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Sensitivity Enhancement Of Metal Oxide Chemical Sensors For Detection Of Volatile Organic Compounds
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Book Synopsis Sensitivity Enhancement of Metal-oxide Chemical Sensors for Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds by : John F. Hughes
Download or read book Sensitivity Enhancement of Metal-oxide Chemical Sensors for Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds written by John F. Hughes and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Metal-oxide chemical sensor technology has been praised as a cheap and efficient method of detecting both reducing and oxidizing gases depending on the metal-oxide’s carrier type. The research conducted in this thesis explored methods of enhancing the sensitivity of an n-type metal-oxide material (indium tin oxide, ITO) to a volatile organic compound (VOC) through changes in both device and testing characteristics. Two methods of testing prototype sensors were developed which consisted of short and long-term exposure to ethanol at different temperatures and concentrations. Maximum sensitivity at 2000 ppm was achieved in devices with thin, annealed metal-oxide layers with a high temperature of operation; this sensitivity measurement was achieved using a prolonged exposure test with 100-nm of annealed ITO at an operating temperature of 360°C and yielded a sensitivity of 32.5%. A fabrication process consisting of two lift-off processes for the metal-oxide and contact metal was developed to create the prototype devices. Preliminary characterization on the metal-oxide materials confirmed its thickness, crystallinity / crystal structure, and grain size. In addition to the electrical tests, a future work chemical sensor was thermally and electrically simulated using SolidWorks and Silvaco Atlas, respectively; a proposed fabrication process of the device is also presented, along with a basic outline of future work experiments to further study sensitivity enhancements through other metal-oxide materials, noble catalytic metals, device architecture, and signal processing of proposed electrical testing."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Studies of Metal Oxide Chemical Sensors for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds by : James Raymond Currie (Jr.)
Download or read book Studies of Metal Oxide Chemical Sensors for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds written by James Raymond Currie (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Complex and Composite Metal Oxides for Gas, VOC and Humidity Sensors, Volume 2 by : Bal Chandra Yadav
Download or read book Complex and Composite Metal Oxides for Gas, VOC and Humidity Sensors, Volume 2 written by Bal Chandra Yadav and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-04-01 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.530 pages Provides an overview of the material preparation and synthesis strategies of metal oxide composite and metal oxide hybrid materials for use in gas and humidity sensors Reviews emerging advanced metal oxide materials such as perovskites, spinel ferrites, and quaternary materials for gas and VOC sensors Discusses the potential opportunities and challenges to be circumvented in the use of metal oxide materials to enable new sensor technologies
Book Synopsis Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications by : Hamida Hallil
Download or read book Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications written by Hamida Hallil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an introduction to the topic of smart chemical sensors, along with an overview of the state of the art based on potential applications This book presents a comprehensive overview of chemical sensors, ranging from the choice of material to sensor validation, modeling, simulation, and manufacturing. It discusses the process of data collection by intelligent techniques such as deep learning, multivariate analysis, and others. It also incorporates different types of smart chemical sensors and discusses each under a common set of sub-sections so that readers can fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant transducers—depending on the design, transduction mode, and final applications. Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications covers all major aspects of the field of smart chemical sensors, including working principle and related theory, sensor materials, classification of respective transducer type, relevant fabrication processes, methods for data analysis, and suitable applications. Chapters address field effect transistors technologies for biological and chemical sensors, mammalian cell–based electrochemical sensors for label-free monitoring of analytes, electronic tongues, chemical sensors based on metal oxides, metal oxide (MOX) gas sensor electronic interfaces, and more. Addressing the limitations and challenges in obtaining state-of-the-art smart biochemical sensors, this book: Balances the fundamentals of sensor design, fabrication, characterization, and analysis with advanced methods Categorizes sensors into sub-types and describes their working, focusing on prominent applications Describes instrumentation and IoT networking methods of chemical transducers that can be used for inexpensive, accurate detection in commercialized smart chemical sensors Covers monitoring of food spoilage using polydiacetylene- and liposome-based sensors; smart and intelligent E-nose for sensitive and selective chemical sensing applications; odor sensing system; and microwave chemical sensors Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications is an important book for senior-level undergraduate and graduate students learning about this high-performance technology and its many applications. It will also inform practitioners and researchers involved in the creation and use of smart sensors.
Book Synopsis Design of Polymeric Sensing Materials for Volatile Organic Compounds by : Katherine Mariann Elizabeth Stewart
Download or read book Design of Polymeric Sensing Materials for Volatile Organic Compounds written by Katherine Mariann Elizabeth Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many applications in which sensing and monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other gas analytes are important. This thesis focusses on finding suitable sensing materials for ethanol to reduce the instances of people driving while intoxicated. To find suitable sensing materials, many constraints must be taken into consideration. For example, a sensing material and sensor must have the appropriate sensitivity and selectivity required. The goal is to create a sensing material or multiple materials capable of detecting ethanol that is emitted from the skin (transdermally). This requires highly sensitive sensing materials and sensors capable of detecting ethanol close to 5 ppm. This limit of 5 ppm was confirmed by measuring transdermal ethanol. In addition, to avoid false positives, the sensor must be able to selectively identify ethanol (i.e. respond preferentially to ethanol). To achieve this goal, polymeric sensing materials were used because of their ability to be tailored towards a target analyte. Multiple polymeric sensing materials were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as a sensing material for ethanol. Both the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensing materials were evaluated using a specially designed experimental test set-up that included a highly sensitive gas chromatograph (GC) capable of detecting down to the ppb range. In total, over thirty potential sensing materials were evaluated for ethanol. These sensing materials, which include polyaniline (PANI) and two of its derivatives, poly (o-anisidine) (PoANI) and poly (2,5-dimethyl aniline) (P25DMA), doped with various concentrations of five different metal oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3, CuO, NiO, TiO2, and ZnO), were synthesized and evaluated for sensitivity and selectivity to ethanol. In addition, specialized siloxane-based polymers and other polymers such as poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polypyrrole (PPy) were evaluated. From these thirty plus sensing materials, P25DMA doped with TiO2, NiO, and Al2O3, along with PPy, had the best sensitivity towards ethanol. Most of the materials tested, with the exception of the CuO doped P25DMA, P25DMA doped with 20% ZnO, poly (ethylene imine) (PEI), and the siloxane-based sensing materials, were able to sorb, and therefore detect, 5 ppm of ethanol. Therefore, the sensitivity requirement of 5 ppm was satisfied. In terms of selectivity, P25DMA doped with 5% Al2O3 and P25DMA doped with 10% TiO2 had the best selectivity towards ethanol with respect to five typical interferent gases (acetaldehyde, acetone, benzene, formaldehyde, and methanol). Some of the most promising polymeric sensing materials were then deposited onto two different kinds of sensors: a capacitive radio frequency identification (RFID) sensor and a mass-based microcantilever microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensor. These sensors were evaluated for sensitivity, selectivity, and response and recovery times. It was found that P25DMA doped with 20% NiO had a detection limit of 3 ppm on the RFID sensor, whereas P25DMA had a detection limit of 5 ppm on the MEMS sensor. It should be noted that not all sensing materials work well on all sensors. To improve the selectivity of a sensor, a sensor array or electronic nose can be used. These use a pattern-recognition algorithm to separate the responses for different gas analytes. A proof-of-principle study was done using principal component analysis that was capable of distinguishing between six different VOCs using five different polymeric sensing materials. In addition, a three sensor array was evaluated on the RFID platform. Using PCA as the filtering algorithm, four gas analytes (ethanol, methanol, acetone, and benzene) were able to be identified. These four analytes could also be identified even when in gas mixtures of twos and threes and when all four gas analytes were present. After this wide experimentation, and based on the knowledge gained from the sorption responses between various VOCs and polymers, along with what has been reported in the literature, various sensing mechanisms were proposed. These sensing mechanisms explain why certain VOCs sorb more preferentially onto certain polymers. Therefore, identifying the dominant sensing mechanisms for a target analyte can improve sensing material selection. Based on these sensing mechanisms, potential sensing materials can be chosen for a target analyte. By including other constraints from the specific application target and sensor, this list of potential sensing materials can be further narrowed. From here, these sensing materials can be evaluated for sensitivity and selectivity, before the most promising ones are deposited onto sensors for further testing. This has led to prescriptions that can be followed when designing a new sensing material for a target application. These prescriptions take into consideration the chemical nature of the target analyte (and thus, the dominant mechanisms by which it is likely to interact), any constraints of the target application (including operational temperature and type of sensor), and the chemical nature of the common interferents present with the target analyte. These prescriptions allow one to narrow down a list of hundreds or thousands of potential sensing materials to a manageable few, which can then be evaluated.
Book Synopsis Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Gas Sensing by : Yonghui Deng
Download or read book Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Gas Sensing written by Yonghui Deng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-23 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this book focuses on the synthesis, design, and application of semiconducting metal oxides as gas sensing materials, including the gas sensing mechanism, and modification methods for sensing materials, while also providing a comprehensive introduction to semiconductor gas sensing devices. As an essential part of IoT (Internet of things), gas sensors have shown great significance and promising prospects. Therefore, studies on functional mesoporous metal oxides, one of the most important gas sensing materials based on their unique Knudsen diffusion behavior and tailored pore structure, have increasingly attracted attention from various disciplines. The book offers a valuable reference guide to metal oxide gas sensing materials for undergraduate and graduate students alike. It will also benefit all researchers who are involved in synthesis and gas sensing of metal oxides nanomaterials with relevant frontier theories and concepts. Engineers working on research and development of semiconductor gas sensors will also find some new ideas for sensor design.
Book Synopsis Semiconductor Gas Sensors by : Raivo Jaaniso
Download or read book Semiconductor Gas Sensors written by Raivo Jaaniso and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor Gas Sensors, Second Edition, summarizes recent research on basic principles, new materials and emerging technologies in this essential field. Chapters cover the foundation of the underlying principles and sensing mechanisms of gas sensors, include expanded content on gas sensing characteristics, such as response, sensitivity and cross-sensitivity, present an overview of the nanomaterials utilized for gas sensing, and review the latest applications for semiconductor gas sensors, including environmental monitoring, indoor monitoring, medical applications, CMOS integration and chemical warfare agents. This second edition has been completely updated, thus ensuring it reflects current literature and the latest materials systems and applications. - Includes an overview of key applications, with new chapters on indoor monitoring and medical applications - Reviews developments in gas sensors and sensing methods, including an expanded section on gas sensor theory - Discusses the use of nanomaterials in gas sensing, with new chapters on single-layer graphene sensors, graphene oxide sensors, printed sensors, and much more
Book Synopsis Metal-Organic Framework Materials by : Leonard R. MacGillivray
Download or read book Metal-Organic Framework Materials written by Leonard R. MacGillivray and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 1210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline compounds consisting of rigid organic molecules held together and organized by metal ions or clusters. Special interests in these materials arise from the fact that many are highly porous and can be used for storage of small molecules, for example H2 or CO2. Consequently, the materials are ideal candidates for a wide range of applications including gas storage, separation technologies and catalysis. Potential applications include the storage of hydrogen for fuel-cell cars, and the removal and storage of carbon dioxide in sustainable technical processes. MOFs offer the inorganic chemist and materials scientist a wide range of new synthetic possibilities and open the doors to new and exciting basic research. Metal-Organic Frameworks Materials provides a solid basis for the understanding of MOFs and insights into new inorganic materials structures and properties. The volume also reflects progress that has been made in recent years, presenting a wide range of new applications including state-of-the art developments in the promising technology for alternative fuels. The comprehensive volume investigates structures, symmetry, supramolecular chemistry, surface engineering, recognition, properties, and reactions. The content from this book will be added online to the Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry: http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eibc
Book Synopsis Semi Conducting Metal Oxide Gas Sensors: Development And Related Instrumentation by :
Download or read book Semi Conducting Metal Oxide Gas Sensors: Development And Related Instrumentation written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sensor is a technological device or biological organ that detects, or senses, a signal or physical condition and chemical compounds. Technological developments in the recent decades have brought along with it several environmental problems and human safety issues to the fore. In today's world, therefore, sensors, which detect toxic and inflammable chemicals quickly, are necessary. Gas sensors which form a subclass of chemical sensors have found extensive applications in process control industries and environmental monitoring. The present thesis reports the attempt made in development of Zinc oxide thin film based gas sensors. ZnO is sensitive to many gases of interest like hydrocarbons, hydrogen, volatile organic compounds etc. They exhibit high sensitivity, satisfactory stability and rapid response. In the present work the developed sensors have been tested for their sensitivity for a typical volatile organic compound, acetone. An objective analysis of the various substrates namely borosilicate glass, sintered alumina and hard anodized alumina, has been performed as a part of this work. The substrates were evaluated for their electrical insulation and thermal diffusivity. The microstructure of the gas sensitive film on the above mentioned substrates was studied by SEM technique. The gas sensitive Zinc oxide film is deposited by D.C reactive magnetron sputtering technique with substrate bias arrangement. The characterization of the as-deposited film was performed by XRD, SEM and EDAX techniques to determine the variation of microstructure, crystallite size, orientation and chemical composition with substrate bias voltage. The thesis also describes the development of the gas sensor test setup, which has been used to measure the sensing characteristics of the sensor. It was observed that the ZnO sensors developed with higher bias voltages exhibited improved sensitivity to test gas of interest. Gas sensors essentially measure the concentration of gas in its vicinity.
Book Synopsis Volatile Organic Compounds in Environment by : Ki-Hyun Kim
Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds in Environment written by Ki-Hyun Kim and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-04-06 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Volatile Organic Compounds in Environment" that was published in Environments
Book Synopsis Enhancing Metal Oxide-based Gas Sensors for the Detection of VOCs by : Sai Kiran Ayyala
Download or read book Enhancing Metal Oxide-based Gas Sensors for the Detection of VOCs written by Sai Kiran Ayyala and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology for Electronic Applications by : Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
Download or read book Nanotechnology for Electronic Applications written by Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-17 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the electronic applications of nanotechnology. It presents latest research in the areas of nanotechnology applied to the fields of electronics and energy. Various topics covered in this book include nanotechnology in electronic field, electronic chips and circuits, batteries, wireless devices, energy storage, semiconductors, fuel cells, defense and military equipment, and aerospace industry, This book will be useful for engineers, researchers and industry professionals primarily in the fields of electrical engineering engineering, materials science and nanotechnology.
Download or read book Gas Sensors written by Sher Bahadar Khan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-25 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the applications of nanomaterials in the fabrication of gas sensors. It covers recent developments of different materials used to design gas sensors, such as conducting polymers, semiconductors, as well as layered and nanosized materials. The widespread applications of various gas sensors for the detection of toxic gases are also discussed. The book provides a concise but thorough coverage of nanomaterials applications and utilization in gas sensors. In addition, it overviews recent developments in and the fabrication of gas sensors and their attributes for a broad audience, including beginners, graduate students, and specialists in both academic and industrial sectors.
Book Synopsis Principles of Chemical Sensors by : Jiri Janata
Download or read book Principles of Chemical Sensors written by Jiri Janata and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do not learn the tricks of the trade, learn the trade I started teachinggraduate coursesin chemical sensors in early 1980s, ?rst as a o- quarter (30 h) class then as a semester course and also as several intensive, 4–5-day courses. Later I organized my lecture notes into the ?rst edition of this book, which was published by Plenum in 1989 under the title Principles of Chemical Sensors. I started working on the second edition in 2006. The new edition of Principles of Chemical Sensors is a teaching book, not a textbook. Let me explain the difference. Textbooks usually cover some more or less narrow subject in maximum depth. Such an approach is not possible here. The subject of chemical sensors is much too broad, spanning many aspects of physical and analytical chemistry, biochemistry, materials science, solid-state physics, optics, device fabrication, electrical engine- ing, statistical analysis, and so on. The challengefor me has been to present uniform logical coverage of such a large area. In spite of its relatively shallow depth, it is intended as a graduate course. At its present state the amount of material is more thancan be coveredin a one-semestercourse (45h). Two one-quartercourseswould be more appropriate. Because of the breadth of the material, the sensor course has a somewhat unexpected but, it is hoped, bene?cial effect.
Book Synopsis Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Chemical Sensors by : Michael A. Carpenter
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Chemical Sensors written by Michael A. Carpenter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a state-of-the-art summary and critical analysis of work recently performed in leading research laboratories around the world on the implementation of metal oxide nanomaterial research methodologies for the discovery and optimization of new sensor materials and sensing systems. The book provides a detailed description and analysis of (i) metal oxide nanomaterial sensing principles, (ii) advances in metal oxide nanomaterial synthesis/deposition methods, including colloidal, emulsification, and vapor processing techniques, (iii) analysis of techniques utilized for the development of low temperature metal oxide nanomaterial sensors, thus enabling a broader impact into sensor applications, (iv) advances, challenges and insights gained from the in situ/ex situ analysis of reaction mechanisms, and (v) technical development and integration challenges in the fabrication of sensing arrays and devices.
Book Synopsis Fluorescent Sensors for the Detection of Toxic Elements and Environmentally-Related Pollutants by : Tahir Rasheed
Download or read book Fluorescent Sensors for the Detection of Toxic Elements and Environmentally-Related Pollutants written by Tahir Rasheed and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-09 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorescent Sensors for the Detection of Toxic Elements and Environmentally-Related Pollutants highlights the recent technological advancements of sensing applications for a variety of toxic elements and pollutants using small and supra-molecular materials as advanced chemical sensors. The detection of various toxic environmental pollutants such as, heavy metals, toxic gases, volatile organic compounds is a globally pressing concern. During the past decade there has been an increasing amount of research on the detection of these pollutants due to the growing awareness of environmental contamination. This book focuses on increasing the scientific and technological awareness in order to tackle pollutants arising from various industrial and biotechnological sectors of the modern world. Fluorescent Sensors for the Detection of Toxic Elements and Environmentally-Related Pollutants discusses the most advanced industrial scale sensing materials and addresses current challenges during manufacturing and application. This book will be a valuable reference source for materializing the synthesis of predesigned small and supramolecular fluorescent sensors of interest by presenting different strategies that can serve as a promising tool for researchers. - Presents systematic approaches for detecting various chemical toxic analytes and different toxic species - Offers modern designs for industrial scale sensing applications for various environmental pollutants - Addresses chronological advancements of small and supra-molecular materials as advanced chemical sensors
Book Synopsis Nanosensors for Environmental Applications by : Satish Kumar Tuteja
Download or read book Nanosensors for Environmental Applications written by Satish Kumar Tuteja and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview on the most important types of nanosensor platforms explored and developed in the recent years for efficient detection of environmental/clinical analytes. The chapters cover basic aspects of functioning principles and describe the technologies and challenges of present and future pesticide, metal ions, toxic gases analytical sensing approaches and environmental sensors. Nanosensors are nanoscale miniature devices used for sensing of analyte in ultra-low range. These have gained considerable interest in environmental applications such as environmental chemistry and functionalization approaches, environmental engineering, sustainability, green technology for sensing, environmental health monitoring, pesticide detection, metal and ions detection using electrochemical and wireless sensor.
