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Romanian Nationalism The Legionary Movement
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Book Synopsis Holy Legionary Youth by : Roland Clark
Download or read book Holy Legionary Youth written by Roland Clark and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded in 1927, Romania’s Legion of the Archangel Michael was one of Europe’s largest and longest-lived fascist social movements. In Holy Legionary Youth, Roland Clark draws on oral histories, memoirs, and substantial research in the archives of the Romanian secret police to provide the most comprehensive account of the Legion in English to date. Clark approaches Romanian fascism by asking what membership in the Legion meant to young Romanian men and women. Viewing fascism "from below," as a social category that had practical consequences for those who embraced it, he shows how the personal significance of fascism emerged out of Legionaries’ interactions with each other, the state, other political parties, families and friends, and fascist groups abroad. Official repression, fascist spectacle, and the frequency and nature of legionary activities changed a person’s everyday activities and relationships in profound ways. Clark’s sweeping history traces fascist organizing in interwar Romania to nineteenth-century grassroots nationalist movements that demanded political independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It also shows how closely the movement was associated with the Romanian Orthodox Church and how the uniforms, marches, and rituals were inspired by the muscular, martial aesthetic of fascism elsewhere in Europe. Although antisemitism was a key feature of official fascist ideology, state violence against Legionaries rather than the extensive fascist violence against Jews had a far greater impact on how Romanians viewed the movement and their role in it. Approaching fascism in interwar Romania as an everyday practice, Holy Legionary Youth offers a new perspective on European fascism, highlighting how ordinary people "performed" fascism by working together to promote a unique and totalizing social identity.
Book Synopsis Romanian Nationalism: the Legionary Movement by : Alexander E. Ronnett
Download or read book Romanian Nationalism: the Legionary Movement written by Alexander E. Ronnett and published by Romanian-American National Congress. This book was released on 1995 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis History and Myth in Romanian Consciousness by : Lucian Boia
Download or read book History and Myth in Romanian Consciousness written by Lucian Boia and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the idea that there is a considerable difference between reality and discourse, the author points out that history is constantly reconstructed, adapted and sometimes mythicized from the perspectives of the present day, present states of mind and ideologies. He closely examines historical culture and conscience in nineteenth and twentieth century Romania, particularly concentrating on the impact of the national ideology on history. Boia's innovative analysis identifies several key mythical configurations and shows how Romanians have reconstituted their own highly ideologized history over the last two centuries. The strength of History and Myth in Romanian Consciousness lies in the author's ability to fully deconstruct the entire Romanian historiographic system and demonstrate the increasing acuteness of national problems in general, and in particular the exploitation of history to support national ideology.
Book Synopsis Ideologies and National Identities by : John R. Lampe
Download or read book Ideologies and National Identities written by John R. Lampe and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-10 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twentieth-century Southeastern Europe endured three, separate decades of international and civil war, and was marred in forced migration and wrenching systematic changes. This book is the result of a year-long project by the Open Society Institute to examine and reappraise this tumultuous century. A cohort of young scholars with backgrounds in history, anthropology, political science, and comparative literature were brought together for this undertaking. The studies invite attention to fascism, socialism, and liberalism as well as nationalism and Communism. While most chapters deal with war and confrontation, they focus rather on the remembrance of such conflicts in shaping today's ideology and national identity.
Book Synopsis The Legionary Movement After Corneliu Codreanu by : Ilarion Țiu
Download or read book The Legionary Movement After Corneliu Codreanu written by Ilarion Țiu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corneliu Codreanu was a far-right, Romanian politician who established the Legion of the Archangel Michael in 1927. Alternately known as the Legionary Movement, this organization supported an ultra-nationalist, anti-Semitic, anti-communist, and anti-parliamentary position that would later become targeted by the reigning communist party. This book begins with the establishment of King Carol II's dictatorship and ends with the Palace coup of 1944, the moment in which Romania entered a Soviet sphere of influence and the legionnaires were made to suffer for their previous alliance with Germany. Most scholarship places the failure of Romanian-German collaboration solely upon the activities of the legionnaires. Ilarion Tiu offers a different view, providing a more detailed account of the legionnaires' history, philosophy both before and after Codreanu's 1938 death.
Book Synopsis The Romanian Extreme Right by : Z. Ornea
Download or read book The Romanian Extreme Right written by Z. Ornea and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating study of the intellectual origins and ideological and political evolution of the extreme right of interwar Romania offers a sensitive explanation of the part played by the Iron Guard in the history of Romanianism-anti-Semitism with university-based ideologies in the late 1920s and the 1930s. The work is largely based on analyses of printed literary and political tracts as well as on the nature of propaganda and the evolution of the doctrines of the Guardist movement.
Book Synopsis For My Legionaries by : Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
Download or read book For My Legionaries written by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-03 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For My Legionaries is the passionate autobiography of Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, a Romanian patriot from the early 20th Century who founded the Legion of Michael the Archangel, also known as The Iron Guard. This unprecedented movement saw itself as a crusade in the modern world, battling against liberalism, political corruption, Communism, and the threat of foreign cultural domination from Jewish organizations. Combining Christian spirituality, ethnic nationalism, supra-personal devotion to one's people and king, and a warrior ethos, which culminated in confrontations with the police and army, assassinations, public trials, and murder. This new edition of For My Legionaries is distinguishable from previous editions by the inclusion of 100 pages of new text, footnotes, appendices and photographs which are a crucial aid to understanding the book and its context. With an introduction by Kerry Bolton, and a historical overview of the entire history of the Legionary Movement from its beginnings to the present time by Lucian Tudor, this edition of For My Legionaries is the most comprehensive edition published to date.
Book Synopsis The Hooligan's Return by : Norman Manea
Download or read book The Hooligan's Return written by Norman Manea and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the center of The Hooligan’s Return is the author himself, always an outcast, on a bleak lifelong journey through Nazism and communism to exile in America. But while Norman Manea’s book is in many ways a memoir, it is also a deeply imaginative work, traversing time and place, life and literature, dream and reality, past and present. Autobiographical events merge with historic elements, always connecting the individual with the collective destiny. Manea speaks of the bloodiest time of the twentieth century and of the emergence afterward of a global, competitive, and sometimes cynical modern society. Both a harrowing memoir and an ambitious epic project, The Hooligan’s Return achieves a subtle internal harmony as anxiety evolves into a delicate irony and a burlesque fantasy. Beautifully written and brilliantly conceived, this is the work of a writer with an acute understanding of the vast human potential for both evil and kindness, obedience and integrity.
Book Synopsis A New Nobility of Blood and Soil by : Richard Walther Darre
Download or read book A New Nobility of Blood and Soil written by Richard Walther Darre and published by Antelope Hill Originals. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fearsome and provocative, the slogan "Blood and Soil" speaks to the interplay between the land and the people on it-the power of a land to shape a people and the power of a people to shape a land. Richard Walther Darré, an Obergruppenführer in the SS, was the leading "Blood and Soil" ideologist of Germany and served his people as Reich Minister of Food and Agriculture. This book, A New Nobility of Blood and Soil, was massively popular in the Third Reich and led to a strengthening of the agrarian and agriculturalist movements. Highly influential on Hitler, the principles in this book are foundational to the National Socialist worldview. This worldview held that Germany's natural elite, its nobility of blood and soil, was the nation's last hope against both the rapacious elite of capitalist wealth and the degenerate elite of ancient privilege. The hardworking and industrious peasant, who has no other country to call home, no riches with which to escape his duties, no international connections with which to deracinate himself, is the truly national man. His country is everything to him, and he is everything to his country, for it is on his back and by his sweat that his country is built. Thus, only from such a class of people can a new nobility arise that can combat the depravations of the modern world, with its polluted rivers, childless marriages, and the asphalt culture of city life. With no English language edition available, this essential text has been unknown to modern dissidents for far too long. Antelope Hill Publishing is proud to present, for the first time in English, A New Nobility of Blood and Soil. Laboriously translated by Augusto Salan and Julius Sylvester, this book is important to the preservation and contextualization of history.
Book Synopsis The Roma in Romanian History by : Viorel Achim
Download or read book The Roma in Romanian History written by Viorel Achim and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-01 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest challenges during the enlargement process of the European Union towards the east is how the issue of the Roma or Gypsies is tackled. This ethnic minority group represents a much higher share by numbers, too, in some regions going above 20% of the population. This enormous social and political problem cannot be solved without proper historical studies like this book, the most comprehensive history of Gypsies in Romania. It is based on academic research, synthesizing the entire historical Romanian and foreign literature concerning this topic, and using lot of information from the archives. The main focus is laid on the events of the greatest consequence. Special attention is devoted to aspects linked to the long history of the Gypsies, such as slavery, the process of integration and assimilation into the majority population, as well as the marginalization of Gypsies, which has historic roots. The process of emancipation of Gypsies in the mid-19th century receives due treatment. The deportation of Gypsies to Transnistria during the Antonescu regime, between 1942-1944, is reconstructed in a special chapter. The closing chapters elaborate on the policy toward Gypsies in the decades after the Second World War that explain for the latest developments and for the situation of this population in today's Romania.
Book Synopsis The State, Antisemitism, and Collaboration in the Holocaust by : Diana Dumitru
Download or read book The State, Antisemitism, and Collaboration in the Holocaust written by Diana Dumitru and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-04 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores regional variations in civilians' attitudes toward the Jewish population in Romania and the occupied Soviet Union.
Book Synopsis Intellectuals and Fascism in Interwar Romania by : Cristina A. Bejan
Download or read book Intellectuals and Fascism in Interwar Romania written by Cristina A. Bejan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-23 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1930s Bucharest, some of the country’s most brilliant young intellectuals converged to form the Criterion Association. Bound by friendship and the dream of a new, modern Romania, their members included historian Mircea Eliade, critic Petru Comarnescu, Jewish playwright Mihail Sebastian and a host of other philosophers and artists. Together, they built a vibrant cultural scene that flourished for a few short years, before fascism and scandal splintered their ranks. Cristina A. Bejan asks how the far-right Iron Guard came to eclipse the appeal of liberalism for so many of Romania’s intellectual elite, drawing on diaries, memoirs and other writings to examine the collision of culture and extremism in the interwar years. The first English-language study of Criterion and the most thorough to date in any language, this book grapples with the complexities of Romanian intellectual life in the moments before collapse.
Book Synopsis Hungarian Religion, Romanian Blood by : R. Chris Davis
Download or read book Hungarian Religion, Romanian Blood written by R. Chris Davis and published by University of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid the rising nationalism and racial politics that culminated in World War II, European countries wishing to "purify" their nations often forced unwanted populations to migrate. The targeted minorities had few options, but as R. Chris Davis shows, they sometimes used creative tactics to fight back, redefining their identities to serve their own interests. Davis's highly illuminating example is the case of the little-known Moldavian Csangos, a Hungarian- and Romanian-speaking community of Roman Catholics in eastern Romania. During World War II, some in the Romanian government wanted to expel them. The Hungarian government saw them as Hungarians and wanted to settle them on lands confiscated from other groups. Resisting deportation, the clergy of the Csangos enlisted Romania's leading racial anthropologist, collected blood samples, and rewrote a millennium of history to claim Romanian origins and national belonging—thus escaping the discrimination and violence that devastated so many of Europe's Jews, Roma, Slavs, and other minorities. In telling their story, Davis offers fresh insight to debates about ethnic allegiances, the roles of science and religion in shaping identity, and minority politics past and present.
Book Synopsis History Derailed by : Ivan T. Berend
Download or read book History Derailed written by Ivan T. Berend and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historian Iván Berend turns his attention to Central and Eastern Europe in the 19th century, a turbulent period. Extending up to World War I, the period contained the seeds of developments and crises that continue to haunt the region today.
Book Synopsis Violent Resistance by : Michael Gehler
Download or read book Violent Resistance written by Michael Gehler and published by . This book was released on 2020-08 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Das neue Buch Violent Resistance gibt einen geographisch umfassenden Einblick in ein kaum bekanntes Thema: Den bewaffneten antikommunistischen Widerstand in Osteuropa zwischen 1944 und 1956.0Das Ende des Zweite Weltkrieg bedeutete in Teilen Osteuropas nicht das Ende der Gewalt. Die durch die Sowjetunion etablierte Herrschaft lokaler von Moskau mehr oder weniger abhängiger kommunistischer Parteien traf auch auf bewaffnete Opposition. Teils bereits im Weltkrieg eingesetzte Verbände, teils neu gegründete Gruppen setzten sich für ein Ende der kommunistischen Diktatur bzw. wie im Falle des Baltikums auch die Unabhängigkeit ihrer Länder von der Sowjetunion ein. Eine schwierige Quellenlage in Verbindung mit einem historiographischen Fokus auf den Kalten Krieg und jahrzehntelanger Tabuisierung führten zu einer vergleichsweise geringen Bekanntheit des Themas. Diese Lücke zu benennen und in Ansätzen zu schließen ist die selbstgestellte Aufgabe dieses Buches.
Book Synopsis Hitler's Forgotten Ally by : D. Deletant
Download or read book Hitler's Forgotten Ally written by D. Deletant and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-04-12 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first complete study in English of Antonescu's part in the Second World War. Antonescu was a major ally of Hitler and Romania fielded the third largest Axis army, joined the Tripartite Pact in November 1940 as a sovereign state and participated in the attack on the Soviet Union of 22 June 1941 as an equal partner of Germany.
Book Synopsis Nationalist Ideology and Antisemitism by : Leon Volovici
Download or read book Nationalist Ideology and Antisemitism written by Leon Volovici and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1991 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After surveying political and ideological antisemitism in modern Romanian history and its main exponents (Cuza, Iorga, Paulescu, Goga), discusses the evolution of antisemitic ideas in 1930s intellectual life, the importance of antisemitism in Iron Guard ideology, and the influence of its leader, Codreanu, and of extreme right-wing intellectuals (especially Nae Ionescu and N. Crainic) on representatives of the "young generation" of intellectuals (e.g. Eliade and Cioran). Emphasizes the link between antisemitic and anti-democratic and pro-fascist attitudes. Focuses on specific cases of evolution to radical antisemitism (e.g. Brătescu-Voineşti and Manoilescu), and deals with the contradictory case of Panait Istrati, a former left-wing militant. Mentions the use of anti-Jewish theological arguments, antisemitic stereotypes in literature, and forms of anti-Jewish discrimination in "free" professional associations. Underlines the great weight of the "Jewish threat" in Romanian nationalist thinking and its impact on cultural life. The 1930s represented the climax of this trend.
