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Second Hand Smoke And Copd Lessons From Animal Studies
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Book Synopsis Second hand smoke and COPD: lessons from animal studies by : Adelheid Kratzer
Download or read book Second hand smoke and COPD: lessons from animal studies written by Adelheid Kratzer and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-07 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cigarette smoke exposure is the key initiator of chronic inflammation, alveolar destruction, and the loss of alveolar blood vessels that lead to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which is comprised of emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is the major risk factor for non-smokers to develop emphysema. While the first-hand smoke is directly inhaled by smokers, passive smoking occurs when non-smokers are involuntary exposed to environmental tobacco smoke also known as second hand smoke (SHS). SHS is a mixture of 2 forms of smoke that come from burning tobacco: side stream smoke (smoke that comes from the end of a lit cigarette, pipe, or cigar) and mainstream smoke (smoke that is exhaled by a smoker). These two types of smoke have basically the same composition, however in SHS many toxic components are more concentrated than in first-hand smoke, therefore more hazardous for people’s health. Several pathological events have been implicated in the development of SHS-induced COPD, but many aspects of this pathology remain poorly understood halting the development of new advanced treatments for this detrimental disease. In this respect we have welcomed leading investigators in the field to share their research findings and provide their thoughts regarding the mechanisms of the SHS exposure-induced immune responses and inflammatory mechanisms of lung destruction in SHS-induced COPD and related comorbidities.
Book Synopsis The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke by :
Download or read book The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.
Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by :
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Book Synopsis COPD, An Issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, by : Peter J Barnes
Download or read book COPD, An Issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, written by Peter J Barnes and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-02-15 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine is Guest Edited by Peter J. Barnes FRS, FMedSci from Imperial College London and will fosus on COPD. Article topics include epidemiology, pathophysiology, cellular and molecular mechanisms and comorbidities of COPD, diagnosis and phenotype of COPD, pulmonary rehabilitation, asthma and COPD, biomarkers, bronchodilators, non invasive ventialtion, and new drug therapies.
Book Synopsis Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multidisciplinary Approach (Clinics Collections) by : Joel J. Heidelbaugh
Download or read book Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multidisciplinary Approach (Clinics Collections) written by Joel J. Heidelbaugh and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinics Collections: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is the most current, comprehensive, and complete resource on the clinical management of COPD and related conditions. Clinics Collections: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease draws from Elsevier's robust Clinics Review Articles database to provide multidisciplinary teams, including general practitioners, pulmonologists, sleep specialists, radiologists,and critical care nurses, with practical clinical advice and insights on this highly prevalent condition and its comorbidities. Clinics Collections: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease guides readers on how to apply current primary research findings on COPD to everyday practice to help overcome challenges and complications, keep up with new and improved treatment methods, and improve patient outcomes. Areas of focus include pathogenesis, COPD and secondary disorders, clinical considerations and complications, treatment and pharmacotherapy, and special considerations. Each article begins with keywords and key points for immediate access to the most critical information. Articles are presented in an easy-to-digest and concisely worded format. Elsevier's Clinics Collections provide concise reviews of today's most prevalent conditions and significant medical developments. Other Clinics Collections titles available include Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Asthma, Obesity, Pain Management, and Lipid Disorders.
Book Synopsis Antioxidant Nutraceuticals by : Chuanhai Cao
Download or read book Antioxidant Nutraceuticals written by Chuanhai Cao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses various clinical and sub clinical applications of antioxidant nutraceuticals, with a primary focus on preventive use for general wellness, common ailments, and such chronic illnesses as cancer and neurological applications. This unique book captures the applications of natural antioxidants, which have been used for thousands of years in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurvedic Medicine as well as modern nutraceuticals formulations. It covers antioxidant applications in clinical scenarios including the historical perspective, basic antioxidant properties and applications, anti-inflammatory properties, and antioxidant applications in a variety of clinical conditions.
Book Synopsis Cannabinoids and Sleep by : Jaime M. Monti
Download or read book Cannabinoids and Sleep written by Jaime M. Monti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-03 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on cannabis and sleep is emerging with promising results. This book offers current and comprehensive knowledge on cannabinoid research results in connection with sleep. The volume covers aspects of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, the pharmacology of cannabinoids, neurobiology and pharmacology of sleep and wakefulness, and the benefits and side effects of cannabis on the central nervous system. It further discusses the putative therapeutical properties of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids and their potential for the treatment of sleep disorders such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, REM sleep behavior disorder, and restless legs syndrome. The book is written by medical and scientific experts in this field and intended for researchers from a range of disciplines such as biomedicine, biology, neurosciences, clinical medicine, neurology, and pharmacology.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030946837X Total Pages :775 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-05-18 with total page 775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
Book Synopsis New Drugs and Targets for Asthma and COPD by : T.T. Hansel
Download or read book New Drugs and Targets for Asthma and COPD written by T.T. Hansel and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2010-08-31 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma, allergy and chronic obstructive lung disease are common throughout the world and are increasing in incidence, particularly in the developing world. This volume provides a state-of-the-art account of the identification of new targets and the development of new therapies for these conditions. Some 40 chapters by clinical academics and senior members of the pharmaceutical industry detail the latest breakthroughs in research and development. In asthma, a promising approach is the use of therapy directed against specific Th2 responses through biological antagonists of IL-5, IL-4 and IL-13. There have also been major advances in our understanding of innate immune responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and in the area of Toll-like receptors. Up to date and comprehensive, this book will be of particular relevance to those working in the pharmaceutical industry (in preclinical research and clinical development), to academic researchers in the field of respiratory medicine, and to respiratory health care specialists.
Book Synopsis Environmental Tobacco Smoke by : National Research Council
Download or read book Environmental Tobacco Smoke written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book examines the recent research investigating the characteristics and composition of different types of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and discusses possible health effects of ETS. The volume presents an overview of methods used to determine exposures to environmental smoke and reviews both chronic and acute health effects. Many recommendations are made for areas of further research, including the differences between smokers and nonsmokers in absorbing, metabolizing, and excreting the components of ETS, and the possible effects of ETS exposure during childhood and fetal life.
Book Synopsis WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2017 by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2017 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017-08-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report "Monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies" tracks the status of the tobacco epidemic and interventions to combat it. The report finds that more countries have implemented tobacco control policies, ranging from graphic pack warnings and advertising bans to no smoking areas. About 4.7 billion people - 63% of the world's population - are covered by at least one comprehensive tobacco control measure, which has quadrupled since 2007 when only 1 billion people and 15% of the world's population were covered.
Book Synopsis Alpha-1-antitrypsin Deficiency by : Noor Kalsheker
Download or read book Alpha-1-antitrypsin Deficiency written by Noor Kalsheker and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alpha-1-antitrypsin Deficiency: Biology, Diagnosis, Clinical Significance, and Emerging Therapies is the authoritative reference on AATD, providing standards for diagnosis, monitoring, treatment and appropriate avenues of research. The book covers the disease from basic biology and epidemiology, to clinical impact, and includes the understanding of the natural history of the disease and the significant advances that have been made in the last 20 years, including the three-dimensional structure of the molecule, its broad biological activity and improved therapeutic options, including replacement therapy and gene therapy. The editors have recruited international experts in the field to contribute evidence-based chapters and insights on future developments in the understanding of this disease. Provides documentation of the variations in clinical presentation and pathology in a single reference Presents new insights by pulling together the advances in the understanding of the structure and function of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency with the genetic variants that cause the disease Allows for easy reference for the diagnosis of AATD to lead to better therapeutics
Book Synopsis Molecular Pathology of Lung Diseases by : Dani S. Zander
Download or read book Molecular Pathology of Lung Diseases written by Dani S. Zander and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-26 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major work, complete with 150 illustrations, many of them in color, bridges the gap between clinical pulmonary pathology and basic molecular science. Through a highly visual approach that features an abundance of tables and diagrams, the book offers a practical disease-based overview. The first two sections of the volume provide the reader with general concepts, terminology and procedures in molecular pathology. The remainder of the volume is subdivided into neoplastic and non-neoplastic lung diseases with detailed chapters covering the current molecular pathology of specific diseases. The book will be essential reading for pathologists, pulmonologists, thoracic surgeons and other health care providers interested in lung disease.
Book Synopsis The Tobacco Epidemic by : Christoph T. Bolliger
Download or read book The Tobacco Epidemic written by Christoph T. Bolliger and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1997 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Karger 'Publishing Highlights 1890-2015' title Today it is a well-established fact that cigarette smoking is fundamentally a form of addiction to the drug nicotine. However, this does not mean that smoking can entirely be explained in terms of pharmacological factors - as with any drug addiction, social, economic, personal and political influences all play an important part in determining patterns of prevalence and cessation. This publication provides a comprehensive, up-to-date review of tobacco smoking. Written by internationally acknowledged experts, the 15 chapters of the book cover the history, economics, epidemiology, and psychology of tobacco use. The medical consequences of both active and passive smoking are discussed in detail, and the pharmacological and behavioral aspects of nicotine dependence are highlighted. Several chapters focus on smoking cessation, examining patterns and predictors of cessation in the general population and the role of GPs, nurses and pharmacists, and evaluating nicotine replacement therapy and other drugs, as well as the role of smokeless tobacco. Measures to prevent smoking such as smoke-free environments, advertising bans, and price increases are also considered. Finally, recommendations are given to change legislation concerning tobacco products in order to most effectively reduce the harm associated with nicotine use. This book is a must for anyone in the medical profession interested in smoking-related issues. Due to its easy readability and topicality, it will also appeal to nonmedical readers.
Book Synopsis Clearing the Smoke by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Clearing the Smoke written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-10-17 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite overwhelming evidence of tobacco's harmful effects and pressure from anti-smoking advocates, current surveys show that about one-quarter of all adults in the United States are smokers. This audience is the target for a wave of tobacco products and pharmaceuticals that claim to preserve tobacco pleasure while reducing its toxic effects. Clearing the Smoke addresses the problems in evaluating whether such products actually do reduce the health risks of tobacco use. Within the context of regulating such products, the committee explores key questions: Does the use of such products decrease exposure to harmful substances in tobacco? Is decreased exposure associated with decreased harm to health? Are there surrogate indicators of harm that could be measured quickly enough for regulation of these products? What are the public health implications? This book looks at the types of products that could reduce harm and reviews the available evidence for their impact on various forms of cancer and other major ailments. It also recommends approaches to governing these products and tracking their public health effects. With an attitude of healthy skepticism, Clearing the Smoke will be important to health policy makers, public health officials, medical practitioners, manufacturers and marketers of "reduced-harm" tobacco products, and anyone trying to sort through product claims.
Download or read book COPD written by Cormac McCarthy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is estimated to become the third most common cause of death over the next decade. The knowledge of COPD pathogenesis and the disease course has greatly improved this progression in understanding and continues to have significant implications in the management of this condition. Novel areas of interest in COPD pathogenesis include further development of animal models, a better understanding of the genetics and epigenetics, the role of the microbiome, and an increasing appreciation of the associated comorbidities. This book intends to provide the reader with a brief overview of these topics and also provide an in-depth review of the current nonpharmacological clinical approaches to managing patients with COPD.
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :28 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Women and Smoking by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Download or read book Women and Smoking written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
