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Salaries Of Members Of Congress
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Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Special Subcommittee to Consider Legislation on Judicial and Congressional Salaries Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :332 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (31 download)
Book Synopsis Salaries of Justices and Judges of United States Courts and Members of Congress by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Special Subcommittee to Consider Legislation on Judicial and Congressional Salaries
Download or read book Salaries of Justices and Judges of United States Courts and Members of Congress written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Special Subcommittee to Consider Legislation on Judicial and Congressional Salaries and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Congressional Pay and Perks by : Ida Brudnick
Download or read book Congressional Pay and Perks written by Ida Brudnick and published by The Capitol Net Inc. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress is required by Article I, Section 6, of the Constitution to determine its own pay. Prior to 1969, Congress did so by enacting stand-alone legislation. From 1789 through 1968, Congress raised its pay 22 times using this procedure. Members were initially paid per diem. The first annual salaries, in 1815, were $1,500. Per diem pay was reinstituted in 1817. Congress returned to annual salaries, at a rate of $3,000, in 1855. By 1968, pay had risen to $30,000. Stand-alone legislation may still be used to raise Member pay, as it was most recently in 1982, 1983, 1989, and 1991; but two other methods--including an automatic annual adjustment procedure and a commission process--are now also available. The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 established the current formula for automatic annual adjustments, which is based on changes in private sector wages and salaries as measured by the Employment Cost Index. The adjustment goes into effect automatically unless denied statutorily by Congress, although the percentage may not exceed the percentage base pay increase for General Schedule employees. Allowances are available to Representatives and Senators to support them in their official and representational duties as Members. These allowances cover official office expenses, staff, mail, and other goods and services. Despite significant reductions in congressional mail postage costs over the past 20 years, critics continue to raise concerns that the franking privilege is both financially wasteful and gives unfair advantages to incumbents in congressional elections. In particular, mass mailings have come under increased scrutiny as critics argue that the vast majority of franked mail is unsolicited and, in effect, publicly funded campaign literature. Members of Congress first elected in 1984 or later are covered automatically under the Federal Employees' Retirement System (FERS), unless they decline this coverage. Those who already were in Congress when Social Security coverage went into effect could either remain in CSRS or change their coverage to FERS. Members are now covered under one of four different retirement arrangements: CSRS and Social Security; The "CSRS Offset" plan, which includes both CSRS and Social Security, but with CSRS contributions and benefits reduced by Social Security contributions and benefits; FERS and Social Security; or Social Security alone. Congressional pensions, like those of other federal employees, are financed through a combination of employee and employer contributions. All Members pay Social Security payroll taxes equal to 6.2% of the Social Security taxable wage base ($102,000 in 2008 and $106,800 in 2009). Members enrolled in FERS also pay 1.3% of full salary to the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund. In 2008, Members covered by CSRS Offset pay 1.8% of the first $102,000 of salary, and 8.0% of salary above this amount, into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund. Under both CSRS and FERS, Members of Congress are eligible for a pension at age 62 if they have completed at least five years of service. Members are eligible for a pension at age 50 if they have completed 20 years of service, or at any age after completing 25 years of service. The amount of the pension depends on years of service and the average of the highest three years of salary. By law, the starting amount of a Member's retirement annuity may not exceed 80% of his or her final salary. After Members of the House leave office, they are afforded certain courtesies and privileges. Some are derived from House Rules, but many are courtesies that have been extended as a matter of custom. Former Representatives who become lobbyists have limited privileges. See full Table of Contents at https://www.thecapitol.net/Publications/GovernmentSeries/1657_CongressionalPayAndPerks.html
Book Synopsis Congressional Pay and Perks: Salaries, Pension and Retirement, Franking, Travel, and Other Benefits for U.S. Senators and Representatives by : Ida A. Brudnick
Download or read book Congressional Pay and Perks: Salaries, Pension and Retirement, Franking, Travel, and Other Benefits for U.S. Senators and Representatives written by Ida A. Brudnick and published by TheCapitol.Net Inc. This book was released on 2010-02 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congressional pay and perks are examined in detail in this reference compiledby TheCapitol.Net.
Book Synopsis Salaries of Justices and Judges of United States Courts and Members of Congress by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Download or read book Salaries of Justices and Judges of United States Courts and Members of Congress written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Salaries for Members of Congress by : Paul E. Dwyer
Download or read book Salaries for Members of Congress written by Paul E. Dwyer and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Special Committee on the Reduction of Salaries Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (15 download)
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress by : United States. Congress. House. Special Committee on the Reduction of Salaries
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress written by United States. Congress. House. Special Committee on the Reduction of Salaries and published by . This book was released on 1873 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress, Federal Judges, and United States Attorneys by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress, Federal Judges, and United States Attorneys written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Special Subcommittee to Consider Legislation on Judicial and Congressional Salaries Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :328 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Salaries of Justices and Judges of U.S. Courts and Members of Congress by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Special Subcommittee to Consider Legislation on Judicial and Congressional Salaries
Download or read book Salaries of Justices and Judges of U.S. Courts and Members of Congress written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Special Subcommittee to Consider Legislation on Judicial and Congressional Salaries and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers (84) S. 165, (84) S. 462, (84) S. 540.
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress, Federal Judges, and U.S. Attorneys by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress, Federal Judges, and U.S. Attorneys written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers legislation to increase salaries for Judges, Members of Congress, and U.S. Attorneys, and to prohibit private practice by U.S. Attorneys.
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress by : Paul E. Dwyer
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress written by Paul E. Dwyer and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Salaries and Benefits for Members of Congress by : Kathryn M. Green
Download or read book Salaries and Benefits for Members of Congress written by Kathryn M. Green and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarises the current salary of members of Congress, limits on their outside earned income and honoraria, and applicable health insurance and retirement benefits. It also provides information on allowances available to Representatives and Senators to support them in their official and representational duties as members. These allowances cover office expenses, staff, mail, and other goods and services. Also listed are the salaries of congressional officers and officials and salary limits for committee staff.
Author :Congressional Research Congressional Research Service Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781503089877 Total Pages :34 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (898 download)
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress by : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Constitution, in Article I, Section 6, authorizes compensation for Members of Congress "ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States." Throughout American history, Congress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. Specific legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years. The second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975 to 1989, these annual adjustments were based on the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be determined by a formula based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index (ECI). Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted 13 times (scheduled for January 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009) and denied 11 times (scheduled for January 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014). Since January 2009, the salary for Members of Congress has been $174,000. Subsequent adjustments were denied by P.L. 111-8 (enacted March 11, 2009), P.L. 111-165 (May 14, 2010), P.L. 111-322 (December 22, 2010), P.L. 112-175 (September 28, 2012), P.L. 112-240 (January 2, 2013), and P.L. 113-46 (October 17, 2013). A provision in the House-passed version of the FY2015 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill (H.R. 4487, passed on May 1, 2014) would prohibit the scheduled January 2015 adjustment. In the 113th Congress, bills have been introduced to alter the adjustment procedure, reduce the pay of Members of Congress, extend the current pay freeze, prohibit pay during a government shutdown, and apply any sequester to Member pay. A third method for adjusting Member pay is congressional action pursuant to recommendations from the President, based on the recommendations of the Citizens' Commission on Public Service and Compensation established in the 1989 Ethics Reform Act. Although the Citizens' Commission should have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. For historical tables on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared with actual adjustments in Member pay; details on enacted legislation with language prohibiting the automatic annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992, see CRS Report 97-1011, Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables, by Ida A. Brudnick. Members of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. For additional information on retirement benefit requirements, contributions, and formulas, see CRS Report RL30631, Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress, by Katelin P. Isaacs.
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress, 1789-2003 by : Paul E. Dwyer
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress, 1789-2003 written by Paul E. Dwyer and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress is required by Article I, Section 6, of the Constitution to determine its own pay. Prior to 1969, Congress did so by enacting stand-alone legislation. From 1789 through 1968, Congress raised its pay 22 times using this procedure. Congressional salaries initially were USD1,500. By 1968, they had risen to USD30,000. Stand-alone legislation may still be used to raise Member pay, as it was most recently in 1982, 1983, 1989, and 1991, but two other methods are now also available, an automatic annual adjustment procedure and a commission process. Contents: Preface; Salaries of Members of Congress: Payable Rates and Effective Dates, 1789-2003; Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2003; Salaries of Members of Congress: Current Procedures and Recent Adjustments; Index.
Book Synopsis Judicial and Congressional Salaries by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Download or read book Judicial and Congressional Salaries written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress by : Paul E. Dwyer
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress written by Paul E. Dwyer and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress by :
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congressional debate on salary increases for Members of Congress generally focuses on the adequacy of their current pay, the costs associated with being a Member of Congress, and prevailing economic and budgetary conditions. The U.S. Constitution, in Article I, Section 6, authorizes compensation for Members "ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States." Throughout American history, Congress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries of Members. Stand-alone legislation, the most frequently used method, was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress until 1967, when Congress established the commission procedure. The second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975-1989, these annual adjustments were based upon the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index. Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted eight times and denied five times. From 1989 to January 2003, the salary of Representatives increased from $96,600 to $154,700, and the salary of Senators from $98,400 to $154,700. Members last received a pay adjustment in January 2003, based upon the formula established in 1989, increasing by 3.1% to $154,700 from $150,000. In January 2004, Members are scheduled to receive a 2.2% annual adjustment, increasing their salary to $158,100. It is possible that Members will receive a 1.5% increase instead, if Congress does not approve the conference report on an omnibus spending bill by the end of 2003. The third method for adjusting Members' pay is adjustments made pursuant to recommendations from the President. These guidelines are based on the recommendations of a Citizens' Commission on Public Service and Compensation. Although the Citizens' Commission was to have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. There is no current plan to use the procedure. This report describes the methods by which Members' pay can be adjusted, the most recent changes to these methods in 1989, and congressional actions on Members' pay issues since the late 1980s. Although the report covers pay adjustments for all Members, it does not address the differing pay rates for House and Senate leadership positions. Table 1 provides Members' payable salary rates, effective dates, and statutory authorities for 1789-2003.
Author :Congressional Service Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781984208620 Total Pages :26 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (86 download)
Book Synopsis Salaries of Members of Congress by : Congressional Service
Download or read book Salaries of Members of Congress written by Congressional Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-01-26 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress is required by Article I, Section 6, of the Constitution to determine its own pay. In the past, Congress periodically enacted specific legislation to alter its pay; the last time this occurred affected pay in 1991. More recently, pay has been determined pursuant to laws establishing formulas for automatic adjustments. The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 established the current automatic annual adjustment formula, which is based on changes in private sector wages as measured by the Employment Cost Index (ECI). The adjustment is automatic unless denied statutorily, although the percentage may not exceed the percentage base pay increase for General Schedule (GS) employees. Member pay has since been frozen in two ways: (1) directly, through legislation that freezes salaries for Members but not for other federal employees, and (2) indirectly, through broader pay freeze legislation that covers Members and other specified categories of federal employees. Members of Congress last received a pay adjustment in January 2009. At that time, their salary was increased 2.8%, to $174,000. This freeze represents a decrease of 12% from 2009 through 2017 when adjusted for inflation. A provision in P.L. 111-8 prohibited any pay adjustment for 2010. Under the pay adjustment formula, Members were originally scheduled to receive an adjustment in January 2010 of 2.1%, although this would have been revised downward automatically to 1.5% to match the GS base pay adjustment. Members next were scheduled to receive a 0.9% pay adjustment in 2011. The pay adjustment was prohibited by P.L. 111-165. Additionally, P.L. 111-322 prevented any adjustment in GS base pay before December 31, 2012. Since the percentage adjustment in Member pay may not exceed the percentage adjustment in the base pay of GS employees, Member pay was also frozen during this period. If not limited by GS pay, Member pay could have been adjusted by 1.3% in 2012. The ECI formula established a maximum potential pay adjustment in January 2013 of 1.1%. P.L. 112-175 extended the freeze on GS pay rates for the duration of this continuing resolution, which also extended the Member freeze since the percentage adjustment in Member pay may not exceed the percentage adjustment in GS base pay. Subsequently, Member pay for 2013 was further frozen in P.L. 112-240. The maximum potential 2014 pay adjustment of 1.2%, or $2,100, was denied by P.L. 113-46. The maximum potential January 2015 Member pay adjustment under the ECI formula was 1.6%, or $2,800. The President proposed a 1.0% increase in the base pay of GS employees, which would automatically have limited any Member pay adjustment to 1.0%. P.L. 113-235 contained a provision prohibiting any Member pay adjustment. The maximum potential January 2016 pay adjustment of 1.7%, or $3,000, under the ECI formula would have been limited to 1.0%, or $1,700, due to the GS base pay increase. Member pay for 2016 was frozen by P.L. 114-113. The maximum potential January 2017 pay adjustment of 1.6%, or $2,800, under the ECI formula would have been limited to 1.0%, or $1,700, due to the GS base pay increase. Member pay for 2017 was frozen by P.L. 114-254. The maximum potential January 2018 pay adjustment of 1.8%, or $3,100, was automatically limited to 1.4%, or $2,400. The FY2018 continuing appropriations resolutions have continued the existing pay freeze for the duration of each resolution. If Members of Congress had received every adjustment prescribed by the ECI formula since 1992, and the 2 U.S.C. 4501 limitation regarding the percentage base pay increase for GS employees remained unchanged, the 2018 salary would be $208,000. Both the automatic annual adjustments and funding for Members' salaries are provided pursuant to other laws (2 U.S.C. 4501)-not the annual appropriations bills-and a provision prohibiting a scheduled adjustment could be included in any bill, or introduced as a separate bill.
