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Safeguarding Banks And Containing Property Booms
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Book Synopsis Safeguarding Banks and Containing Property Booms by : Mr.Ashvin Ahuja
Download or read book Safeguarding Banks and Containing Property Booms written by Mr.Ashvin Ahuja and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We assess the effectiveness of macroprudential policies against a number of different indicators of property sector activity and financial stability. At the cross-country level the use of LTV caps decelerates property price growth. Both LTV and DTI caps slow property lending growth. LTV caps also affect a broader range of financial stability indicators in economies with pegged exchange rates and currency boards. For Hong Kong SAR, LTV policy tends to be forward looking, with caps lowered to counter downward movements in mortgage rates, and higher growth in mortgage loan and volumes of transactions. The reduction in caps appears to respond to small and medium size flat price appreciation, and contributes to a decline in high-end volume growth after a year and total transactions volume growth after 11⁄2?2 years. Price growth responds favorably after 2 years. The evidence suggests LTV tightening could affect property activity through the expectations channel rather than through the credit channel.
Book Synopsis With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility by : Mr.Ivo Krznar
Download or read book With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility written by Mr.Ivo Krznar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of the policy measures taken by Canadian authorities to address the housing boom. We find that the the last three rounds of macroprudential policies implemented since 2010 were associated with lower mortgage credit growth and house price growth. The international experience suggests that—in addition to tighter loan-to-value limits and shorter amortization periods—lower caps on the debt-to-income ratio and higher risk weights could be effective if the housing boom were to reignite. Over the medium term, the authorities could consider structural measures to further improve the soundness of housing finance.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1475599099 Total Pages :73 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (755 download)
Book Synopsis New Zealand by : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Download or read book New Zealand written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2017 Article IV Consultation highlights New Zealand’s economic expansion, which since early 2011 gained further broad-based momentum in 2016. GDP growth accelerated to 4 percent, and the output gap has roughly closed. Reconstruction spending after the 2011 Canterbury earthquake was an important catalyst, but the expansion has also been supported by accommodative monetary policy, a net migration wave, improving services exports, and strong terms of trade. There was some weakening of momentum in the fourth quarter of 2016, owing to softer private consumption and a sharp drop in exports, but it is expected to be temporary. Growth should rebound and then moderate toward trend in the medium term, in particular as net migration normalizes.
Author :International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498339433 Total Pages :54 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Sweden by : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Download or read book Sweden written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-09-02 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues Paper on Sweden focuses on macroprudential policies in Sweden. Sweden’s banking system meets most standard measures of financial soundness. However, with its large and wholesale-dependent banking sector, high and increasing household debt, and resurgent house price growth, additional measures are needed to contain mounting financial stability risks. On the supply side, this means continuing to strengthen capital and liquidity requirements. However, theoretical and empirical evidence points to a need to also limit credit demand, including through effective steps to increase the rate of mortgage amortization. Empirical evidence suggests that demand-side measures are effective in curbing household borrowing. There is less evidence on the simultaneous use of these tools—a scenario particularly relevant for Sweden. The model also suggests that higher policy rates will impact both mortgage supply and demand. The main findings are qualitatively unchanged across different sample periods and alternative sign restrictions—for example, about the contemporaneous correlation between the monetary policy shock and output and inflation.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1475542240 Total Pages :30 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (755 download)
Book Synopsis Ireland by : International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Download or read book Ireland written by International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Technical Note discusses the findings and recommendations made in the Financial Sector Assessment Program for Ireland in the area of the macroprudential policy framework. The current institutional arrangement in Ireland is appropriate for effective macroprudential policy and in line with IMF guidance. The Central Bank of Ireland’s analysis of systemic vulnerabilities is sophisticated and timely. The central bank has been introducing a range of macroprudential instruments to contain a buildup of systemic risk in the financial system. Ireland’s boom-bust experience amply demonstrates the need for forward-looking action to head off incipient financial problems.
Book Synopsis Capital Inflows, Exchange Rate Flexibility, and Credit Booms by : Mr.Nicolas E. Magud
Download or read book Capital Inflows, Exchange Rate Flexibility, and Credit Booms written by Mr.Nicolas E. Magud and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prospects of expansionary monetary policies in the advanced countries for the foreseeable future have renewed the debate over policy options to cope with large capital inflows that are, at least partly, driven by low interest rates in the financial centers. Historically, capital flow bonanzas have often fueled sharp credit expansions in advanced and emerging market economies alike. Focusing primarily on emerging markets, we analyze the impact of exchange rate flexibility on credit markets during periods of large capital inflows. We show that bank credit grows more rapidly and its composition tilts to foreign currency in economies with less flexible exchange rate regimes, and that these results are not explained entirely by the fact that the latter attract more capital inflows than economies with more flexible regimes. Our findings thus suggest countries with less flexible exchange rate regimes may stand to benefit the most from regulatory policies that reduce banks' incentives to tap external markets and to lend/borrow in foreign currency; these policies include marginal reserve requirements on foreign lending, currency-dependent liquidity requirements, and higher capital requirement and/or dynamic provisioning on foreign exchange loans.
Book Synopsis Macroprudential Policies in Southeastern Europe by : Dilyana Dimova
Download or read book Macroprudential Policies in Southeastern Europe written by Dilyana Dimova and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-02-15 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a detailed account of the rich set of macroprudential measures taken in four Southeastern European countries—Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, and Serbia—during their synchronized boom and bust cycles in 2003–12, and assesses their effectiveness. We find that only strong measures helped contain domestic credit growth, the share of foreigncurrency- denominated loans provided by the domestic banking sector, or the domestic banking sector’s reliance on foreign borrowing during the boom years. We also find that circumvention via direct external borrowing often fully offset the effectiveness of these strict measures, and thatmeasures taken during the bust had no discernible impact. We conclude that (i) proper calibration of macroprudential measures is of the essence; (ii) only strong, broad-based macroprudential measures can contain credit booms; (iii) econometric studies of macroprudential policy effectiveness should focus on measures rather than on instruments (i.e. classes of measures) and in so doing allow for possible non-linear and state-contingent effects.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1475593961 Total Pages :32 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (755 download)
Book Synopsis Kingdom of the Netherlands-Netherlands: Financial Sector Assessment Program: by : International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Download or read book Kingdom of the Netherlands-Netherlands: Financial Sector Assessment Program: written by International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Technical Note discusses the findings and recommendations in the Financial Sector Assessment Program for the Netherlands on the macroprudential policy framework. The authorities have strengthened the institutional arrangement for macroprudential policy by enhancing the Netherlands Bank’s legal mandate and establishing the Financial Stability Committee, but there is room for improvement. The authorities’ analysis of systemic vulnerabilities is sophisticated and timely. The authorities have been using the range of macroprudential instruments at their disposal, but further tightening will be necessary to contain a potential buildup of systemic risk in the financial system.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1484316576 Total Pages :88 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (843 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, April 2014, Asia and Pacific by : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, April 2014, Asia and Pacific written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-04-27 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The five Regional Economic Outlooks published biannually by the IMF cover Asia and Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Western Hemisphere. In each volume, recent economic developments and prospects for the region are discussed as a whole, as well as for specific countries. The reports include key data for countries in the region. Each report focuses on policy developments that have affected economic performance in the region, and discusses key challenges faced by policymakers. The near-term outlook, key risks, and their related policy challenges are analyzed throughout the reports, and current issues are explored, such as when and how to withdraw public interventions in financial systems globally while maintaining a still-fragile economic recovery.These indispensable surveys are the product of comprehensive intradepartmental reviews of economic developments that draw primarily on information the IMF staff gathers through consultation with member countries.
Author :International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498345700 Total Pages :52 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Norway by : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Download or read book Norway written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the oil economy, outlook, and risk for Norway. Growth has continued to slow in the mainland economy. At the start of this year, oil prices had dropped by roughly 60 percent from their peak in June 2014 to less than US$40 a barrel. The labor market is feeling the sting of the oil price crash. The krone has weakened substantially along with the decline in oil prices. However, a modest recovery should take root next year. Mainland economy growth should be about 1 percent this year and pick up to close to 13⁄4 percent in 2017.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1484317297 Total Pages :57 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (843 download)
Book Synopsis United Arab Emirates by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Download or read book United Arab Emirates written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-07-30 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper on the United Arab Emirates highlights the macroprudential policies. The fixed exchange rate and persistent structural liquidity surpluses in upswings add to the difficulties in managing aggregate demand contain credit expansion. The exchange rate peg and the open capital account allow limited room to deviate from the U.S. interest rates. Monetary policy is further constrained by limited liquidity management capabilities, as liquidity forecasting is in its infancy, and central banks liquidity management relies primarily on reserve requirements and standing facilities for liquidity absorption. The lack of a local currency fixed-income market raises the prominence of real estate as an asset class for investment and the exposure of the banking system to the real estate sector.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1475502184 Total Pages :18 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (755 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Research Bulletin, March 2012 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Research Bulletin, March 2012 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-03-08 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research summaries in the March 2012 issue of the IMF Research Bulletin are "Foreign Direct Investment and the Crisis: Is This Time Different?" (by Yuko Kinoshita) and "Food Prices and Inflation" (by James P. Walsh). The Q&A covers seven questions on "Unemployment through the Prism of the Great Recession" (by Prakash Loungani). This issue also launches a new feature "Conversations with Visiting Scholars" with an interview with Tom Sargent, winner of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. Also included in this issue are details on visiting scholars at the IMF, a listing of recently published IMF Working Papers, and information on the next issue of "IMF Economic Review."
Book Synopsis LTV and DTI Limits—Going Granular by : Luis I. Jacome H.
Download or read book LTV and DTI Limits—Going Granular written by Luis I. Jacome H. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing interest in loan-to-value (LTV) and debt-service-to-income (DTI) limits as many countries face a new round of rising house prices. Yet, very little is known on how these regulatory instruments work in practice. This paper contributes to fill this gap by looking closely at their use and effectiveness in six economies—Brazil, Hong Kong SAR, Korea, Malaysia, Poland, and Romania. Insights include: rapid growth in high-LTV loans with long maturities or in the number of borrowers with multiple mortgages can be signs of build up in systemic risk; monitoring nonperforming loans by loan characteristics can help in calibrating changes in the LTV and DTI limits; as leakages are almost inevitable, countries strive to address them at an early stage; and, in most cases, LTVs and DTIs were effective in reducing loan-growth and improving debt-servicing performances of borrowers, but not always in curbing house price growth.
Book Synopsis OECD Tax Policy Studies Housing Taxation in OECD Countries by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Tax Policy Studies Housing Taxation in OECD Countries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-21 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Housing Taxation in OECD Countries provides a comparative assessment of housing tax policies in OECD countries and identifies options for reform. The study starts with an overview of recent housing market trends and challenges and an analysis of the distribution of housing assets.
Book Synopsis How Effective is Macroprudential Policy? Evidence from Lending Restriction Measures in EU Countries by : Mr.Tigran Poghosyan
Download or read book How Effective is Macroprudential Policy? Evidence from Lending Restriction Measures in EU Countries written by Mr.Tigran Poghosyan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses the effectiveness of lending restriction measures, such as loan-to-value and debt-service-to-income ratios, in affecting developments in house prices and credit. We use data on 99 lending standard restrictions implemented in 28 EU countries over 1990–2018. The results suggest that lending restriction measures are generally effective in curbing house prices and credit. However, the impact is delayed and reaches its peak only after three years. In addition, the impact is asymmetric, with tightening measures having weaker association with target variables compared to loosening measures. The association is stronger in countries outside of euro area and for legally-binding measures and measures involving sanctions. The results have practical implications for macroprudential authorities.
Book Synopsis Property Boom and Banking Bust by : Colin Jones
Download or read book Property Boom and Banking Bust written by Colin Jones and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating analysis of the critical role commercial property investment played in the economic boom and bust during the global financial crisis The unprecedented financial boom stretching from the mid-1990s through 2008 ultimately led to the deepest recession in modern times and one of the slowest economic recoveries in history. It also resulted in the emergence of the draconian austerity policies that have swept across Europe in recent years. Property Boom and Banking Bust offers an expert insight into the complex property market dynamics that contributed to the Great Financial Crisis of 2008 and its devastating economic consequences. It is the first book to focus on a woefully underreported dimension of the crisis, namely, the significant role that lending on commercial property development played in the crisis. Among other key topics, the authors explore the philosophical and behavioral factors that propelled irresponsible bank lending and the property boom; how it led to the downfall of the banks; the impact of the credit crunch on the real estate industry generally in the wake of the financial crisis; the catastrophic effects the property bust had on property investors, both large and small; and how the financial institutions have sought to recover in the wake of the financial crisis. Provides valuable insights into what happened in previous booms and busts, particularly in the 1970s and 1980s, and how they compare with the most recent one Offers an expert assessment of the consequences of the global financial crisis for the banking system and the commercial property industry Examines strategies banks have used to recover their positions and manage the overhang of indebtedness and bad property assets Addresses strategies the real estate industry have used to recover from the collapse in property values Written in an accessible style, and featuring numerous insider case accounts from property bankers, Property Boom and Banking Bust disentangles the complex, tightly-woven factors that led to the Great Financial Crisis of 2008, while offering powerful lessons for property industry professionals on how to avoid having history repeat itself.
Book Synopsis The Philosophy, Politics and Economics of Finance in the 21st Century by : Patrick O'Sullivan
Download or read book The Philosophy, Politics and Economics of Finance in the 21st Century written by Patrick O'Sullivan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2008, the financial sector has been the subject of extensive criticism. Much of this criticism has focused on the morality of the actors involved in the crisis and its extended aftermath. This book analyses the key moral and political philosophical issues of the crisis and relates them to the political economy of finance. It also examines to what extent the financial sector can or should be reformed. This book is unified by the view that the financial sector had been a self-serving and self-regulating elite consumed by greed, speculation and even lawlessness, with little sense of responsibility to the wider society or common good. In light of critical analysis by authors from a variety of backgrounds and persuasions, suggestions for reform and improvement are proposed, in some cases radical reform. By placing the world of finance under a microscope, this book analyses the assumptions that have led from hubris to disgrace as it provides suggestions for an improved society. Rooted in philosophical reflection, this book invites a critical reassessment of finance and its societal role in the 21st century. This book will be of interest to academics, politicians, central bankers and financial regulators who wish to improve the morality of finance.
