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Author : Rebecca Henderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Scale, Scope and Spillovers written by Rebecca Henderson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rebecca Henderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Scale, Scope and Spillovers written by Rebecca Henderson and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents the results of a study of the determinants of research productivity in the pharmaceutical industry. Using disaggregated, internal firm data at the research program level from ten major pharmaceutical companies, we find no evidence of increasing returns to scale at either the firm or the research program level. However our results suggest that there are three benefits to running research programs within the context of larger and more diversified R & D efforts: economies of scale arising from sharing fixed costs; economies of scope arising from the opportunity to exploit knowledge across program boundaries within the firm; and the enhanced ability to absorb internal and external spillovers. We also find that spillovers between firms may playa major role in increasing research productivity. The paper also speaks directly to the question of firm heterogeneity. A significant proportion of the "firm effect" identified in previous studies can be explained by the slowly changing composition of the research portfolio, as well as by less easily measured aspects of innovative capability.
Author : Iain Cockburn
Publisher : Legare Street Press
ISBN 13 : 9781019410349
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Scale, Scope and Spillovers written by Iain Cockburn and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking study examines the factors that determine the success of research in the pharmaceutical industry. Using data from a comprehensive survey of drug discovery projects, the authors identify the key drivers of research productivity, including scale, scope, and knowledge spillovers. They also explore the role of public policy in promoting innovation and improving the efficiency of the drug discovery process. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the economics of innovation and the future of the pharmaceutical industry. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author : Rebecca Henderson
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780484112215
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (122 download)
Download or read book Scale, Scope and Spillovers written by Rebecca Henderson and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Scale, Scope and Spillovers: The Determinants of Research Productivity in Ethical Drug Discovery Economies of scale and scope in the production of knowledge play an important role in the theory of the firm, and the belief that there are significant spillovers of knowledge across firms has assumed a central role in new theories of economic growth. But although a considerable body of historical evidence is consistent with the existence of scale and scope economies in research, econometric efforts to document their importance have generated surprisingly inconclusive and sometimes contradictory results. Evidence for the existence of spillovers, although quite compelling, is also unsatisfactorily incomplete given the importance of their role in modern theory. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author : Iain Cockburn
Publisher : Nabu Press
ISBN 13 : 9781293726402
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (264 download)
Download or read book Scale, Scope and Spillovers written by Iain Cockburn and published by Nabu Press. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
Author : David Quammen
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393066800
Total Pages : 591 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic written by David Quammen and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2012-10 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A masterpiece of science reporting that tracks the animal origins of emerginghuman diseases.
Author : Jan Stejskal
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319670298
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Knowledge Spillovers in Regional Innovation Systems written by Jan Stejskal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an assessment of the evolution and dynamics of regional innovation systems (RISs) and the economic and social impact of resulting knowledge spillovers, presenting comparative case studies on the regions of several Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries (Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Lithuania and Estonia). It analyses RISs on the basis of several dimensions, such as absorption capacity and intellectual capital, and using several methods such as data envelopment analysis, patent network analysis, and weighted sum approach. Further, by looking at the economic and social impact of knowledge spillovers in RISs and networking, it identifies key distinguishing factors, including foreign direct investments, still prevalent centralized decision-making, EU-driven innovation policies and public financing of innovations. Sectoral case studies, e.g. from the automobile, chemical and other hi-tech manufacturing industries, are presented to help readers understand the different types of knowledge spillovers in CEE countries and the evolution and dynamics of RISs, and provide a multifaceted overview of the CEE regions.
Author : Giovanni Dosi
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191530220
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book The Nature and Dynamics of Organizational Capabilities written by Giovanni Dosi and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2001-11-29 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the editors and a team of distinguished international contributors analyse the nature of organizational capabilities–how organizations do things, use their knowledge base, and diffuse that knowledge in a competitive environment. Dosi is the author and editor of numerous books including Technology, Organization, and Competitiveness (OUP, 1998). He is also one of the editors of the journal Industrial and Corporate Change published by Oxford University Press. Nelson and Winter are recognized as leading proponents of evolutionary perspectives in economics and management. The book includes chapters from David Teece, Keith Pavitt, Benjamin Coriat, and Richard Florida amongst others.
Author : Carlo Pietrobelli
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134433689
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)
Download or read book Linking Local and Global Economies written by Carlo Pietrobelli and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-08-28 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clusters of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have to adapt continually to a fast changing environment. This new book, containing contributions on countries ranging from Italy and Mexico to China and India, recognises the disparity between conditions in these countries and poses some interesting questions about what might be termed post clu
Author : Gordon L. Clark
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199250837
Total Pages : 780 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (58 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography written by Gordon L. Clark and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-07-10 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 Economic Geography: Transition and Growth Gordon L Clark and Maryann Feldmann and Meric Gertler 2 Economic Geography: The Great Half Century Allen Scott Part I Conceptual Perspectives Section 1 Mapping the Territory 3 Where in the World is the 'New Economic Geography'? Paul Krugman 4 Doing Regulation Jamie Peck Section 2 Analytical Frameworks 5 The New Economics of Urban and Regional Growth Ed Glaeser 6 Geography or Economics? Conceptions of Space, Time, Interdependence, and Agency Eric Sheppard Part II Global Economic Integration Section 3 Investment and Trade 7 The Geography of International Investment Tony Venables and Howard Shatz 8 Globalization, Localization, and Trade Michael Storpor Section 4 Development and Underdevelopment 9 Geography and Economic Development John Gallup and Andrew Mellinger and Jeffrey Sachs 10 The Great Tablecloth: Bread and Butter Politics and the Political Economy of Food and Poverty Michael Watts Section 5 Finance Capital 11 The Regulation of International Finance Risto Laulajainen 12 Finance and Localities Adam Tickell Part III Corporate Structure, Strategy, and Location Section 6 Competition, Location, and Strategy 13 Locations, Clusters, and Company Strategy Michael Porter 14 Places and Flows: Situating International Investment Peter Dicken 15 The Globalization of Retail Capital: Themes for Economic Geography Neil Wrigley Section 7 Remaking the Corporation 16 The Management of Time and Space Erica Schoenberger 17 Corporate Form and Spatial Form David B. Audretsch Part IV The Geography of Innovation Section 8 National and Localized Learning 18 National States and Economic Development: from National Systems of Production to National Systems of Knowledge Creation and Learning Bengt-Ake Lundvall and Peter Maskell 19 Location and Innovation: The New Economic Geography of Innovation, Spillover, and Agglomeration Maryann Feldman 20 Restructuring and Innovation in Long Term Regional Change Cristiano Antonelli Section 9 Districts and Regional Innovation Systems 21 Industrial Districts: The Contributions of Marshall and Beyond Bjorn Asheim 22 Innovation Networks, Regions, and Globalization Beat Hotz-Hart Part V Localities and Difference Section 10 Labour and Locality 23 Local Labour Markets: Their Nature, Performance, and Regulation Ron Martin 24 Firms, Workers, and the Geographic Concentration of Economic Activity Gordon Hanson Section 11 Gender, Race, and Place 25 Feminists Rethink the Economic: The Economics of Gender/the Gender of Economics Linda McDowelll 26 Racial and Economic Segregation in US Metropolitan Areas John Kain Section 12 Communities, Politics, and Power 27 Elite Power, Global Forces, and the Political Economy of Global Development Eric Swyngedouw 28 Economic Geography in Practice: Local Economic Development Policy Amy Glasmeier Part VI Global Transformations Section 13 Environment and Regulation 29 Markets and Environmental Quality R. Kerry Turner 30 Environmental Innovation and Regulation David Angel Section 14 Trade and Investment Blocs 31 Spontaneous Integration in Japan and East Asia: Development Crisis and Beyond Tetsuo Abo 32 Regional Economic Integration in North America John Holmes 33 The EU as more than a Triad Market for National Economic Spaces Ash Amin Part VII Coda 34 Pandora's Box? Cultural Geographies of Economies Nigel Thrift.
Author : Akira Negishi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811678146
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Competition Law and Policy in the Japanese Pharmaceutical Sector written by Akira Negishi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-08 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book published that focuses on competition law and policy in the Japanese pharmaceutical sector. It consists of chapters written and edited by academics who research the industry from various perspectives, including economics, competition law, pharmaceutical regulations, and intellectual property law. Competition policies involving pharmaceutical products attract attention from academics and policymakers worldwide. The pharmaceutical industry is regulated by drug laws that vary from country to country and are affected by differing practices and industrial structures. The book begins by examining drug regulations and trade practices in the industry that are peculiar to Japan and its healthcare system. It then presents the Japanese Antimonopoly Act and cases involving it, and discussions of current competition law issues in the Japanese pharmaceutical industry. The book also discusses innovation and intellectual property and economic analyses of pharmaceutical regulations and drug discovery. The chapters include comparative studies on Japanese regulations vs. those in the European Union and the United States. Japan is one of the biggest pharmaceutical markets in the world. With this in mind, the book provides “one-stop shopping” for anyone interested in pharmaceutical regulations in the country. Covering the basics but extending to in-depth explorations of complex problems, this book appeals not only to students and academics, pharmaceutical companies and regulators, but also to those dealing with real-world policy issues that encompass competition policy, intellectual property, and pharmaceutical regulation. Chapter 11 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com
Author : Thomas Brenner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134313012
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)
Download or read book Local Industrial Clusters written by Thomas Brenner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The book establishes a mathematical model is to analyse the dynamics of clustering and the conditions that are to be satisfied if a local industrial cluster is to evolve. This model allows predictions about the spatial distribution of firms to be deducted, which are empirically tested in the book. This thorough methodology allows the author to study the existence of local industrial clusters in Germany, their stability and the industrial characteristics that are responsible for their existence." "Local Industrial Clusters will be a valuable read for policy-makers as well as academics."--Jacket.
Author : University of Chicago Law Review
Publisher : Quid Pro Books
ISBN 13 : 161027850X
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (12 download)
Download or read book University of Chicago Law Review: Volume 81, Number 3 - Summer 2014 written by University of Chicago Law Review and published by Quid Pro Books. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third issue of 2014 features three articles from recognized legal scholars, as well as extensive student research. Contents include: Articles: • Following Lower-Court Precedent, by Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl • Constitutional Outliers, by Justin Driver • Intellectual Property versus Prizes: Reframing the Debate, by Benjamin N. Roin Review: • The Text, the Whole Text, and Nothing but the Text, So Help Me God: Un-Writing Amar's Unwritten Constitution, by Michael Stokes Paulsen Comments: • Standing on Ceremony: Can Lead Plaintiffs Claim Injury from Securities That They Did Not Purchase?, by Corey K. Brady • FISA's Fuzzy Line between Domestic and International Terrorism, by Nick Harper • The Perceived Intrusiveness of Searching Electronic Devices at the Border: An Empirical Study, by Matthew B. Kugler • Comcast Corp v Behrend and Chaos on the Ground, by Alex Parkinson • Maybe Once, Maybe Twice: Using the Rule of Lenity to Determine Whether 18 USC 924(c) Defines One Crime or Two, by F. Italia Patti • Let's Be Reasonable: Controlling Self-Help Discovery in False Claims Act Suits, by Stephen M. Payne • A Dispute Over Bona Fide Disputes in Involuntary Bankruptcy Proceedings, by Steven J. Winkelman The University of Chicago Law Review first appeared in 1933, thirty-one years after the Law School offered its first classes. Since then the Law Review has continued to serve as a forum for the expression of ideas of leading professors, judges, and practitioners, as well as students, and as a training ground for University of Chicago Law School students, who serve as its editors and contribute Comments and other research. Principal articles and essays are authored by accomplished legal and economics scholars. Quality ebook formatting includes active TOC, linked notes, active URLs in notes, and all the charts, tables, and formulae found in the original print version.
Author : Scott Shane
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405127910
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)
Download or read book The Handbook of Technology and Innovation Management written by Scott Shane and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-07 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely handbook represents the latest thinking in the field of technology and innovation management, with an up-to-date overview of the key developments in the field. The editor provides with a critical, introductory essay that establishes the theoretical framework for studying technology and innovation management The book will include 15-20 original essays by leading authors chosen for their key contribution to the field These chapters chart the important debates and theoretical issues under 3 or 4 thematic headings The handbook concludes with an essay by the Editor highlighting the emergent issues for research The book is targeted as a handbook for academics as well as a text for graduate courses in technology and innovation management
Author : Wenying Fu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662454165
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)
Download or read book Towards a Dynamic Regional Innovation System written by Wenying Fu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-05 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embedding the theoretical discussion on the framework of evolutionary regional innovation systems (RIS), this book reveals the informal nature of the emerging RIS in China, within which interactive learning is organized on the basis of social networks. Furthermore, in a comparative study in the Pearl River Delta, China demonstrates that dirigiste governance in the initial industrialization phase leads to a more mature and developed RIS than does grassroots governance. The theoretical developments and empirical investigation presented in this book will grant readers a deeper understanding of the specific features of RIS within the transitional context of emerging economies.
Author : Daria Kim
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030867781
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)
Download or read book Access to Non-Summary Clinical Trial Data for Research Purposes Under EU Law written by Daria Kim and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book draws a unique perspective on the regulation of access to clinical trial data as a case on research and knowledge externalities. Notwithstanding numerous potential benefits for medical research and public health, many jurisdictions have struggled to ensure access to clinical trial data, even at the level of the trial results. Pro-access policy initiatives have been strongly opposed by research-based drug companies arguing that mandatory data disclosure impedes their innovation incentives. Conventionally, access to test data has been approached from the perspective of transparency and research ethics. The book offers a complementary view and considers access to individual patient-level trial data for exploratory analysis as a matter of research and innovation policy. Such approach appears to be especially relevant in the data-driven economy where digital data constitutes a valuable economic resource. The study seeks to define how the rules of access to clinical trial data should be designed to reconcile the policy objectives of leveraging the research potential of data through secondary analysis, on the one hand, and protecting economic incentives of research-based drug companies, on the other hand. Overall, it is argued that the mainstream innovation-based justification for exclusive control over the outcomes of research and development can hardly rationalise trial sponsors’ control over primary data from trials. Instead, access to such data and its robust analysis should be prioritised.
Author : David Michael Gould
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 146481158X
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book Critical Connections written by David Michael Gould and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-09-25 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical Connections examines how trade, investment, migration, and other linkages among countries drive economic growth in the Europe and Central Asia region. The study breaks new ground by using a multidimensional approach that recognizes how each connectivity channel for growth is likely to be affected by the strength of other channels. This multidimensional view makes it easier to see that diversity in country connections and balance in all channels of connectivity are critical for achieving the greatest impact on growth. Europe and Central Asia provides a great laboratory for observing the role of multidimensional connectivity in action. The region’s 30 countries vary widely in the openness of their economies. Its collective experience shows how the various elements of cross-border connectivity work together to accelerate progrowth knowledge transfers, which in turn boost productivity through participation in today’s global value chains. A country’s economic partner might be just as important as the type of connection. Being well connected to highly connected countries can provide benefits beyond being well connected to comparatively isolated countries. Although greater connectivity can expose countries to external shocks, the report presents fact-based argument for policies that seek to build deeper and more diverse connections within the Europe and Central Asia region and globally. The message is timely. Europe’s once-confident march toward economic integration has slowed over the past decade, with voices in many countries questioning the wisdom of opening to the global economy. Critical Connections serves as a reminder to citizens and policy makers that greater regional and global connectivity has been a tremendous “convergence machine,†? raising living standards of lower-income countries toward those of wealthier middle- to high-income countries.
