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Author : Alexander Ronnett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780835794312
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (943 download)
Download or read book Romanian Nationalism written by Alexander Ronnett and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roland Clark
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801456347
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Holy Legionary Youth written by Roland Clark and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded in 1927, Romania’s Legion of the Archangel Michael was one of Europe’s largest and longest-lived fascist social movements. In Holy Legionary Youth, Roland Clark draws on oral histories, memoirs, and substantial research in the archives of the Romanian secret police to provide the most comprehensive account of the Legion in English to date. Clark approaches Romanian fascism by asking what membership in the Legion meant to young Romanian men and women. Viewing fascism "from below," as a social category that had practical consequences for those who embraced it, he shows how the personal significance of fascism emerged out of Legionaries’ interactions with each other, the state, other political parties, families and friends, and fascist groups abroad. Official repression, fascist spectacle, and the frequency and nature of legionary activities changed a person’s everyday activities and relationships in profound ways. Clark’s sweeping history traces fascist organizing in interwar Romania to nineteenth-century grassroots nationalist movements that demanded political independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It also shows how closely the movement was associated with the Romanian Orthodox Church and how the uniforms, marches, and rituals were inspired by the muscular, martial aesthetic of fascism elsewhere in Europe. Although antisemitism was a key feature of official fascist ideology, state violence against Legionaries rather than the extensive fascist violence against Jews had a far greater impact on how Romanians viewed the movement and their role in it. Approaching fascism in interwar Romania as an everyday practice, Holy Legionary Youth offers a new perspective on European fascism, highlighting how ordinary people "performed" fascism by working together to promote a unique and totalizing social identity.
Author : Alexander F. C. Webster
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Romanian Legionary Movement written by Alexander F. C. Webster and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expanded version of a paper presented on the 10th anniversary of the Society for Romanian Studies in Kansas City, October 1983. Discusses the ideology of the Legionary Movement and its antisemitism from the perspective of Orthodox Christian theology. States that mystical and Christian elements in Codreanu's writings were transmuted into something radically different, and that his mystical nationalism was a perversion of Christian Orthodoxy. Argues that Codreanu's antisemitism lacked any Christian arguments, and was merely a xenophobic component of his nationalism. Integrates Codreanu's and the Legion's ideology into a "civil religion", based on Romanianism (as an extreme form of nationalism), antisemitism being its most significant negative expression.
Author : Horia Sima
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781899627011
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (27 download)
Download or read book The History of the Legionary Movement written by Horia Sima and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roland Clark
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801456339
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Holy Legionary Youth written by Roland Clark and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-16 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded in 1927, Romania’s Legion of the Archangel Michael was one of Europe’s largest and longest-lived fascist social movements. In Holy Legionary Youth, Roland Clark draws on oral histories, memoirs, and substantial research in the archives of the Romanian secret police to provide the most comprehensive account of the Legion in English to date. Clark approaches Romanian fascism by asking what membership in the Legion meant to young Romanian men and women. Viewing fascism "from below," as a social category that had practical consequences for those who embraced it, he shows how the personal significance of fascism emerged out of Legionaries’ interactions with each other, the state, other political parties, families and friends, and fascist groups abroad. Official repression, fascist spectacle, and the frequency and nature of legionary activities changed a person’s everyday activities and relationships in profound ways. Clark’s sweeping history traces fascist organizing in interwar Romania to nineteenth-century grassroots nationalist movements that demanded political independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It also shows how closely the movement was associated with the Romanian Orthodox Church and how the uniforms, marches, and rituals were inspired by the muscular, martial aesthetic of fascism elsewhere in Europe. Although antisemitism was a key feature of official fascist ideology, state violence against Legionaries rather than the extensive fascist violence against Jews had a far greater impact on how Romanians viewed the movement and their role in it. Approaching fascism in interwar Romania as an everyday practice, Holy Legionary Youth offers a new perspective on European fascism, highlighting how ordinary people "performed" fascism by working together to promote a unique and totalizing social identity.
Author : Radu Ioanid
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Sword of the Archangel written by Radu Ioanid and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveys Romanian studies on the native fascist movement and the Holocaust period, and remarks on distorted interpretations in Romanian official historiography. Tracing the evolution of nationalist and extreme-right ideologies, focuses on the antisemitic theories in the writings of A.C. Cuza, N. Crainic, and Nae Ionescu. On pp. 116-131 emphasizes the importance of antisemitism and racism in the ideology of the Iron Guard, and the influence of Nazi ideology. Examines the anti-Jewish policy of Antonescu's regime and Iron Guard violence, especially the Bucharest pogrom in January 1941. Ch. 6 (pp. 199-234), "Administering the Physical Extermination of the Rumanian Jews", gives details and statistics (see also annexed tables, on pp. 296-320) concerning the Jassy pogrom (June 1941), the massacres of the Jews in Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Odessa, and the deportation to Transnistria. Discusses the German project of total deportation of Romanian Jews in 1942, finally rejected by Romanian authorities. The 36 pages at the end of the book contain photographs.
Author : John R. Lampe
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 6155053855
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (55 download)
Download or read book Ideologies and National Identities written by John R. Lampe and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-10 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twentieth-century Southeastern Europe endured three, separate decades of international and civil war, and was marred in forced migration and wrenching systematic changes. This book is the result of a year-long project by the Open Society Institute to examine and reappraise this tumultuous century. A cohort of young scholars with backgrounds in history, anthropology, political science, and comparative literature were brought together for this undertaking. The studies invite attention to fascism, socialism, and liberalism as well as nationalism and Communism. While most chapters deal with war and confrontation, they focus rather on the remembrance of such conflicts in shaping today's ideology and national identity.
Author : Lucian Boia
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9633860040
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)
Download or read book History and Myth in Romanian Consciousness written by Lucian Boia and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a considerable difference between real history and discourse history - this book stems from this idea. The author points out that history is constantly reconstructed, adapted and sometimes mythified from the perspective of the present day, of present states of mind and ideologies. Boia closely examines the process of historical culture and conscience in nineteenth and twentieth century Romania, particularly concentrating on the impact of the national ideology on history. Based upon his findings, the author identifies several key mythical configurations and analyses the manner in which Romanians have reconstituted their own highly ideologized history over the last two centuries. The strength of History and Myth in Romanian Consciousness lies in the author's ability to fully deconstruct the entire Romanian historiographic system and demonstrate the increasing acuteness of national problems in general, and in particular the exploitation of history to support national ideology.
Author : D. Deletant
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230502091
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Hitler's Forgotten Ally written by D. Deletant and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-04-12 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first complete study in English of Antonescu's part in the Second World War. Antonescu was a major ally of Hitler and Romania fielded the third largest Axis army, joined the Tripartite Pact in November 1940 as a sovereign state and participated in the attack on the Soviet Union of 22 June 1941 as an equal partner of Germany.
Author : Ilarion Țiu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Legionary Movement After Corneliu Codreanu written by Ilarion Țiu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corneliu Codreanu was a far-right, Romanian politician who established the Legion of the Archangel Michael in 1927. Alternately known as the Legionary Movement, this organization supported an ultra-nationalist, anti-Semitic, anti-communist, and anti-parliamentary position that would later become targeted by the reigning communist party. This book begins with the establishment of King Carol II's dictatorship and ends with the Palace coup of 1944, the moment in which Romania entered a Soviet sphere of influence and the legionnaires were made to suffer for their previous alliance with Germany. Most scholarship places the failure of Romanian-German collaboration solely upon the activities of the legionnaires. Ilarion Tiu offers a different view, providing a more detailed account of the legionnaires' history, philosophy both before and after Codreanu's 1938 death.
Author : Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781913176600
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (766 download)
Download or read book For My Legionaries written by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-03 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For My Legionaries is the passionate autobiography of Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, a Romanian patriot from the early 20th Century who founded the Legion of Michael the Archangel, also known as The Iron Guard. This unprecedented movement saw itself as a crusade in the modern world, battling against liberalism, political corruption, Communism, and the threat of foreign cultural domination from Jewish organizations. Combining Christian spirituality, ethnic nationalism, supra-personal devotion to one's people and king, and a warrior ethos, which culminated in confrontations with the police and army, assassinations, public trials, and murder. This new edition of For My Legionaries is distinguishable from previous editions by the inclusion of 100 pages of new text, footnotes, appendices and photographs which are a crucial aid to understanding the book and its context. With an introduction by Kerry Bolton, and a historical overview of the entire history of the Legionary Movement from its beginnings to the present time by Lucian Tudor, this edition of For My Legionaries is the most comprehensive edition published to date.
Author : Richard Walther Darre
Publisher : Antelope Hill Originals
ISBN 13 : 9781953730497
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (34 download)
Download or read book A New Nobility of Blood and Soil written by Richard Walther Darre and published by Antelope Hill Originals. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fearsome and provocative, the slogan "Blood and Soil" speaks to the interplay between the land and the people on it-the power of a land to shape a people and the power of a people to shape a land. Richard Walther Darré, an Obergruppenführer in the SS, was the leading "Blood and Soil" ideologist of Germany and served his people as Reich Minister of Food and Agriculture. This book, A New Nobility of Blood and Soil, was massively popular in the Third Reich and led to a strengthening of the agrarian and agriculturalist movements. Highly influential on Hitler, the principles in this book are foundational to the National Socialist worldview. This worldview held that Germany's natural elite, its nobility of blood and soil, was the nation's last hope against both the rapacious elite of capitalist wealth and the degenerate elite of ancient privilege. The hardworking and industrious peasant, who has no other country to call home, no riches with which to escape his duties, no international connections with which to deracinate himself, is the truly national man. His country is everything to him, and he is everything to his country, for it is on his back and by his sweat that his country is built. Thus, only from such a class of people can a new nobility arise that can combat the depravations of the modern world, with its polluted rivers, childless marriages, and the asphalt culture of city life. With no English language edition available, this essential text has been unknown to modern dissidents for far too long. Antelope Hill Publishing is proud to present, for the first time in English, A New Nobility of Blood and Soil. Laboriously translated by Augusto Salan and Julius Sylvester, this book is important to the preservation and contextualization of history.
Author : Leon Volovici
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Nationalist Ideology and Antisemitism written by Leon Volovici and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1991 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After surveying political and ideological antisemitism in modern Romanian history and its main exponents (Cuza, Iorga, Paulescu, Goga), discusses the evolution of antisemitic ideas in 1930s intellectual life, the importance of antisemitism in Iron Guard ideology, and the influence of its leader, Codreanu, and of extreme right-wing intellectuals (especially Nae Ionescu and N. Crainic) on representatives of the "young generation" of intellectuals (e.g. Eliade and Cioran). Emphasizes the link between antisemitic and anti-democratic and pro-fascist attitudes. Focuses on specific cases of evolution to radical antisemitism (e.g. Brătescu-Voineşti and Manoilescu), and deals with the contradictory case of Panait Istrati, a former left-wing militant. Mentions the use of anti-Jewish theological arguments, antisemitic stereotypes in literature, and forms of anti-Jewish discrimination in "free" professional associations. Underlines the great weight of the "Jewish threat" in Romanian nationalist thinking and its impact on cultural life. The 1930s represented the climax of this trend.
Author : Tudor Georgescu
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9633862523
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)
Download or read book The Eugenic Fortress written by Tudor Georgescu and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-10 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ever growing library on the history of eugenics and fascism focuses largely on nation states, while this monograph asks why an ethnic minority, the Transylvanian Saxons, turned to eugenics as a means of self-empowerment in interwar Romania. The Eugenic Fortress investigates and unpacks the eugenic movement that emerged in the early twentieth century, and focuses on its conceptual and methodological evolution during the interwar period. Further on, the book analyzes the gradual process of politicisation and radicalisation at the hands of a second generation of Saxon eugenicists in conjunction with the rise of an equally indigenous fascist movement. The Saxon case study offers valuable insights into why an ethnic minority would seek to re-entrench itself behind the race-hygienic walls of a 'eugenic fortress', as well as the influence host and home nations had upon its design. Georgescu's work is ground breaking in the sense that the history of this uprooted community is usually handled with sensitivity and serious (and critical) research into Transylvanian Saxon involvement with Nazism has been energetically resisted.
Author : Radu Ioanid
Publisher : Ivan R. Dee
ISBN 13 : 1461694906
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (616 download)
Download or read book The Holocaust in Romania written by Radu Ioanid and published by Ivan R. Dee. This book was released on 2008-02-18 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1930, 757,000 Jews lived in Romania; they constituted the third largest Jewish community in Europe. Today not more than 14,000 Jews live in Romania, most of them elderly. The record of the Holocaust in Romania includes many curious chapters of support and betrayal, but they have been largely unavailable until now. Radu Ioanid’s account based upon privileged access to secret East European government archives, is an unprecedented analysis of heretofore purposely hidden materials. Archival records, published and unpublished reports, memoirs of survivors, letters—Mr. Ioanid uses all these elements to build an accurate perspective on Romanian policies of racism, anti-Semitism, and Jewish extermination during the regime of Ion Antonescu. The publication of The Holocaust in Romania is timely as well as important, for there is now in Romania a growing effort to deny the government’s role in the tragedy. Mr. Ioanid sheds light on the reality of the persecutions, the cruelty of the perpetrators, their blatant opportunism and endless cynicism. The story is one of destruction and survival; of German dissatisfaction with Romanian ad hoc violence; of an elusive national policy and the strategies of Romanian authorities that allowed 300,000 Romanian Jews to survive the war. "Invaluable...monumental...no comparable work in any language has documented this important history with the thoroughness, skill, and analytical sophistication this book demonstrates.”—Leo Spitzer, Dartmouth College. Published in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. With 8 pages of photographs.
Author : Dylan Riley
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1786635232
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (866 download)
Download or read book The Civic Foundations of Fascism in Europe written by Dylan Riley and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2019-01-29 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical look at the emergence of fascism in Europe Drawing on a Gramscian theoretical perspective and development a systematic comparative approach, The Civic Foundations of Fascism in Europe: Italy, Spain and Romania 1870-1945 challenges the received Tocquevillian consensus on authoritarianism by arguing that fascist regimes, just like mass democracies, depended on well-organized, rather than weak and atomized, civil societies. In making this argument the book focuses on three crucial cases of inter-war authoritarianism: Italy, Spain and Romania, selected because they are all counter-intuitive from the perspective of established explanations, while usefully demonstrating the range of fascist outcomes in interwar Europe. Civic Foundations argues that, in all three cases, fascism emerged because the rapid development of voluntary associations combined with weakly developed political parties among the dominant class thus creating a crisis of hegemony. Riley then traces the specific form that this crisis took depending on the form of civil society development (autonomous- as in Italy, elite dominated as in Spain, or state dominated as in Romania) in the nineteenth century.
Author : Viorel Achim
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 6155053936
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (55 download)
Download or read book The Roma in Romanian History written by Viorel Achim and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-01 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest challenges during the enlargement process of the European Union towards the east is how the issue of the Roma or Gypsies is tackled. This ethnic minority group represents a much higher share by numbers, too, in some regions going above 20% of the population. This enormous social and political problem cannot be solved without proper historical studies like this book, the most comprehensive history of Gypsies in Romania. It is based on academic research, synthesizing the entire historical Romanian and foreign literature concerning this topic, and using lot of information from the archives. The main focus is laid on the events of the greatest consequence. Special attention is devoted to aspects linked to the long history of the Gypsies, such as slavery, the process of integration and assimilation into the majority population, as well as the marginalization of Gypsies, which has historic roots. The process of emancipation of Gypsies in the mid-19th century receives due treatment. The deportation of Gypsies to Transnistria during the Antonescu regime, between 1942-1944, is reconstructed in a special chapter. The closing chapters elaborate on the policy toward Gypsies in the decades after the Second World War that explain for the latest developments and for the situation of this population in today's Romania.
