers working in areas related to phase-change phenomena and heat transfer.
Book Synopsis Ring Droplet Formation During Evaporation of a Sessile Water Droplet on a Biphilic Surface by : 李政翰
Download or read book Ring Droplet Formation During Evaporation of a Sessile Water Droplet on a Biphilic Surface written by 李政翰 and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wettability and Evaporation of Sessile Drops of Biological Fluids by : Wassim Bou-Zeid
Download or read book Wettability and Evaporation of Sessile Drops of Biological Fluids written by Wassim Bou-Zeid and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spreading/evaporation process of droplets over solid surfaces is a fundamental process and a wide research field because of number of applications in printing, micro-electronics, DNA analysis and even in biomedical. This experimental work aims to investigate the effect of relative humidity on the contact line dynamics, on the evaporation dynamics and on the final pattern of a drop of whole human blood. The spreading of a pure fluid model that has the same physical properties as human blood was studied and compared to the blood. We showed that bio-colloids play significant effect on the dynamics of contact line and the pinning effect of the drop. For low contact angles, we showed that the spreading/evaporation process could be divided into two regimes. A fast first regime determined by a balance between viscous forces and capillary forces and a second slower regime dominated by the evaporation rate. Physical mechanisms that are responsible for the spreading enhancement are proposed and discussed. The average velocity of the contact line was found to follow the same behaviour as Tanner's model, where the spreading dynamics and geometrical parameters of the droplet are function of relative humidity. The experimental measurements are in a good agreement with the purely diffusive model where the equilibrium wetting radius and contact angle are function of relative humidity. For the morphological analysis of crack patterns, a manual segmentation method was used as a reference for the validation of the automatic developed segmentation method. We showed that the evaporation rate influences structural distribution of plaques in the corona region and hence, the mean crack spacing.
Book Synopsis Sessile Drops of Biological Fluids : Evaporation and Wetting by : Wassim Bou-Zeid
Download or read book Sessile Drops of Biological Fluids : Evaporation and Wetting written by Wassim Bou-Zeid and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spreading/evaporation process of droplets over solid surfaces is a fundamental process and a wide research field because of number of applications in printing, micro-electronics, DNA analysis and even in biomedical. This experimental work aims to investigate the effect of relative humidity on the contact line dynamics, on the evaporation dynamics and on the final pattern of a drop of whole human blood. The spreading of a pure fluid model that has the same physical properties as human blood was studied and compared to the blood. We showed that bio-colloids play significant effect on the dynamics of contact line and the pinning effect of the drop. For low contact angles, we showed that the spreading/evaporation process could be divided into two regimes. A fast first regime determined by a balance between viscous forces and capillary forces and a second slower regime dominated by the evaporation rate. Physical mechanisms that are responsible for the spreading enhancement are proposed and discussed. The average velocity of the contact line was found to follow the same behaviour as Tanner's model, where the spreading dynamics and geometrical parameters of the droplet are function of relative humidity. The experimental measurements are in a good agreement with the purely diffusive model where the equilibrium wetting radius and contact angle are function of relative humidity. For the morphological analysis of crack patterns, a manual segmentation method was used as a reference for the validation of the automatic developed segmentation method. We showed that the evaporation rate influences structural distribution of plaques in the corona region and hence, the mean crack spacing.
Download or read book Nanodroplets written by Zhiming M. Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanodroplets, the basis of complex and advanced nanostructures such as quantum rings, quantum dots and quantum dot clusters for future electronic and optoelectronic materials and devices, have attracted the interdisciplinary interest of chemists, physicists and engineers. This book combines experimental and theoretical analyses of nanosized droplets which reveal many attractive properties. Coverage includes nanodroplet synthesis, structure, unique behaviors and their nanofabrication, including chapters on focused ion beam, atomic force microscopy, molecular beam epitaxy and the "vapor-liquid- solid" route. Particular emphasis is given to the behavior of metallic nanodroplets, water nanodroplets and nanodroplets in polymer and metamaterial nanocomposites. The contributions of leading scientists and their research groups will provide readers with deeper insight into the chemical and physical mechanisms, properties, and potential applications of various nanodroplets.
Download or read book Surface Wetting written by Kock-Yee Law and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes wetting fundamentals and reviews the standard protocol for contact angle measurements. The authors include a brief overview of applications of contact angle measurements in surface science and engineering. They also discuss recent advances and research trends in wetting fundamentals and include measurement techniques and data interpretation of contract angles.
Book Synopsis Physics of Wetting by : Edward Yu. Bormashenko
Download or read book Physics of Wetting written by Edward Yu. Bormashenko and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-09-11 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivated by a plethora of phenomena from nature, this textbook introduces into the physics of wetting of surfaces. After a brief discussion of the foundations of surface tension, its implementation for floating objects, capillary waves, bouncing droplets, walking of water striders, etc. is discussed. Furthermore, Marangoni flows, surface tension inspired instabilities, condensation and evaporation of droplets, liquid marbles, superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity (lotus effect) are introduced. All relevant concepts are illustrated by the numerous qualitative and quantitative exercises. Contents What is surface tension? Wetting of surfaces: the contact angle Surface tension-assisted floating of heavy and light objects and walking of water striders Capillary interactions between particles. Particles placed on liquid surfaces. Elasticity of liquid surfaces, covered by colloidal particles Capillary waves Oscillation of droplets Marangoni flow and surface instabilities Evaporation of droplets. The Kelvin and the coffee-stain effects Condensation, growth and coalescence of droplets and the breath-figure self-assembly Dynamics of wetting: bouncing, spreading and rolling of droplets (water hammer effect – water entry and drag-out problems)Superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity: the Wenzel and Cassie wetting regimes The Leidenfrost effect. Liquid marbles: self-propulsion Physics, geometry, life and death of soap films and bubbles
Author :Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :0387216561 Total Pages :298 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (872 download)
Book Synopsis Capillarity and Wetting Phenomena by : Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
Download or read book Capillarity and Wetting Phenomena written by Pierre-Gilles de Gennes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of capillarity is in the midst of a veritable explosion. What is offered here is not a comprehensive review of the latest research but rather a compendium of principles designed for the undergraduate student and for readers interested in the physics underlying these phenomena.
Book Synopsis Evaporation and Droplet Growth in Gaseous Media by : N.A. Fuchs
Download or read book Evaporation and Droplet Growth in Gaseous Media written by N.A. Fuchs and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaporation and Droplet Growth in Gaseous Media deals with the evaporation of droplets of liquid in gaseous media and the reverse process of droplet growth in a medium supersaturated with the vapor of the liquid. Thediscussion is restricted to the kinetics of evaporation and growth of droplets of pure liquids (and heat transfer to the same). Comprised of three chapters, this book first examines the quasi-stationary evaporation and growth of droplets that are motionless relative to the medium and the hydrodynamic factor is absent. The Maxwell equation, the basis of the theory of evaporation of droplets in a gaseous medium, is taken into account. The influence of the Stefan flow and the concentration change at the surface on the rate of evaporation are considered, along with the evaporation of droplets in a vessel with absorbing walls and the fall in temperature of both free evaporating droplets and supported evaporating droplets. The second chapter is devoted to the quasi-stationary evaporation of droplets in a stream of gas, that is, droplets moving relative to the medium. The last chapter focuses on non-stationary evaporation and growth of droplets that either motionless or moving relative to the medium. This monograph will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers in inorganic and structural chemistry.
