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Author : Nat Clinton Robertson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Science Policy in the United States: Science policy in the United States written by Nat Clinton Robertson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nat Clinton Robertson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Science Policy: Science policy in the United States written by Nat Clinton Robertson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julia I. Lane
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804781605
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)
Download or read book The Science of Science Policy written by Julia I. Lane and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic scientific research and technological development have had an enormous impact on innovation, economic growth, and social well-being. Yet science policy debates have long been dominated by advocates for particular scientific fields or missions. In the absence of a deeper understanding of the changing framework in which innovation occurs, policymakers cannot predict how best to make and manage investments to exploit our most promising and important opportunities. Since 2005, a science of science policy has developed rapidly in response to policymakers' increased demands for better tools and the social sciences' capacity to provide them. The Science of Science Policy: A Handbook brings together some of the best and brightest minds working in science policy to explore the foundations of an evidence-based platform for the field. The contributions in this book provide an overview of the current state of the science of science policy from three angles: theoretical, empirical, and policy in practice. They offer perspectives from the broader social science, behavioral science, and policy communities on the fascinating challenges and prospects in this evolving arena. Drawing on domestic and international experiences, the text delivers insights about the critical questions that create a demand for a science of science policy.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Science Policy in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Heather Douglas
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 082297357X
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)
Download or read book Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal written by Heather Douglas and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of science in policymaking has gained unprecedented stature in the United States, raising questions about the place of science and scientific expertise in the democratic process. Some scientists have been given considerable epistemic authority in shaping policy on issues of great moral and cultural significance, and the politicizing of these issues has become highly contentious. Since World War II, most philosophers of science have purported the concept that science should be “value-free.” In Science, Policy and the Value-Free Ideal, Heather E. Douglas argues that such an ideal is neither adequate nor desirable for science. She contends that the moral responsibilities of scientists require the consideration of values even at the heart of science. She lobbies for a new ideal in which values serve an essential function throughout scientific inquiry, but where the role values play is constrained at key points, thus protecting the integrity and objectivity of science. In this vein, Douglas outlines a system for the application of values to guide scientists through points of uncertainty fraught with moral valence. Following a philosophical analysis of the historical background of science advising and the value-free ideal, Douglas defines how values should-and should not-function in science. She discusses the distinctive direct and indirect roles for values in reasoning, and outlines seven senses of objectivity, showing how each can be employed to determine the reliability of scientific claims. Douglas then uses these philosophical insights to clarify the distinction between junk science and sound science to be used in policymaking. In conclusion, she calls for greater openness on the values utilized in policymaking, and more public participation in the policymaking process, by suggesting various models for effective use of both the public and experts in key risk assessments.
Author : United States. President's Task Force on Science Policy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Science and Technology: Tools for Progress written by United States. President's Task Force on Science Policy and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Toward a Science Policy for the United States written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book A History of Science Policy in the United States, 1940-1985 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science Policy: Science policy in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Science, the Endless Frontier written by United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This influential report described science as "a largely unexplored hinterland" that would provide the "essential key" to the economic prosperity of the post World War II years.
Author : G. Pascal Zachary
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501196464
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Endless Frontier written by G. Pascal Zachary and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-01-30 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A prodigiously researched biography of Vannevar Bush, one of America’s most awe-inspiring polymaths and the secret force behind the biggest technological breakthroughs of the twentieth century. As the inventor and public entrepreneur who launched the Manhattan Project, helped to create the military-industrial complex, conceived a permanent system of government support for science and engineering, and anticipated both the personal computer and the Internet, Vannevar Bush is the twentieth century’s Ben Franklin. In this engaging look at one of America’s most awe-inspiring polymaths, writer G. Pascal Zachary brings to life an American original—a man of his time, ours, and beyond. Zachary details how Bush cofounded Raytheon and helped build one of the most powerful early computers in the world at MIT. During World War II, he served as Roosevelt’s adviser and chief contact on all matters of military technology, including the atomic bomb. He launched the Manhattan Project and oversaw a collection of 6,000 civilian scientists who designed scores of new weapons. After the war, his attention turned to the future. He wrote essays that anticipated the rise of the Internet and boldly equated national security with research strength, outlining a system of permanent federal funding for university research that endures to this day. However, Bush’s hopeful vision of science and technology was leavened by an understanding of the darker possibilities. While cheering after witnessing the Trinity atomic test, he warned against the perils of a nuclear arms race. He led a secret appeal to convince President Truman not to test the Hydrogen Bomb and campaigned against the Red Scare. Elegantly and expertly relayed by Zachary, Vannevar’s story is a grand tour of the digital leviathan we know as the modern American life.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309224381
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book U.S. and International Perspectives on Global Science Policy and Science Diplomacy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-29 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States and other countries around the world face problems of an increasingly global nature that often require major contributions from science and engineering that one nation alone cannot provide. The advance of science and engineering is an increasingly global enterprise, and in many areas there is a natural commonality of interest among practitioners from diverse cultures. In response to challenges, the National Academies held a workshop in Washington, DC, in February 2011, to assess effective ways to meet international challenges through sound science policy and science diplomacy. U.S. and International Perspectives on Global Science Policy and Science Diplomacy summarizes issues addressed during this workshop. Participants discussed many of the characteristics of science, such as its common language and methods; the open, self-correcting nature of research; the universality of the most important questions; and its respect for evidence. These common aspects not only make science inherently international but also give science special capacities in advancing communication and cooperation. Many workshop participants pointed out that, while advancing global science and science diplomacy are distinct, they are complementary, and making them each more effective often involves similar measures. Some participants suggested it may sometimes be more accurate to use the term global science cooperation rather than science diplomacy. Other participants indicated that science diplomacy is, in many situations, a clear and useful concept, recounting remarkable historical cases of the effective use of international scientific cooperation in building positive governmental relationships and dealing with sensitive and urgent problems. To gain U.S. and international perspectives on these issues, representatives from Brazil, Bangladesh, Egypt, Germany, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Morocco, Rwanda, South Africa, and Syria attended the workshop, as well as two of the most recently named U.S. science envoys, Rita Colwell and Gebisa Ejeta.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Task Force on Science Policy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Science Policy Task Force Report written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Task Force on Science Policy and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roger Pielke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048138981
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Presidential Science Advisors written by Roger Pielke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past 50 years a select group of scientists has provided advice to the US President, mostly out of the public eye, on issues ranging from the deployment of weapons to the launching of rockets to the moon to the use of stem cells to cure disease. The role of the presidential science adviser came under increasing scrutiny during the administration of George W. Bush, which was highly criticized by many for its use (and some say, misuse) of science. This edited volume includes, for the first time, the reflections of the presidential science advisers from Donald Hornig who served under Lyndon B. Johnson, to John Marburger, the previous science advisor, on their roles within both government and the scientific community. It provides an intimate glimpse into the inner workings of the White House, as well as the political realities of providing advice on scientific matters to the presidential of the United States. The reflections of the advisers are supplemented with critical analysis of the role of the science adviser by several well-recognized science policy practitioners and experts. This volume will be of interest to science policy and presidential history scholars and students.
Author : Sylvia Kraemer
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813539471
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Science and Technology Policy in the United States written by Sylvia Kraemer and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2006-06-20 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the latter half of the twentieth century, federal funding in the United States for scientific research and development increased dramatically. Yet despite the infusion of public funds into research centers, the relationship between public policy and research and development remains poorly understood. How does the federal government attempt to harness scientific knowledge and resources for the nation's economic welfare and competitiveness in the global marketplace? Who makes decisions about controversial scientific experiments, such as genetic engineering and space exploration? Who is held accountable when things go wrong? In this lucidly-written introduction to the topic, Sylvia Kraemer draws upon her extensive experience in government to develop a useful and powerful framework for thinking about the American approach to shaping and managing scientific innovation. Kraemer suggests that the history of science, technology, and politics is best understood as a negotiation of ongoing tensions between open and closed systems. Open systems depend on universal access to information that is complete, verifiable, and appropriately used. Closed systems, in contrast, are composed of unique and often proprietary features, which are designed to control usage. From the Constitution's patent clause to current debates over intellectual property, stem cells, and internet regulation, Kraemer shows the promise-as well as the limits-of open systems in advancing scientific progress as well as the nation's economic vitality.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Task Force on Science Policy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Science in the Political Process written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Task Force on Science Policy and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Is Today's Science Policy Preparing Us for the Future? written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
