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Science On Trial
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Download or read book Science on Trial written by Marcia Angell and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 1997 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1990s, sympathetic juries awarded huge damages to women claiming injury from silicone breast implants, leading to a $4.25 billion class-action settlement that still wasn't large enough to cover all the claims. Shockingly, rigorous scientific studies of breast implants have now shown that there is no significant link between breast implants and disease. Why were the courts and the public so certain that breast implants were dangerous when medical researchers were not? The answer to this question reveals important differences in the way science, the law, and the public regard evidence--and not just in the breast implant controversy.
Book Synopsis Christian Science on Trial by : Rennie B. Schoepflin
Download or read book Christian Science on Trial written by Rennie B. Schoepflin and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-05-22 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Christian Science on Trial, historian Rennie B. Schoepflin shows how Christian Science healing became a viable alternative to medicine at the end of the nineteenth century. Christian Scientists did not simply evangelize for their religious beliefs; they engaged in a healing business that offered a therapeutic alternative to many patients for whom medicine had proven unsatisfactory. Tracing the evolution of Christian Science during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Christian Science on Trial illuminates the movement's struggle for existence against the efforts of organized American medicine to curtail its activities. Physicians exhibited an anxiety and tenacity to trivialize and control Christian Scientists which indicates a lack of confidence among the turn-of-the-century medical profession about who controlled American health care. The limited authority of the medical community becomes even clearer through Schoepflin's examination of the pitched battles fought by physicians and Christian Scientists in America's courtrooms and legislative halls over the legality of Christian Science healing. While the issues of medical licensing, the meaning of medical practice, and the supposed right of Americans to therapeutic choice dominated early debates, later confrontations saw the legal issues shift to matters of contagious disease, public safety, and children's rights. Throughout, Christian Scientists revealed their ambiguous status as medical practitioners and religious healers. The 1920s witnessed an unsteady truce between American medicine and Christian Science. The ambivalence of many Americans about the practice of religious healing persisted, however. In Christian Science on Trial we gain a helpful historical context for understanding late–twentieth-century public debates over children's rights, parental responsibility, and the authority of modern medicine.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Scientific Evidence on the Criminal Trial by : Oriola Sallavaci
Download or read book The Impact of Scientific Evidence on the Criminal Trial written by Oriola Sallavaci and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-05 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores challenges posed by the use of DNA evidence to the traditional features, procedures and principles of the criminal trial. It examines the limitations of existing theories of criminal trial processes in the face of increasing use of scientific evidence in the court room. The research elucidates the interconnections at trial of three epistemologies, namely legal reasoning, as represented by counsel and trial judge, common sense manifested by the jury and scientific reasoning expounded by the expert witness. Sallavaci argues that while scientific reasoning is part of this hybrid of trial languages and practices, its extended use is producing specifically novel tensions which impact on the traditional criminal trial landscape. Through the lens of DNA evidence, the book investigates how far the use of scientific evidence in the fact finding process poses challenges for the adversarial character of the proceedings and rules of evidence; how it affects the role of the judge, jury and expert witness, as well as the principle of orality and continuity of the trial. In comparing the challenges faced in English common law trials to those of the USA, this book has international scope, and will be of great use and interest to students and researchers of Criminal Law and Practice, Policing, and the role of Forensics in Law.
Book Synopsis Faith on Trial by : Peter A. Wallner
Download or read book Faith on Trial written by Peter A. Wallner and published by . This book was released on 2015-02-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Education Research On Trial by : Pamela B. Walters
Download or read book Education Research On Trial written by Pamela B. Walters and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Read the author's commentary for the Teachers College Record here: http://www.tcrecord.org/Content.asp?ContentID=15915 It is not an exaggeration to say that the field of education has been under attack. Many, particularly in Washington, D.C., have proclaimed the research to be shoddy. They have called for new "scientific" standards for research. Randomized control trials have been promoted. In many of these discussions, the only criterion is making a more rational and scientific approach to education research. Since the federal government plays a leadership role in defining the terms of education debates, this critique is important. It stands to radically reshape research and possibly school priorities in the future. The essays in this book take up this important topic. They offer critical insight into how this debate came to flourish. Some of the authors take issue with core assertions of the debate; other are sympathetic. Taken together, they help to broaden and deepen our understanding of the efforts to revamp the field of education research and, ultimately education. The chapters also discuss the factors that facilitate, and impede, research from having an impact on policy. Teaching and Learning Goals Include: -- helps illuminate the relationship between education research and policy --critically examines key assumptions of federal legislation particularly the call for scientific rigor in the No Child Left Behind Legislation --helps students understand the broader intellectual context of this crisis in education
Book Synopsis Science on Trial by : Douglas J. Futuyma
Download or read book Science on Trial written by Douglas J. Futuyma and published by Sinauer Associates Incorporated. This book was released on 1995 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an explanation of evolutionary processes, a refutation of the claims of creationists, and insight into the nature of scientific inquiry
Book Synopsis Summer for the Gods by : Edward J Larson
Download or read book Summer for the Gods written by Edward J Larson and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pulitzer Prize-winning history of the Scopes Trial and the battle over evolution and creation in America's schools In the summer of 1925, the sleepy hamlet of Dayton, Tennessee, became the setting for one of the twentieth century's most contentious courtroom dramas, pitting William Jennings Bryan and the anti-Darwinists against a teacher named John Scopes, represented by Clarence Darrow and the ACLU, in a famous debate over science, religion, and their place in public education. That trial marked the start of a battle that continues to this day-in cities and states throughout the country. Edward Larson's classic Summer for the Gods -- winner of the Pulitzer Prize in History -- is the single most authoritative account of this pivotal event. An afterword assesses the state of the battle between creationism and evolution, and points the way to how it might potentially be resolved.
Book Synopsis On Trial for Reason by : Maurice A. Finocchiaro
Download or read book On Trial for Reason written by Maurice A. Finocchiaro and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1633, the Roman Inquisition condemned Galileo as a suspected heretic for defending the astronomical theory that the earth moves, and implicitly assuming the theological principle that Scripture is not scientific authority. This controversial event has sent ripples down the centuries, embodying the struggle between a thinker who came to be regarded as the Father of Modern Science, and an institution that is both one of the world's greatest religions and most ancient organizations. The trial has been cited both as a clear demonstration of the incompatibility between science and religion, and also a stunning exemplar of rationality, scientific method, and critical thinking. Much has been written about Galileo's trial, but most works argue from a particular point of view - that of secular science against the Church, or justifying the religious position. Maurice Finocchiaro aims to provide a balanced historical account that draws out the cultural nuances. Unfolding the intriguing narrative of Galileo's trial, he sets it against its contemporary intellectual and philosophical background. In particular, Finocchiaro focuses on the contemporary arguments and evidence for and against the Earth's motion, which were based on astronomical observation, the physics of motion, philosophical principles about the nature of knowledge, and theological principles about the authority and the interpretation of Scripture. Following both sides of the controversy and its far-reaching philosophical impact, Finocchiaro unravels the complex relationship between science and religion, and demonstrates how Galileo came to be recognised as a model of logical reasoning.
Book Synopsis Science on Trial by : Douglas J. Futuyma
Download or read book Science on Trial written by Douglas J. Futuyma and published by Pantheon. This book was released on 1983 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis After the Monkey Trial by : Christopher M. Rios
Download or read book After the Monkey Trial written by Christopher M. Rios and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2014-08-28 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study sheds light on the work of the evangelical scientists who sought to bridge the cultural divide Christianity and evolutionary theory. In the well-known Scopes “Monkey Trial” of 1925, famously portrayed in the film and play Inherit the Wind, William Jennings Bryan’s clashed with defense attorney Clarence Darrow. The drama, pitting fundamentalist fervor against aggressive agnosticism, illustrated what current scholars call the conflict thesis. Regardless of the actual legal question of the trial, it appeared as though Christianity and science were at war with each other. Decades later, a new generation of evangelical scientists struggled to restore peace. After the Monkey Trial is the compelling history of those evangelical scientists in Britain and America who, unlike their fundamentalist cousins, supported mainstream scientific conclusions of the world and resisted the anti-science impulses of the era. Christopher M. Rios focuses on two organizations, the American Scientific Affiliation and the Research Scientists’ Christian Fellowship (today Christians in Science), who for more than six decades have worked to reshape evangelical engagement with science and redefine what it means to be a creationist.
Download or read book Trial by Fire written by Charles D. Ross and published by White Mane Publishing Company. This book was released on 2000 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this fascinating book, a physicist looks at the details of some of the unusual and creative uses of science and technology during the Civil War.
Book Synopsis Star Wars on Trial: The Force Awakens Edition by : David Brin
Download or read book Star Wars on Trial: The Force Awakens Edition written by David Brin and published by BenBella Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2015-11-03 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Order in the Court! Star Wars: the most significant, powerful myth of the twenty-first century or morally bankrupt military fantasy? Six films. Countless books. $20 billion in revenue. No one can question the financial value or cultural impact of the Star Wars film franchise. But has the impact been for the good? In Star Wars on Trial's courtroom—Droid Judge presiding—Star Wars stands accused of elitist politics and sexism, religious and ethical lapses, the destruction of literary science fiction and science fiction film, and numerous plot holes and logical gaps. Supported by a witness list of bestselling science fiction authors, David Brin (for the prosecution) and Matthew Woodring Stover (for the defense) debate these charges and more before delivering their closing statements. The verdict? That's up to you. Covering the films from A New Hope to The Force Awakens, Brin and Stover provide new forewords that explore the newest generation of Star Wars films and what JJ Abrams must do to live up to—or redeem—the franchise.
Book Synopsis Sharing Clinical Trial Data by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Sharing Clinical Trial Data written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data sharing can accelerate new discoveries by avoiding duplicative trials, stimulating new ideas for research, and enabling the maximal scientific knowledge and benefits to be gained from the efforts of clinical trial participants and investigators. At the same time, sharing clinical trial data presents risks, burdens, and challenges. These include the need to protect the privacy and honor the consent of clinical trial participants; safeguard the legitimate economic interests of sponsors; and guard against invalid secondary analyses, which could undermine trust in clinical trials or otherwise harm public health. Sharing Clinical Trial Data presents activities and strategies for the responsible sharing of clinical trial data. With the goal of increasing scientific knowledge to lead to better therapies for patients, this book identifies guiding principles and makes recommendations to maximize the benefits and minimize risks. This report offers guidance on the types of clinical trial data available at different points in the process, the points in the process at which each type of data should be shared, methods for sharing data, what groups should have access to data, and future knowledge and infrastructure needs. Responsible sharing of clinical trial data will allow other investigators to replicate published findings and carry out additional analyses, strengthen the evidence base for regulatory and clinical decisions, and increase the scientific knowledge gained from investments by the funders of clinical trials. The recommendations of Sharing Clinical Trial Data will be useful both now and well into the future as improved sharing of data leads to a stronger evidence base for treatment. This book will be of interest to stakeholders across the spectrum of research--from funders, to researchers, to journals, to physicians, and ultimately, to patients.
Download or read book Trying Biology written by Adam R. Shapiro and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-05-21 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Trying Biology, Adam R. Shapiro convincingly dispels many conventional assumptions about the 1925 Scopes “monkey” trial. Most view it as an event driven primarily by a conflict between science and religion. Countering this, Shapiro shows the importance of timing: the Scopes trial occurred at a crucial moment in the history of biology textbook publishing, education reform in Tennessee, and progressive school reform across the country. He places the trial in this broad context—alongside American Protestant antievolution sentiment—and in doing so sheds new light on the trial and the historical relationship of science and religion in America. For the first time we see how religious objections to evolution became a prevailing concern to the American textbook industry even before the Scopes trial began. Shapiro explores both the development of biology textbooks leading up to the trial and the ways in which the textbook industry created new books and presented them as “responses” to the trial. Today, the controversy continues over textbook warning labels, making Shapiro’s study—particularly as it plays out in one of America’s most famous trials—an original contribution to a timely discussion.
Book Synopsis The Scopes Trial by : Jeffrey P. Moran
Download or read book The Scopes Trial written by Jeffrey P. Moran and published by Macmillan Higher Education. This book was released on 2021-01-08 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Scopes Trial, 2e, by Jeffrey Moran explores the history of this pivotal 1920’s trial complete with accessible headnotes for each primary source document.
Book Synopsis Darwin on Trial by : Phillip E. Johnson
Download or read book Darwin on Trial written by Phillip E. Johnson and published by Monarch Books. This book was released on 1991 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant critique of the neo-Darwinian theory of evolution.
Book Synopsis The Baltimore Case by : Daniel J. Kevles
Download or read book The Baltimore Case written by Daniel J. Kevles and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2000 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kevles tells the complete story of David Baltimore, winner of a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1975 in the field of immunology, who got caught up in a legal battle over fraudulent scientific papers. Photos & line drawings.
