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Author : Marta Tatu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (67 download)
Download or read book Semantic Relations Based Text Inference written by Marta Tatu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vivi Nastase
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1608459802
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Semantic Relations Between Nominals written by Vivi Nastase and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People make sense of a text by identifying the semantic relations which connect the entities or concepts described by that text. A system which aspires to human-like performance must also be equipped to identify, and learn from, semantic relations in the texts it processes. Understanding even a simple sentence such as "Opportunity and Curiosity find similar rocks on Mars" requires recognizing relations (rocks are located on Mars, signalled by the word on) and drawing on already known relations (Opportunity and Curiosity are instances of the class of Mars rovers). A language-understanding system should be able to find such relations in documents and progressively build a knowledge base or even an ontology. Resources of this kind assist continuous learning and other advanced language-processing tasks such as text summarization, question answering and machine translation. The book discusses the recognition in text of semantic relations which capture interactions between base noun phrases. After a brief historical background, we introduce a range of relation inventories of varying granularity, which have been proposed by computational linguists. There is also variation in the scale at which systems operate, from snippets all the way to the whole Web, and in the techniques of recognizing relations in texts, from full supervision through weak or distant supervision to self-supervised or completely unsupervised methods. A discussion of supervised learning covers available datasets, feature sets which describe relation instances, and successful algorithms. An overview of weakly supervised and unsupervised learning zooms in on the acquisition of relations from large corpora with hardly any annotated data. We show how bootstrapping from seed examples or patterns scales up to very large text collections on the Web. We also present machine learning techniques in which data redundancy and variability lead to fast and reliable relation extraction.
Author : H. Strohl-Goebel
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080866832
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Inferences in Text Processing written by H. Strohl-Goebel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1985-11-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume critically evaluates the present state of research in the domain of inferences in text processing and indicates new areas of research. The book is structured around the following theoretical aspects: - The representational aspect is concerned with the cognitive structure produced by the processed text, e.g. the social, spatial, and motor characteristics of world knowledge. - The procedural aspect investigates the time relationships on forming inferences, e.g. the point of time at which referential relations are constructed. - The contextual aspect reflects the dependence of inferences on the communicative embedding of text processing, e.g. on factors of modality and instruction.
Author : Vivi Nastase
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031021789
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Semantic Relations Between Nominals, Second Edition written by Vivi Nastase and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opportunity and Curiosity find similar rocks on Mars. One can generally understand this statement if one knows that Opportunity and Curiosity are instances of the class of Mars rovers, and recognizes that, as signalled by the word on, rocks are located on Mars. Two mental operations contribute to understanding: recognize how entities/concepts mentioned in a text interact and recall already known facts (which often themselves consist of relations between entities/concepts). Concept interactions one identifies in the text can be added to the repository of known facts, and aid the processing of future texts. The amassed knowledge can assist many advanced language-processing tasks, including summarization, question answering and machine translation. Semantic relations are the connections we perceive between things which interact. The book explores two, now intertwined, threads in semantic relations: how they are expressed in texts and what role they play in knowledge repositories. A historical perspective takes us back more than 2000 years to their beginnings, and then to developments much closer to our time: various attempts at producing lists of semantic relations, necessary and sufficient to express the interaction between entities/concepts. A look at relations outside context, then in general texts, and then in texts in specialized domains, has gradually brought new insights, and led to essential adjustments in how the relations are seen. At the same time, datasets which encompass these phenomena have become available. They started small, then grew somewhat, then became truly large. The large resources are inevitably noisy because they are constructed automatically. The available corpora—to be analyzed, or used to gather relational evidence—have also grown, and some systems now operate at the Web scale. The learning of semantic relations has proceeded in parallel, in adherence to supervised, unsupervised or distantly supervised paradigms. Detailed analyses of annotated datasets in supervised learning have granted insights useful in developing unsupervised and distantly supervised methods. These in turn have contributed to the understanding of what relations are and how to find them, and that has led to methods scalable to Web-sized textual data. The size and redundancy of information in very large corpora, which at first seemed problematic, have been harnessed to improve the process of relation extraction/learning. The newest technology, deep learning, supplies innovative and surprising solutions to a variety of problems in relation learning. This book aims to paint a big picture and to offer interesting details.
Author : Yue Zhang
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108420214
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Natural Language Processing written by Yue Zhang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This undergraduate textbook introduces essential machine learning concepts in NLP in a unified and gentle mathematical framework.
Author : Alain Auger
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027222533
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)
Download or read book Probing Semantic Relations written by Alain Auger and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semantic relations are at the core of any representational system, and are keys to enable the next generation of information processing systems with semantic and reasoning capabilities. Acquisition, description, and formalization of semantic relations are fundamentals in computer-based systems where natural language processing is required. "Probing Semantic Relations" provides a state of the art of current research trends in the area of knowledge extraction from text using linguistic patterns. First published as a Special Issue of "Terminology" 14:1 (2008), the current book emphasizes how definitional knowledge is conveyed by conceptual and semantic relations such as synonymy, causality, hypernymy (generic specific), and meronymy (part whole). Showing the difficulties and successes of pattern-based approaches, the book illustrates current and future challenges in knowledge acquisition from text. This book provides new perspectives to researchers and practitioners in terminology, knowledge engineering, natural language processing, and semantics."
Author : Ann S. Rosebery
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)
Download or read book Semantic and Syntactic Bases of Text Comprehension written by Ann S. Rosebery and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to comprehend, readers must be able to analyze, integrate and make inferences about the information present in texts. Recent research suggests that the success of these processes is determined by the interaction of two sources of information: (1) factors in the text that affect its readability and (2) the skill with which the reader performs the various processes that comprise reading. The purpose of this research was to investigate the way in which two text-based factors, word relationships and surface syntactic structure, interact with reader skill to affect readers' ability to analyze the semantic relationships present in a text and to make inferences based on those semantic analyses. The influence of word relationships was assessed by manipulating the degree of semantic entailment between two words in a passage. Entailing words are those that are thought to semantically obligate the presence of an associated case word (e.g., the action murdered obligates the presence of an agent care word the killer and a patient case word the victim; the action died does not obligate these case words). The influence of syntactic structure was assessed by manipulating the syntactic class (verb/adjective) in which an entailing word appeared in a passage.
Author : Ido Dagan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031021517
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Recognizing Textual Entailment written by Ido Dagan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few years, a number of NLP researchers have developed and participated in the task of Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE). This task encapsulates Natural Language Understanding capabilities within a very simple interface: recognizing when the meaning of a text snippet is contained in the meaning of a second piece of text. This simple abstraction of an exceedingly complex problem has broad appeal partly because it can be conceived also as a component in other NLP applications, from Machine Translation to Semantic Search to Information Extraction. It also avoids commitment to any specific meaning representation and reasoning framework, broadening its appeal within the research community. This level of abstraction also facilitates evaluation, a crucial component of any technological advancement program. This book explains the RTE task formulation adopted by the NLP research community, and gives a clear overview of research in this area. It draws out commonalities in this research, detailing the intuitions behind dominant approaches and their theoretical underpinnings. This book has been written with a wide audience in mind, but is intended to inform all readers about the state of the art in this fascinating field, to give a clear understanding of the principles underlying RTE research to date, and to highlight the short- and long-term research goals that will advance this technology.
Author : Susan E. Israel
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462528910
Total Pages : 721 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension written by Susan E. Israel and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2016-11-29 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This esteemed reference work and professional resource, now substantially revised, integrates classic and cutting-edge research on how children and adolescents make meaning from text. The comprehension tasks and challenges facing students at different grade levels are explored, with attention to multiple text types and reading purposes. Preeminent researchers offer a range of perspectives--cognitive, neuroscientific, sociocultural, pedagogical, and technological--on key aspects of comprehension. Effective approaches to assessment, instruction, and intervention are reviewed. The volume also addresses issues in teaching specific populations, including struggling readers and English language learners. New to This Edition *A decade's worth of significant research advances are reflected in 10 entirely new chapters. *Revised throughout to incorporate new studies and timely topics: the expanding role of technology, changing school populations, the Common Core standards, international research, and more. *Chapters on graphic, scientific, and multiple digital texts. *Chapters on fluency, professional learning, and literacy coaching.
Author : Phillip C.-Y. Sheu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470920874
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Semantic Computing written by Phillip C.-Y. Sheu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the state of the technology and points to future directions for semantic computing Semantic computing, a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field, seeks to structure, design, and manipulate computer content to better satisfy the needs and intentions of users and create a more meaningful user experience. This remarkable contributed work examines the art, engineering, technology, and applications of the field. Moreover, it brings together researchers from such disciplines as natural language processing, software engineering, multimedia semantics, semantic Web, signal processing, and pattern recognition in order to provide a single source that presents the state of the technology and points to new breakthroughs on the horizon. Semantic Computing begins with an introduction that explores the concepts, technology, applications, and future of semantic computing. Next, the book is divided into four parts: Part One: Semantic Analysis Part Two: Semantic Languages and Integration Part Three: Semantic Applications Part Four: Semantic Programming and Interface As readers progress through the book, they,ll learn not only the underlying science, but also the fundamental technological building blocks of semantic computing. Moreover, they,ll discover a variety of cross-disciplinary solutions to current computing and communication problems. Throughout the book, references to the primary literature enable further investigation of each individual topic. Semantic Computing is ideal for industrial managers, researchers, and engineers seeking to design the next generation of computing systems in order to better meet user needs. It is also recommended as a textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate-level semantic computing courses.
Author : Susan E. Israel
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462528880
Total Pages : 721 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension, Second Edition written by Susan E. Israel and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2017-01-02 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This edition provides a transformative snapshot of reading comprehension as a field of study at a seminal moment. It maintains the same high level of standards with respect to (1) historical perspectives useful for laying the foundation of study on reading comprehension; (2) theoretical perspectives that allow the reader to consider different views on how specific areas have evolved since the first edition; (3) excellent chapters on various elements of reading comprehension, including major research studies in assessment, cultural impacts of reading comprehension, issues affecting English language learners, and consideration of international populations; and (4) identification of future research needs to help raise important questions and stimulate possible hypotheses for future research"--
Author : Christiane Fellbaum
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262061971
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (619 download)
Download or read book WordNet written by Christiane Fellbaum and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WordNet, an electronic lexical database, is considered to be the most important resource available to researchers in computational linguistics, text analysis, and many related areas. English nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexicalized concept. Different relations link the synonym sets. The purpose of this volume is twofold. First, it discusses the design of WordNet and the theoretical motivations behind it. Second, it provides a survey of representative applications, including word sense identification, information retrieval, selectional preferences of verbs, and lexical chains.
Author : Shalom Lappin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119046823
Total Pages : 771 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory written by Shalom Lappin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory presents a comprehensive introduction to cutting-edge research in contemporary theoretical and computational semantics. Features completely new content from the first edition of The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory Features contributions by leading semanticists, who introduce core areas of contemporary semantic research, while discussing current research Suitable for graduate students for courses in semantic theory and for advanced researchers as an introduction to current theoretical work
Author : Oscar Castillo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030354458
Total Pages : 792 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Intuitionistic and Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Enhancements in Neural and Optimization Algorithms: Theory and Applications written by Oscar Castillo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-27 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the latest advances in fuzzy logic, neural networks, and optimization algorithms, as well as their hybrid intelligent combinations, and their applications in the areas such as intelligent control, robotics, pattern recognition, medical diagnosis, time series prediction, and optimization. The topic is highly relevant as most current intelligent systems and devices use some form of intelligent feature to enhance their performance. The book also presents new and advanced models and algorithms of type-2 fuzzy logic and intuitionistic fuzzy systems, which are of great interest to researchers in these areas. Further, it proposes novel, nature-inspired optimization algorithms and innovative neural models. Featuring contributions on theoretical aspects as well as applications, the book appeals to a wide audience.
Author : Yunfang Wu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331973573X
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Chinese Lexical Semantics written by Yunfang Wu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 18th Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop, CLSW 2017, held in Leshan, China, in May 2017. The 48 full papers and 5 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 176 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: lexical semantics; applications of natural language processing; lexical resources; and corpus linguistics.
Author : Edward J. O'Brien
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 131629904X
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (162 download)
Download or read book Inferences during Reading written by Edward J. O'Brien and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inferencing is defined as 'the act of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true', and it is one of the most important processes necessary for successful comprehension during reading. This volume features contributions by distinguished researchers in cognitive psychology, educational psychology, and neuroscience on topics central to our understanding of the inferential process during reading. The chapters cover aspects of inferencing that range from the fundamental bottom-up processes that form the basis for an inference to occur, to the more strategic processes that transpire when a reader is engaged in literary understanding of a text. Basic activation mechanisms, word-level inferencing, methodological considerations, inference validation, causal inferencing, emotion, development of inferences processes as a skill, embodiment, contributions from neuroscience, and applications to naturalistic text are all covered as well as expository text, online learning materials, and literary immersion.
Author : Edgar Roman-Rangel
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030770044
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Pattern Recognition written by Edgar Roman-Rangel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-16 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 13th Mexican Conference on Pattern Recognition, MCPR 2021, which was planned to be held in Mexico City, Mexico, in June 2021. The conference was instead held virtually. The 35 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 75 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: artificial intelligence techniques and recognition; pattern recognition techniques; neural networks and deep learning; computer vision; image processing and analysis; and medical applications of pattern recognition.
