Science At The American Frontier

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On the Frontier of Science

Author : Leah Ceccarelli
Publisher : MSU Press
ISBN 13 : 087013034X
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Frontier of Science by : Leah Ceccarelli

Download or read book On the Frontier of Science written by Leah Ceccarelli and published by MSU Press. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The frontier of science” is a metaphor that has become ubiquitous in American rhetoric, from its first appearance in the public address of early twentieth-century American intellectuals and politicians who aligned a mythic national identity with scientific research, to its more recent use in scientists’ arguments in favor of increased research funding. Here, Leah Ceccarelli explores what is selected and what is deflected when this metaphor is deployed, its effects on those who use it, and what rhetorical moves are made by those who try to counter its appeal. In her research, Ceccarelli discovers that “the frontier of science” evokes a scientist who is typically male, a risk taker, an adventurous loner—someone separated from a public that both envies and distrusts him, with a manifest destiny to penetrate the unknown. It conjures a competitive desire to claim the riches of a new territory before others can do the same. Closely reading the public address of scientists and politicians and the reception of their audiences, this book shows how the frontier of science metaphor constrains American speakers, helping to guide the ends of scientific research in particular ways and sometimes blocking scientists from attaining the very goals they set out to achieve.

Frontiers of Science

Author : Cameron B. Strang
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469640481
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers of Science by : Cameron B. Strang

Download or read book Frontiers of Science written by Cameron B. Strang and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cameron Strang takes American scientific thought and discoveries away from the learned societies, museums, and teaching halls of the Northeast and puts the production of knowledge about the natural world in the context of competing empires and an expanding republic in the Gulf South. People often dismissed by starched northeasterners as nonintellectuals--Indian sages, African slaves, Spanish officials, Irishmen on the make, clearers of land and drivers of men--were also scientific observers, gatherers, organizers, and reporters. Skulls and stems, birds and bugs, rocks and maps, tall tales and fertile hypotheses came from them. They collected, described, and sent the objects that scientists gazed on and interpreted in polite Philadelphia. They made knowledge. Frontiers of Science offers a new framework for approaching American intellectual history, one that transcends political and cultural boundaries and reveals persistence across the colonial and national eras. The pursuit of knowledge in the United States did not cohere around democratic politics or the influence of liberty. It was, as in other empires, divided by multiple loyalties and identities, organized through contested hierarchies of ethnicity and place, and reliant on violence. By discovering the lost intellectual history of one region, Strang shows us how to recover a continent for science.

Subject Matter

Author : Joyce E. Chaplin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674029437
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Subject Matter by : Joyce E. Chaplin

Download or read book Subject Matter written by Joyce E. Chaplin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this sweeping reinterpretation of early cultural encounters between the English and American natives, Joyce E. Chaplin thoroughly alters our historical view of the origins of English presumptions of racial superiority, and of the role science and technology played in shaping these notions. By placing the history of science and medicine at the very center of the story of early English colonization, Chaplin shows how contemporary European theories of nature and science dramatically influenced relations between the English and Indians within the formation of the British Empire. In Chaplin's account of the earliest contacts, we find the English--impressed by the Indians' way with food, tools, and iron--inclined to consider Indians as partners in the conquest and control of nature. Only when it came to the Indians' bodies, so susceptible to disease, were the English confident in their superiority. Chaplin traces the way in which this tentative notion of racial inferiority hardened and expanded to include the Indians' once admirable mental and technical capacities. Here we see how the English, beginning from a sense of bodily superiority, moved little by little toward the idea of their mastery over nature, America, and the Indians--and how this progression is inextricably linked to the impetus and rationale for empire.

The American Frontier

Author : Kenneth E. Lewis
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483297128
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis The American Frontier by : Kenneth E. Lewis

Download or read book The American Frontier written by Kenneth E. Lewis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Frontier: An Archaeological Study of Settlement Pattern and Process focuses on general rules or laws for the evolution of all agrarian frontiers, emphasizing those that are expanding. A variety of frontiers is also discussed in addition to the agrarian type to pinpoint similarities and differences. Organized into 11 chapters, this book first elucidates the processes of frontier colonization, and then describes the frontier model employed for the interpretation of documentary and material evidence for the examination of the development of South Carolina frontier. Some chapters then focus on the examination of South Carolina's colonial past in terms of the model to determine its degree of conformity with the latter and to set the stage for the archaeological study; the development of archaeological hypotheses; and a consideration of the material record. Other types of frontiers are characterized by separate developmental processes, and several of these are discussed in Chapter 10 as avenues for further research. This book will be valuable to scholars in several fields, including history, geography, and anthropology. Historical archaeologists will find it especially useful in designing research in former colonial areas and in modeling additional kinds of frontier change.

Science, the Endless Frontier

Author : Vannevar Bush
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069120165X
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, the Endless Frontier by : Vannevar Bush

Download or read book Science, the Endless Frontier written by Vannevar Bush and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic case for why government must support science—with a new essay by physicist and former congressman Rush Holt on what democracy needs from science today Science, the Endless Frontier is recognized as the landmark argument for the essential role of science in society and government’s responsibility to support scientific endeavors. First issued when Vannevar Bush was the director of the US Office of Scientific Research and Development during the Second World War, this classic remains vital in making the case that scientific progress is necessary to a nation’s health, security, and prosperity. Bush’s vision set the course for US science policy for more than half a century, building the world’s most productive scientific enterprise. Today, amid a changing funding landscape and challenges to science’s very credibility, Science, the Endless Frontier resonates as a powerful reminder that scientific progress and public well-being alike depend on the successful symbiosis between science and government. This timely new edition presents this iconic text alongside a new companion essay from scientist and former congressman Rush Holt, who offers a brief introduction and consideration of what society needs most from science now. Reflecting on the report’s legacy and relevance along with its limitations, Holt contends that the public’s ability to cope with today’s issues—such as public health, the changing climate and environment, and challenging technologies in modern society—requires a more capacious understanding of what science can contribute. Holt considers how scientists should think of their obligation to society and what the public should demand from science, and he calls for a renewed understanding of science’s value for democracy and society at large. A touchstone for concerned citizens, scientists, and policymakers, Science, the Endless Frontier endures as a passionate articulation of the power and potential of science.

The Changing Frontier

Author : Adam B. Jaffe
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022628672X
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis The Changing Frontier by : Adam B. Jaffe

Download or read book The Changing Frontier written by Adam B. Jaffe and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1945, Vannevar Bush, founder of Raytheon and one-time engineering dean at MIT, delivered a report to the president of the United States that argued for the importance of public support for science, and the importance of science for the future of the nation. The report, Science: The Endless Frontier, set America on a path toward strong and well-funded institutions of science, creating an intellectual architecture that still defines scientific endeavor today. In The Changing Frontier, Adam B. Jaffe and Benjamin Jones bring together a group of prominent scholars to consider the changes in science and innovation in the ensuing decades. The contributors take on such topics as changes in the organization of scientific research, the geography of innovation, modes of entrepreneurship, and the structure of research institutions and linkages between science and innovation. An important analysis of where science stands today, The Changing Frontier will be invaluable to practitioners and policy makers alike.

The Significance of the Frontier in American History

Author : Frederick Jackson Turner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781614275725
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis The Significance of the Frontier in American History by : Frederick Jackson Turner

Download or read book The Significance of the Frontier in American History written by Frederick Jackson Turner and published by . This book was released on 2014-02-13 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2014 Reprint of 1894 Edition. Full facsimile of the original edition. The "Frontier Thesis" or "Turner Thesis," is the argument advanced by historian Frederick Jackson Turner in 1894 that American democracy was formed by the American Frontier. He stressed the process-the moving frontier line-and the impact it had on pioneers going through the process. He also stressed consequences of a ostensibly limitless frontier and that American democracy and egalitarianism were the principle results. In Turner's thesis the American frontier established liberty by releasing Americans from European mindsets and eroding old, dysfunctional customs. The frontier had no need for standing armies, established churches, aristocrats or nobles, nor for landed gentry who controlled most of the land and charged heavy rents. Frontier land was free for the taking. Turner first announced his thesis in a paper entitled "The Significance of the Frontier in American History," delivered to the American Historical Association in 1893 in Chicago. He won very wide acclaim among historians and intellectuals. Turner's emphasis on the importance of the frontier in shaping American character influenced the interpretation found in thousands of scholarly histories. By the time Turner died in 1932, 60% of the leading history departments in the U.S. were teaching courses in frontier history along Turnerian lines.

Science at the American Frontier

Author : David Cahan
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
ISBN 13 : 9780803215085
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Science at the American Frontier by : David Cahan

Download or read book Science at the American Frontier written by David Cahan and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science at the American Frontier is both a biography of American physicist DeWitt Bristol Brace (1859?1905) and a study of the processes by which scientific knowledge and associated instrumentation were transferred from Europe to the United States and from the east coast to the American frontier. The authors trace Brace?s first-class scientific education in Boston, Baltimore, and Berlin, and they follow his career as he founded and built a department of physics at the University of Nebraska and pursued a research program at that institution. In doing so, they show how Brace?s career brought him into the vanguard of the American scientific community, and they illuminate the developmental process of departments of science at the newly founded land-grant colleges.

Fertility Change on the American Frontier

Author : Lee L. Bean
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520377664
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Fertility Change on the American Frontier by : Lee L. Bean

Download or read book Fertility Change on the American Frontier written by Lee L. Bean and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2024-07-26 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With findings that challenge conventional wisdom, Fertility Change on the American Frontier will interest demographers, sociologists, and historians. Examining the marriage and childbearing behavior of one predominantly L.D.S. (Mormon) population, the book calls into question traditional concepts and methods used to study high fertility populations. Mormons were responsible for the settlement, colonization, and development of one of America's last western frontiers. Availability of detailed information on marriage and childbearing, in a large file of approximately 185,000 family records, makes it possible to study the processes of the decline in fertility more extensively than has ever been done before in a major historical demographic study. The authors examine family formation among cohorts of women born between 1800 and 1899 and contrast two competing explanations of fertility change among Western societies: an adaptation argument versus an innovation argument. They demonstrate that the process of increasing fertility limitation beginning in the later part of the nineteenth century involves more than simply stopping childbearing after a given family size has been achieved. It reflects the adoption of a pattern of child spacing indicating a commitment to family limitation early in the marriage cycle. Clearly we must reexamine earlier studies which assumed that high-fertility populations were not interested in or aware of the possibilities of fertility control. Fertility control can no longer be treated as an innovation of Western industrial societies or as an innovation introduced through national family planning programs. We see that among the Utah frontier population marriage and childbearing represented a rational adaptation to a set of rapidly changing social and economic conditions. Without adequate technologies for family limitation, this population was nevertheless successful in reducing family size quickly and dramatically, once the presumed opportunities of the frontier disappeared. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1990.

Frontier Figures

Author : Beth E. Levy
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520952022
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontier Figures by : Beth E. Levy

Download or read book Frontier Figures written by Beth E. Levy and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-04-18 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontier Figures is a tour-de-force exploration of how the American West, both as physical space and inspiration, animated American music. Examining the work of such composers as Aaron Copland, Roy Harris, Virgil Thomson, Charles Wakefield Cadman, and Arthur Farwell, Beth E. Levy addresses questions of regionalism, race, and representation as well as changing relationships to the natural world to highlight the intersections between classical music and the diverse worlds of Indians, pioneers, and cowboys. Levy draws from an array of genres to show how different brands of western Americana were absorbed into American culture by way of sheet music, radio, lecture recitals, the concert hall, and film. Frontier Figures is a comprehensive illumination of what the West meant and still means to composers living and writing long after the close of the frontier.

Re-Dressing America's Frontier Past

Author : Peter Boag
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520949951
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Re-Dressing America's Frontier Past by : Peter Boag

Download or read book Re-Dressing America's Frontier Past written by Peter Boag and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans have long cherished romantic images of the frontier and its colorful cast of characters, where the cowboys are always rugged and the ladies always fragile. But in this book, Peter Boag opens an extraordinary window onto the real Old West. Delving into countless primary sources and surveying sexological and literary sources, Boag paints a vivid picture of a West where cross-dressing—for both men and women—was pervasive, and where easterners as well as Mexicans and even Indians could redefine their gender and sexual identities. Boag asks, why has this history been forgotten and erased? Citing a cultural moment at the turn of the twentieth century—when the frontier ended, the United States entered the modern era, and homosexuality was created as a category—Boag shows how the American people, and thus the American nation, were bequeathed an unambiguous heterosexual identity.

Our Scientific Frontier

Author : Sir William Patrick Andrew
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.B/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Scientific Frontier by : Sir William Patrick Andrew

Download or read book Our Scientific Frontier written by Sir William Patrick Andrew and published by . This book was released on 1880 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "scientific frontier" is a term used by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli (Lord Beaconsfield) of Great Britain in 1878 to denote a border between British India (in present-day Pakistan) and Afghanistan, which could be occupied and defended according to the requirements of the science of military strategy, as opposed to the existing frontier, which had been formed by a haphazard pattern of British expansion through agreements and annexations. The term subsequently figured prominently in British discussions about the defense of British India from a possible Russian invasion through Afghanistan. Our Scientific Frontier, published toward the end of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878-80), is an analysis of this subject, written to influence the British debate on the terms of peace. The author, William Patrick Andrew, was chairman of the Scinde, Punjab, and Delhi Railway Company, and thus an expert on logistics and transport in India and along its frontiers. The book contains chapters on the Northwest Frontier, the history, geography, and economy of Afghanistan, the independent border tribes, mountain passes, probable routes of invasion from Afghanistan into India, and the "Powindahs, or Soldier-Merchants of Afghanistan." Three appendices cover the Sherpur entrenchments that were part of the defense of Kabul, the Bolan and Khyber railways (neither of which was constructed until after the period discussed), and transport by rail of troops, horses, guns, and war matériel in India.

People's Science

Author : Ruha Benjamin
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804786739
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis People's Science by : Ruha Benjamin

Download or read book People's Science written by Ruha Benjamin and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An engaging, insightful, and challenging call to examine both the rhetoric and reality of innovation and inclusion in science and science policy.” —Daniel R. Morrison, American Journal of Sociology Stem cell research has sparked controversy and heated debate since the first human stem cell line was derived in 1998. Too frequently these debates devolve to simple judgments—good or bad, life-saving medicine or bioethical nightmare, symbol of human ingenuity or our fall from grace—ignoring the people affected. With this book, Ruha Benjamin moves the terms of debate to focus on the shifting relationship between science and society, on the people who benefit—or don’t—from regenerative medicine and what this says about our democratic commitments to an equitable society. People’s Science uncovers the tension between scientific innovation and social equality, taking the reader inside California’s 2004 stem cell initiative, the first of many state referenda on scientific research, to consider the lives it has affected. Benjamin reveals the promise and peril of public participation in science, illuminating issues of race, disability, gender, and socio-economic class that serve to define certain groups as more or less deserving in their political aims and biomedical hopes. Ultimately, Ruha Benjamin argues that without more deliberate consideration about how scientific initiatives can and should reflect a wider array of social concerns, stem cell research—from African Americans’ struggle with sickle cell treatment to the recruitment of women as tissue donors—still risks excluding many. Even as regenerative medicine is described as a participatory science for the people, Benjamin asks us to consider if “the people” ultimately reflects our democratic ideals.

Freethought on the American Frontier

Author : Fred Whitehead
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Freethought on the American Frontier by : Fred Whitehead

Download or read book Freethought on the American Frontier written by Fred Whitehead and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A stirring anthology that documents, in poetry, song, stories, memoirs, and essays, the breadth and scope of secularism from the early 19th century to the present. Included are pieces by the notables--Twain, Dreiser, Lindsay, Service, Sandburg, Hughes, Masters, et al.--as well as grassroots contributions. Also included are photographs of authors, historical sites, and The Truth seeker cartoons of Watson Hedges. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

The effect of the American frontier on military science and tactics

Author : Richard Davis Laing
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (385 download)

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Book Synopsis The effect of the American frontier on military science and tactics by : Richard Davis Laing

Download or read book The effect of the American frontier on military science and tactics written by Richard Davis Laing and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

In Search of the Racial Frontier: African Americans in the American West 1528-1990

Author : Quintard Taylor
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393318893
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (933 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of the Racial Frontier: African Americans in the American West 1528-1990 by : Quintard Taylor

Download or read book In Search of the Racial Frontier: African Americans in the American West 1528-1990 written by Quintard Taylor and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 1999-05-17 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American West is mistakenly known as a region with few African Americans and virtually no black history. This work challenges that view in a chronicle that begins in 1528 and carries through to the present-day black success in politics and the surging interest in multiculturalism.

Fermilab

Author : Lillian Hoddeson
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226346250
Total Pages : 515 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Fermilab by : Lillian Hoddeson

Download or read book Fermilab written by Lillian Hoddeson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, located in the western suburbs of Chicago, has stood at the frontier of high-energy physics for forty years. Fermilab is the first history of this laboratory and of its powerful accelerators told from the point of view of the people who built and used them for scientific discovery. Focusing on the first two decades of research at Fermilab, during the tenure of the laboratory’s charismatic first two directors, Robert R. Wilson and Leon M. Lederman, the book traces the rise of what they call “megascience,” the collaborative struggle to conduct large-scale international experiments in a climate of limited federal funding. In the midst of this new climate, Fermilab illuminates the growth of the modern research laboratory during the Cold War and captures the drama of human exploration at the cutting edge of science.