Science Under Scarcity

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Science Under Scarcity

Author : Julian M. Alston
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Under Scarcity by : Julian M. Alston

Download or read book Science Under Scarcity written by Julian M. Alston and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resources for agricultural science are scarce across the world. Yet even as resources are shrinking, agricultural science has expanded its inquiry into many new areas - such as environmental preservation, food quality, and rural development - without forsaking its more traditional concerns. In a time of tight government budgets, research administrators are faced with the need to provide strong evidence that costs are justified by benefits. Science under Scarcity is an invaluable guide to the theory and methods necessary for evaluating research in agriculture and for setting priorities for resource allocation. Although economists have made significant progress in developing more sophisticated methods for research evaluation and priority setting, many research analysts and administrators do not have a working knowledge of those practices. Without the assistance of formal economic analysis it is particularly difficult to assess the social value of new technologies or to make informed judgements about the trade-offs that are involved in allocation decisions. Addressing that knowledge gap, this book reviews, synthesizes, and extends such methods as economic surplus analysis, econometric techniques, mathematical programming procedures, and scoring models. It discusses these practices in the context of scientific policy, describes their conceptual foundations, and explains how to do them. Originally published in 1995 in hardcover by Cornell University Press, it is now reissued in paperback by CAB INTERNATIONAL.

Scarcity

Author : Sendhil Mullainathan
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 0805092641
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Scarcity by : Sendhil Mullainathan

Download or read book Scarcity written by Sendhil Mullainathan and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A surprising and intriguing examination of how scarcity—and our flawed responses to it—shapes our lives, our society, and our culture

Water Quality Management Under Conditions of Scarcity

Author : Hillel Shuval
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323153984
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Quality Management Under Conditions of Scarcity by : Hillel Shuval

Download or read book Water Quality Management Under Conditions of Scarcity written by Hillel Shuval and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Quality Management under Conditions of Scarcity: Israel as a Case Study focuses on the problems of water quality management under circumstances of severe water resource scarcity, particularly in Israel. This book examines how Israel's engineers and scientists deal with the development and management of its limited water resources. Comprised of 13 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the interrelationships between man's well-being and the water environment. This text then explores the goal of water quality control in protecting human health and well-being from exposure to toxic chemicals and detrimental pathogenic microorganisms. Other chapters discuss the development of science, technology, and administrative practice dealing with water quality control, including hygiene, environmental health, sanitation, sanitary engineering, ecology, and environmental protection. The final chapter deals with the concept of hierarchical and selective water use. Biologists, engineers, chemists, agronomists, public health officers, and water resources authorities will find this book extremely useful.

Economics

Author : Heinz Kohler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics by : Heinz Kohler

Download or read book Economics written by Heinz Kohler and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Water Scarcity and Sustainable Agriculture in Semiarid Environment

Author : Ivan Francisco Garcia Tejero
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128131659
Total Pages : 582 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Scarcity and Sustainable Agriculture in Semiarid Environment by : Ivan Francisco Garcia Tejero

Download or read book Water Scarcity and Sustainable Agriculture in Semiarid Environment written by Ivan Francisco Garcia Tejero and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Scarcity and Sustainable Agriculture in Semiarid Environment: Tools, Strategies and Challenges for Woody Crops explores the complex relationship between water scarcity and climate change, agricultural water-use efficiency, crop-water stress management and modeling water scarcity in woody crops. Understanding these cause- and effect relationships and identifying the most appropriate responses are critical for sustainable crop production. The book focuses on Mediterranean environments to explain how to determine the most appropriate strategy and implement an effective plan; however, core concepts are translational to other regions. Informative for those working in agricultural water management, irrigation and drainage, crop physiology and sustainable agriculture. Focuses on semi-arid crops including olive, vine, citrus, almonds, peach, nectarine, plum, subtropical fruits and others Explores crop physiological responses to drought at plant, cellular and/or molecular levels Presents tool options for assessing crop-water status and irrigation scheduling

Policy and Choice

Author : William J. Congdon
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815704984
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Policy and Choice by : William J. Congdon

Download or read book Policy and Choice written by William J. Congdon and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that public finance--the study of the government's role in economics--should incorporate principles from behavior economics and other branches of psychology.

Management Of Transboundary Water Resources Under Scarcity: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Author : Dinar Ariel
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814740063
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Management Of Transboundary Water Resources Under Scarcity: A Multidisciplinary Approach by : Dinar Ariel

Download or read book Management Of Transboundary Water Resources Under Scarcity: A Multidisciplinary Approach written by Dinar Ariel and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-03-17 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water scarcity due to climate change, population growth, and economic development is a critical issue in many semi-arid and arid regions around the world. Water scarcity is especially critical in regions where water is shared by several riparian states and used for competing purposes (irrigation, domestic, industry, environment, and hydropower). There is evidence that water scarcity may give rise to conflicts among the riparian states that share water basins. At the same time, there is evidence that proper arrangements among riparian states create a basis for cooperation, which is a necessary condition for economic development, food production, environmental sustainability, and poverty reduction. This book presents a collection of work presented by a group of academics and policy experts dealing with the impact of water scarcity and variability on the ability to jointly manage shared water and the derived welfare of international states and nations sharing international river basins, consisting of economics, technology, law and institutions, geography, and international relations. The book covers theoretical aspects of management of transboundary water as well as case studies from hotspots around the world. The unique aspect of this book is the multidisciplinary nature of the chapters, reflecting a new field of research that will gain popularity as water scarcity will increase over time and across regions. The chapters from the book were presented at the "Management of Transboundary Water Resources under Scarcity: Perspectives on Agriculture and Food Security" workshop held at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, from June 22 to 23, 2015.

Overcoming Data Scarcity in Earth Science

Author : Angela Gorgoglione
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039282107
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Overcoming Data Scarcity in Earth Science by : Angela Gorgoglione

Download or read book Overcoming Data Scarcity in Earth Science written by Angela Gorgoglione and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-22 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: heavily Environmental mathematical models represent one of the key aids for scientists to forecast, create, and evaluate complex scenarios. These models rely on the data collected by direct field observations. However, assembly of a functional and comprehensive dataset for any environmental variable is difficult, mainly because of i) the high cost of the monitoring campaigns and ii) the low reliability of measurements (e.g., due to occurrences of equipment malfunctions and/or issues related to equipment location). The lack of a sufficient amount of Earth science data may induce an inadequate representation of the response’s complexity in any environmental system to any type of input/change, both natural and human-induced. In such a case, before undertaking expensive studies to gather and analyze additional data, it is reasonable to first understand what enhancement in estimates of system performance would result if all the available data could be well exploited. Missing data imputation is an important task in cases where it is crucial to use all available data and not discard records with missing values. Different approaches are available to deal with missing data. Traditional statistical data completion methods are used in different domains to deal with single and multiple imputation problems. More recently, machine learning techniques, such as clustering and classification, have been proposed to complete missing data. This book showcases the body of knowledge that is aimed at improving the capacity to exploit the available data to better represent, understand, predict, and manage the behavior of environmental systems at all practical scales.

States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World

Author : Colin H. Kahl
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691138354
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World by : Colin H. Kahl

Download or read book States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World written by Colin H. Kahl and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2008-08-03 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past several decades, civil and ethnic wars have undermined prospects for economic and political development, destabilized entire regions of the globe, and left millions dead. States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World argues that demographic and environmental stress--the interactions among rapid population growth, environmental degradation, inequality, and emerging scarcities of vital natural resources--represents one important source of turmoil in today's world. Kahl contends that this type of stress places enormous strains on both societies and governments in poor countries, increasing their vulnerability to armed conflict. He identifies two pathways whereby this process unfolds: state failure and state exploitation. State failure conflicts occur when population growth, environmental degradation, and resource inequality weaken the capacity, legitimacy, and cohesion of governments, thereby expanding the opportunities and incentives for rebellion and intergroup violence. State exploitation conflicts, in contrast, occur when political leaders themselves capitalize on the opportunities arising from population pressures, natural resource scarcities, and related social grievances to instigate violence that serves their parochial interests. Drawing on a wide array of social science theory, this book argues that demographically and environmentally induced conflicts are most likely to occur in countries that are deeply split along ethnic, religious, regional, or class lines, and which have highly exclusive and discriminatory political systems. The empirical portion of the book evaluates the theoretical argument through in-depth case studies of civil strife in the Philippines, Kenya, and numerous other countries. The book concludes with an analysis of the challenges demographic and environmental change will pose to international security in the decades ahead.

Coping with Water Scarcity

Author : Luis Santos Pereira
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402095791
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Coping with Water Scarcity by : Luis Santos Pereira

Download or read book Coping with Water Scarcity written by Luis Santos Pereira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-22 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the main problems confronting the world of the 21st Century is a shortage of water. There is already severe scarcity in many regions of the world, causing tremendous problems for local populations and indeed entire societies. There is insufficient water available for the production of food to alleviate poverty and starvation; the lack of water hampers industrial, urban and tourism development, forcing restrictions on other sectors, especially agriculture; health problems arise as the deterioration of ground and surface waters favours water-borne diseases, which flourish in the absence of decent water distribution and sewerage systems. Water conflicts still arise in areas under stress, while water for nature has become a vanishing priority in such zones. This book is a guide to the establishment of regional and/or local guidelines for developing and implementing new ideas for coping with water scarcity. The basic premise underlying the book is that water scarcity will persist, so personal, human and society-wide skills will be needed to cope with it while living in harmony with the necessary environmental constraints. The book provides basic information to assist decision makers, water managers, engineers, agronomists, social scientists and other professions (and their students) in formulating coherent, hopefully harmonious and consolidated views on the issue. Guidelines are also given for introducing the general public to the concept of water scarcity and how to deal with it.

World Water and Food to 2025

Author : Mark W. Rosegrant
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896296466
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis World Water and Food to 2025 by : Mark W. Rosegrant

Download or read book World Water and Food to 2025 written by Mark W. Rosegrant and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thirsty world; Alternative futures for water; Consequences of key policy changes; Implications for the future.

Brief, Balancing international public goods and accountability

Author : Lynam, John K.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Brief, Balancing international public goods and accountability by : Lynam, John K.

Download or read book Brief, Balancing international public goods and accountability written by Lynam, John K. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the two case studies suggest, STI impact is highly context-specific, and must often adapt to a changing decision-making milieu. Partner engagement is a critical piece in moving policy research to outcomes, as is reflected in IFPRI’s most recent strategy and increased deployment of personnel to country programs. However, local deployment for impact comes at the expense of critical mass at headquarters and the ability to engage in emerging trends in scientific discovery. And, as the review highlights, such critical mass can only be deployed over a limited number of research themes. As the IFPRI STI team explores the next strategic focus for its research, it faces the difficult question of how to balance the increasing emphasis on accountability, and therefore impact, with the ability of IFPRI to define new research areas and generate IPGs in this critical policy area.

Trekonomics

Author : Manu Saadia
Publisher : Inkshares
ISBN 13 : 1941758762
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (417 download)

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Book Synopsis Trekonomics by : Manu Saadia

Download or read book Trekonomics written by Manu Saadia and published by Inkshares. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Manu Saadia has managed to show us one more reason, perhaps the most compelling one of all, why we all need the world of Star Trek to one day become the world we live in." — Chris Black, Writer and Co-Executive Producer, Star Trek: Enterprise What would the world look like if everybody had everything they wanted or needed? Trekonomics, the premier book in financial journalist Felix Salmon's imprint PiperText, approaches scarcity economics by coming at it backwards — through thinking about a universe where scarcity does not exist. Delving deep into the details and intricacies of 24th century society, Trekonomics explores post-scarcity and whether we, as humans, are equipped for it. What are the prospects of automation and artificial intelligence? Is there really no money in Star Trek? Is Trekonomics at all possible?

Scarcity and Growth

Author : Harold J. Barnett
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135989176
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Scarcity and Growth by : Harold J. Barnett

Download or read book Scarcity and Growth written by Harold J. Barnett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this classic study, the authors assess the importance of technological change and resource substitution in support of their conclusion that resource scarcity did not increase in the Unites States during the period 1870 to 1957. Originally published in 1963

Global Resource Scarcity

Author : Marcelle C. Dawson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315281597
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Resource Scarcity by : Marcelle C. Dawson

Download or read book Global Resource Scarcity written by Marcelle C. Dawson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A common perception of global resource scarcity holds that it is inevitably a catalyst for conflict among nations; yet, paradoxically, incidents of such scarcity underlie some of the most important examples of international cooperation. This volume examines the wider potential for the experience of scarcity to promote cooperation in international relations and diplomacy beyond the traditional bounds of the interests of competitive nation states. The interdisciplinary background of the book’s contributors shifts the focus of the analysis beyond narrow theoretical treatments of international relations and resource diplomacy to broader examinations of the practicalities of cooperation in the context of competition and scarcity. Combining the insights of a range of social scientists with those of experts in the natural and bio-sciences—many of whom work as ‘resource practitioners’ outside the context of universities—the book works through the tensions between ‘thinking/theory’ and ‘doing/practice’, which so often plague the process of social change. These encounters with scarcity draw attention away from the myopic focus on market forces and allocation, and encourage us to recognise more fully the social nature of the tensions and opportunities that are associated with our shared dependence on resources that are not readily accessible to all. The book brings together experts on theorising scarcity and those on the scarcity of specific resources. It begins with a theoretical reframing of both the contested concept of scarcity and the underlying dynamics of resource diplomacy. The authors then outline the current tensions around resource scarcity or degradation and examine existing progress towards cooperative international management of resources. These include food and water scarcity, mineral exploration and exploitation of the oceans. Overall, the contributors propose a more hopeful and positive engagement among the world’s nations as they pursue the economic and social benefits derived from natural resources, while maintaining the ecological processes on which they depend.

The Scarcity Slot

Author : Amanda L. Logan
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520343751
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Scarcity Slot by : Amanda L. Logan

Download or read book The Scarcity Slot written by Amanda L. Logan and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. The Scarcity Slot is the first book to critically examine food security in Africa’s deep past. Amanda L. Logan argues that African foodways have been viewed through the lens of ‘the scarcity slot,’ a kind of Othering based on presumed differences in resources. Weaving together archaeological, historical, and environmental data with food ethnography, she advances a new approach to building long-term histories of food security on the continent in order to combat these stereotypes. Focusing on a case study in Banda, Ghana that spans the past six centuries, The Scarcity Slot reveals that people thrived during a severe, centuries-long drought just as Europeans arrived on the coast, with a major decline in food security emerging only recently. This narrative radically challenges how we think about African foodways in the past with major implications for the future.

Scarcity and Frontiers

Author : Edward B. Barbier
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139493469
Total Pages : 767 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Scarcity and Frontiers by : Edward B. Barbier

Download or read book Scarcity and Frontiers written by Edward B. Barbier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-23 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout much of history, a critical driving force behind global economic development has been the response of society to the scarcity of key natural resources. Increasing scarcity raises the cost of exploiting existing natural resources and creates incentives in all economies to innovate and conserve more of these resources. However, economies have also responded to increasing scarcity by obtaining and developing more of these resources. Since the agricultural transition over 12,000 years ago, this exploitation of new 'frontiers' has often proved to be a pivotal human response to natural resource scarcity. This book provides a fascinating account of the contribution that natural resource exploitation has made to economic development in key eras of world history. This not only fills an important gap in the literature on economic history but also shows how we can draw lessons from these past epochs for attaining sustainable economic development in the world today.