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Self Spreading Biotechnology And International Law
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Book Synopsis Self-Spreading Biotechnology and International Law by : Felix Beck
Download or read book Self-Spreading Biotechnology and International Law written by Felix Beck and published by Nomos Verlag. This book was released on 2022-11-22 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wer haftet, wenn sich selbst ausbreitende Gentechnik grenzüberschreitende Schäden verursacht? Mit Gene Drives und ähnlichen Verfahren wird es bald möglich sein, das Erbgut wild lebender Arten, Keime und Nutzpflanzen direkt in der Umwelt zu verändern. Dies könnte helfen, drängende Probleme in der öffentlichen Gesundheit, im Naturschutz und in der Ernährungssicherheit zu lösen. Allerdings bergen diese Verfahren auch das Risiko einer unkontrollierten Ausbreitung über Staatsgrenzen hinweg. Anhand einer grundlegenden Untersuchung der einschlägigen Verträge und des Völkergewohnheitsrechts zu Prävention und Haftung für grenzüberschreitende Schäden wird aufgezeigt, dass das derzeit geltende Völkerrecht dieser Herausforderung noch nicht gewachsen ist.
Book Synopsis The International Law of Biotechnology by : Matthias Herdegen
Download or read book The International Law of Biotechnology written by Matthias Herdegen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology is a field that inspires complex legal and ethical debates on an international scale. Taking a fresh approach to the subject, Matthias Herdegen provides a comprehensive assessment of the regulation of biotechnology processes and products from an international and comparative perspective.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology and International Law by : Francesco Francioni
Download or read book Biotechnology and International Law written by Francesco Francioni and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2006-06-15 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As with any rapid technological development, the biotechnology revolution is putting great strains on the ability of law to adapt to new challenges and threats. Although there is general agreement on the need to regulate biotechnology in many different fields of human activity (agriculture, life sciences, forensic science) domestic law remains deeply divided over the best approach to take. This book is the first attempt at covering the most pressing legal issues raised by the impact of biotechnologies on different categories of international norms. Through the contribution of a selected group of international scholars and experts from international organizations, the book addresses 1) the international status of genetic resources, both in areas of national jurisdiction and in common spaces such as the international sea bed area and Antarctica; 2) the relevance of environmental principles in the governance of modern biotechnologies; 3) the impact of biotechnologies on trade rules, including intellectual property law; 4) the human rights implications, especially in the field of human genetics; and 5) the intersection between general international law and regional systems, especially those developed in Europe and Latin America. The overall objective of the book is to provide an up-to-date picture of international law as it stands today and to stimulate critical reflection and further research on the solutions that will be required in years to come.
Book Synopsis The Intersection of International Law, Agricultural Biotechnology, and Infectious Disease by : Meredith T. Mariani
Download or read book The Intersection of International Law, Agricultural Biotechnology, and Infectious Disease written by Meredith T. Mariani and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Intersection of International Law, Agricultural Biotechnology, and Infectious Disease" examines legal frameworks and perspectives for infectious disease and GMOs and argues for a more connective approach for future regulation.
Book Synopsis The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology by : Han Somsen
Download or read book The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology written by Han Somsen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . a compilation of 12 invaluable contributions on this issue by internationally known experts in their respective fields. . . a valuable resource for academic professionals, policy makers and legislators, advocacy groups and scholars in legal and development studies. It is a storehouse of learning and practical knowledge for anyone interested in environmental policy, biosafety issues, biotechnology processes and associated regulatory constraints. Marcelin Tonye Mahop, Review of European Community and International Environmental Law For bioethicists, legal scholars and regulators struggling with what controls to place on biotechnology, this is required reading. John Avellanet, Journal of Commercial Biotechnology Biotechnology has prompted a revolution in science and society in the truest sense of the word. For what superficially appears to be a revolution in biotechnology, in effect touches upon the fundamentals of life and the way in which humans relate to it. This book will make a significant contribution to the debate surrounding the effective regulation of biotechnology. The contributing authors assess how regulatory regimes can accommodate the many different and often conflicting issues to which biotechnology is giving rise to (including a very tainted public image). The book s ultimate aim is to explore ways of designing a regulatory regime that takes heed of these different demands whilst, at the same time, answering to the imperatives of effectiveness and efficiency. The book synthesizes three fields of legal analysis; the first focuses on the risk-dominated regulation of GM food and bio-agriculture; the second involves human genetics as a field dominated by considerations of ethics. Finally, patent law has been chosen as an area captured by notions of property. With its holistic approach, The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology will be of great interest to academics, policymakers and regulators as well as biotechnology and law students.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism by : National Research Council
Download or read book Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-02 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years much has happened to justify an examination of biological research in light of national security concerns. The destructive application of biotechnology research includes activities such as spreading common pathogens or transforming them into even more lethal forms. Policymakers and the scientific community at large must put forth a vigorous and immediate response to this challenge. This new book by the National Research Council recommends that the government expand existing regulations and rely on self-governance by scientists rather than adopt intrusive new policies. One key recommendation of the report is that the government should not attempt to regulate scientific publishing but should trust scientists and journals to screen their papers for security risks, a task some journals have already taken up. With biological information and tools widely distributed, regulating only U.S. researchers would have little effect. A new International Forum on Biosecurity should encourage the adoption of similar measures around the world. Seven types of risky studies would require approval by the Institutional Biosafety Committees that already oversee recombinant DNA research at some 400 U.S. institutions. These "experiments of concern" include making an infectious agent more lethal and rendering vaccines powerless.
Book Synopsis International Governance of Biotechnology by : Catherine Rhodes
Download or read book International Governance of Biotechnology written by Catherine Rhodes and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. The significant media coverage recently given to issues such as the international impacts of biofuel production policies, advances in synthetic biology, and the ethical implications of research involving embryonic stem cells, is indicative of the high-level of interest - among policy-makers, academics and the public - in the biotechnology revolution, its applications, impacts and control. There is also significant interest in international regulatory processes as a form of governance, and international regulation is a vital part of efforts to manage the impacts of the biotechnology revolution, since many of these are global in their nature. The book establishes the need for international regulation of biotechnology, identifying the roles it needs to play, and the issues it needs to cover. Having outlined the importance of coherence to the effective functioning of international regulatory sets, a model of coherent international regulation is established, against which the biotechnology regulations can be assessed. This book approaches the subject from an international relations perspective but also draws from, and will contribute to, literature in the fields of international law, global governance, technological governance, and science-society relations.
Book Synopsis The Intersection of International Law, Agricultural Biotechnology, and Infectious Disease by : Meredith T. Mariani
Download or read book The Intersection of International Law, Agricultural Biotechnology, and Infectious Disease written by Meredith T. Mariani and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007-08-30 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intersection of International Law, Agricultural Biotechnology, and Infectious Disease is an indispensable resource for practitioners and scholars interested in public health, food safety, or biotechnology. It provides a comprehensive overview of the science behind, and the general environmental frameworks addressing, GMOs. The book examines legal frameworks and perspectives for infectious disease and GMOs, as well as public health legislation, international trade legislation, and regulatory regimes. Finally, it provides critiques and proposals, arguing for a more connective approach for future regulation.
Book Synopsis Global Biopiracy by : Ikechi Mgbeoji
Download or read book Global Biopiracy written by Ikechi Mgbeoji and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legal control and ownership of plants and traditional knowledge of the uses of plants (TKUP) is a vexing issue. The phenomenon of appropriation of plants and TKUP, otherwise known as biopiracy, thrives in a cultural milieu where non-Western forms of knowledge are systemically marginalized and devalued as "folk knowledge" or characterized as inferior. Global Biopiracy rethinks the role of international law and legal concepts, the Western-based, Eurocentric patent systems of the world, and international agricultural research institutions as they affect legal ownership and control of plants and TKUP.
Book Synopsis Biotechnologies and International Human Rights by : Francesco Francioni
Download or read book Biotechnologies and International Human Rights written by Francesco Francioni and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2007-02-22 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book follows and complements the previous volume Biotechnology and International Law (Hart 2006) bringing a specific focus on human rights. It is the result of a collaborative effort which brings together the contributions of a select group of experts from academia and from international organisations with the purpose of discussing the extent to which current activities in the field of biotechnology can be regulated by existing human rights principles and standards, and what gaps, if any, need to be identified and filled with new legislative initiatives. Instruments such as the UNESCO Declaration on the Human Genome (1997) and on Bioethics and Human Rights (2005) are having an impact on customary international law. But what is the relevance of these instruments with respect to traditional concepts of state responsibility and the functioning of domestic remedies against misuse of biotechnologies? Are new legislative initiatives needed, and what are the pros and cons of a race toward the adoption of new ad hoc instruments in an area of such rapid technological development? Are there risks of normative and institutional fragmentation as a consequence of the proliferation of different regulatory regimes? Can we identify a core of human rights principles that define the boundaries of legitimate uses of biotechnology, the legal status of human genetic material, as well as the implications of the definition of the human genome as 'common heritage of humanity' for the purpose of patenting of genetic inventions? These and other questions are the focus of a fascinating collection of essays which, together, help to map this emerging field of inquiry.
Book Synopsis An Explanatory Guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety by : Ruth Mackenzie
Download or read book An Explanatory Guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety written by Ruth Mackenzie and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2003 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide has been prepared by the IUCN Environmental Law Programme and the Foundation for International Environmental Law and Development (FIELD), in cooperation with the World Resources Institute (WRI). The main goal of the guide is to facilitate the understanding of the obligations of Parties to the Protocol, by providing an information base on the content and origin of the Protocol provisions, accessible to the non-specialist and useful for those who will be involved in the development and implementation of national safety frameworks.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452058 Total Pages :231 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Preparing for Future Products of Biotechnology by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Preparing for Future Products of Biotechnology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1973 and 2016, the ways to manipulate DNA to endow new characteristics in an organism (that is, biotechnology) have advanced, enabling the development of products that were not previously possible. What will the likely future products of biotechnology be over the next 5â€"10 years? What scientific capabilities, tools, and/or expertise may be needed by the regulatory agencies to ensure they make efficient and sound evaluations of the likely future products of biotechnology? Preparing for Future Products of Biotechnology analyzes the future landscape of biotechnology products and seeks to inform forthcoming policy making. This report identifies potential new risks and frameworks for risk assessment and areas in which the risks or lack of risks relating to the products of biotechnology are well understood.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309437385 Total Pages :607 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Genetically Engineered Crops by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Genetically Engineered Crops written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-01-28 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology and the Challenge of Property by : Remigius N. Nwabueze
Download or read book Biotechnology and the Challenge of Property written by Remigius N. Nwabueze and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology and the Challenge of Property addresses the question of how the advancement of property law is capable of controlling the interests generated by the engineering of human tissues. Through a comparative consideration of non-Western societies and industrialized cultures, this book addresses the impact of modern biotechnology, and its legal accommodation on the customary conduct and traditional beliefs which shape the lives of different communities. Nwabueze provides an introduction to the legal regulation of the evolving uses of human tissues, and its implications for traditional knowledge, beliefs and cultures.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology and the Patent System by : Claude E. Barfield
Download or read book Biotechnology and the Patent System written by Claude E. Barfield and published by A E I Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American patent law has reached an unprecedented crossroads, prodded by a landmark Supreme Court decision this spring and the prospect of sweeping new federal legislation this fall. At this critical time, Biotechnology and the Patent System: Balancing Innovation and Property Rights provides a timely look at the complex issues involved in making patent law for cutting-edge high-tech industries such as the biotechnology and computer software sectors.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the International Law of Global Security by : Robin Geiß
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the International Law of Global Security written by Robin Geiß and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-16 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the global security environment and delivering the necessary governance responses is a central challenge of the 21st century. On a global scale, the central regulatory tool for such responses is public international law. But what is the state, role, and relevance of public international law in today's complex and highly dynamic global security environment? Which concepts of security are anchored in international law? How is the global security environment shaping international law, and how is international law in turn influencing other normative frameworks? The Oxford Handbook of the International Law of Global Security provides a ground-breaking overview of the relationship between international law and global security. It constitutes a comprehensive and systematic mapping of the various sub-fields of international law dealing with global security challenges, and offers authoritative guidance on key trends and debates around the relationship between public international law and global security governance. This Handbook highlights the central role of public international law in an effective global security architecture and, in doing so, addresses some of the most pressing legal and policy challenges of our time. The Handbook features original contributions by leading scholars and practitioners from a wide range of professional and disciplinary backgrounds, reflecting the fluidity of the concept of global security and the diversity of scholarship in this area.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309437873 Total Pages :231 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Gene Drives on the Horizon by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Gene Drives on the Horizon written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-28 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on gene drive systems is rapidly advancing. Many proposed applications of gene drive research aim to solve environmental and public health challenges, including the reduction of poverty and the burden of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue, which disproportionately impact low and middle income countries. However, due to their intrinsic qualities of rapid spread and irreversibility, gene drive systems raise many questions with respect to their safety relative to public and environmental health. Because gene drive systems are designed to alter the environments we share in ways that will be hard to anticipate and impossible to completely roll back, questions about the ethics surrounding use of this research are complex and will require very careful exploration. Gene Drives on the Horizon outlines the state of knowledge relative to the science, ethics, public engagement, and risk assessment as they pertain to research directions of gene drive systems and governance of the research process. This report offers principles for responsible practices of gene drive research and related applications for use by investigators, their institutions, the research funders, and regulators.
