Revolutionary Science Transformation And Turmoil In The Age Of The Guillotine

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Revolutionary Science: Transformation and Turmoil in the Age of the Guillotine

Author : Steve Jones
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1681773732
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis Revolutionary Science: Transformation and Turmoil in the Age of the Guillotine by : Steve Jones

Download or read book Revolutionary Science: Transformation and Turmoil in the Age of the Guillotine written by Steve Jones and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-01-10 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surprising and sometimes shocking history of the scientific innovations in Paris during the French Revolution, by the author of Darwin’s Ghost. Paris at the time of the French Revolution was the world capital of science. Its scholars laid the foundations of today's physics, chemistry and biology. They were true revolutionaries: agents of an upheaval both of understanding and of politics. The city was saturated in scientists; many had an astonishing breadth of talents. The Minister of Finance just before the upheaval did research on crystals and the spread of animal disease. After it, Paris's first mayor was an astronomer, the general who fought off invaders was a mathematician while Marat, a major figure in the Terror, saw himself as a leading physicist. Paris in the century around 1789 saw the first lightning conductor, the first flight, the first estimate of the speed of light and the invention of the tin can and the stethoscope. The theory of evolution came into being. Perhaps the greatest Revolutionary scientist of all, Antoine Lavoisier, founded modern chemistry and physiology, transformed French farming, and much improved gunpowder manufacture. His political activities brought him a fortune, but in the end led to his execution. The judge who sentenced him—and many other researchers— to death claimed that "the Revolution has no need for geniuses." In this enthralling and dazzling book, acclaimed science writer Steve Jones shows how wrong this was and takes a new look at Paris, its history, and its science, to give the reader dazzling new insight into the City of Light.

No Need for Geniuses

Author : Steve Jones
Publisher : Little Brown GBR
ISBN 13 : 9780349405452
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (54 download)

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Book Synopsis No Need for Geniuses by : Steve Jones

Download or read book No Need for Geniuses written by Steve Jones and published by Little Brown GBR. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paris at the time of the French Revolution was the world capital of science. Its scholars laid the foundations of today's physics, chemistry and biology. They were true revolutionaries: agents of an upheaval both of understanding and of politics. Many had an astonishing breadth of talents. The Minister of Finance just before the upheaval did research on crystals and the spread of animal disease. After it, Paris's first mayor was an astronomer, the general who fought off invaders was a mathematician while Marat, a major figure in the Terror, saw himself as a leading physicist. Paris in the century around 1789 saw the first lightning conductor, the first flight, the first estimate of the speed of light and the invention of the tin can and the stethoscope. The metre replaced the yard and the theory of evolution came into being. The city was saturated in science and many of its monuments still are. The Eiffel Tower, built to celebrate the Revolution's centennial, saw the world's first wind-tunnel and first radio message, and first observation of cosmic rays. Perhaps the greatest Revolutionary scientist of all, Antoine Lavoisier, founded modern chemistry and physiology, transformed French farming, and much improved gunpowder manufacture. His political activities brought him a fortune, but in the end led to his execution. The judge who sentenced him - and many other researchers - claimed that 'the Revolution has no need for geniuses'. In this enthralling and timely book Steve Jones shows how wrong this was and takes a sideways look at Paris, its history, and its science, to give a dazzling new insight into the City of Light.

The Order of Time

Author : Carlo Rovelli
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0735216118
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis The Order of Time by : Carlo Rovelli

Download or read book The Order of Time written by Carlo Rovelli and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of TIME’s Ten Best Nonfiction Books of the Decade "Meet the new Stephen Hawking . . . The Order of Time is a dazzling book." --The Sunday Times From the bestselling author of Seven Brief Lessons on Physics, Reality Is Not What It Seems, Helgoland, and Anaximander comes a concise, elegant exploration of time. Why do we remember the past and not the future? What does it mean for time to "flow"? Do we exist in time or does time exist in us? In lyric, accessible prose, Carlo Rovelli invites us to consider questions about the nature of time that continue to puzzle physicists and philosophers alike. For most readers this is unfamiliar terrain. We all experience time, but the more scientists learn about it, the more mysterious it remains. We think of it as uniform and universal, moving steadily from past to future, measured by clocks. Rovelli tears down these assumptions one by one, revealing a strange universe where at the most fundamental level time disappears. He explains how the theory of quantum gravity attempts to understand and give meaning to the resulting extreme landscape of this timeless world. Weaving together ideas from philosophy, science and literature, he suggests that our perception of the flow of time depends on our perspective, better understood starting from the structure of our brain and emotions than from the physical universe. Already a bestseller in Italy, and written with the poetic vitality that made Seven Brief Lessons on Physics so appealing, The Order of Time offers a profoundly intelligent, culturally rich, novel appreciation of the mysteries of time.

Leaders

Author : Stanley McChrystal
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0525534385
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis Leaders by : Stanley McChrystal

Download or read book Leaders written by Stanley McChrystal and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An instant national bestseller! Stanley McChrystal, the retired US Army general and bestselling author of Team of Teams, profiles thirteen of history’s great leaders, including Walt Disney, Coco Chanel, and Robert E. Lee, to show that leadership is not what you think it is—and never was. Stan McChrystal served for thirty-four years in the US Army, rising from a second lieutenant in the 82nd Airborne Division to a four-star general, in command of all American and coalition forces in Afghanistan. During those years he worked with countless leaders and pondered an ancient question: “What makes a leader great?” He came to realize that there is no simple answer. McChrystal profiles thirteen famous leaders from a wide range of eras and fields—from corporate CEOs to politicians and revolutionaries. He uses their stories to explore how leadership works in practice and to challenge the myths that complicate our thinking about this critical topic. With Plutarch’s Lives as his model, McChrystal looks at paired sets of leaders who followed unconventional paths to success. For instance. . . · Walt Disney and Coco Chanel built empires in very different ways. Both had public personas that sharply contrasted with how they lived in private. · Maximilien Robespierre helped shape the French Revolution in the eighteenth century; Abu Musab al-Zarqawi led the jihadist insurgency in Iraq in the twenty-first. We can draw surprising lessons from them about motivation and persuasion. · Both Boss Tweed in nineteenth-century New York and Margaret Thatcher in twentieth-century Britain followed unlikely roads to the top of powerful institutions. · Martin Luther and his future namesake Martin Luther King Jr., both local clergymen, emerged from modest backgrounds to lead world-changing movements. Finally, McChrystal explores how his former hero, General Robert E. Lee, could seemingly do everything right in his military career and yet lead the Confederate Army to a devastating defeat in the service of an immoral cause. Leaders will help you take stock of your own leadership, whether you’re part of a small team or responsible for an entire nation.

A Biography of the Pixel

Author : Alvy Ray Smith
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262542455
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis A Biography of the Pixel by : Alvy Ray Smith

Download or read book A Biography of the Pixel written by Alvy Ray Smith and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pixel as the organizing principle of all pictures, from cave paintings to Toy Story. The Great Digital Convergence of all media types into one universal digital medium occurred, with little fanfare, at the recent turn of the millennium. The bit became the universal medium, and the pixel--a particular packaging of bits--conquered the world. Henceforward, nearly every picture in the world would be composed of pixels--cell phone pictures, app interfaces, Mars Rover transmissions, book illustrations, videogames. In A Biography of the Pixel, Pixar cofounder Alvy Ray Smith argues that the pixel is the organizing principle of most modern media, and he presents a few simple but profound ideas that unify the dazzling varieties of digital image making. Smith's story of the pixel's development begins with Fourier waves, proceeds through Turing machines, and ends with the first digital movies from Pixar, DreamWorks, and Blue Sky. Today, almost all the pictures we encounter are digital--mediated by the pixel and irretrievably separated from their media; museums and kindergartens are two of the last outposts of the analog. Smith explains, engagingly and accessibly, how pictures composed of invisible stuff become visible--that is, how digital pixels convert to analog display elements. Taking the special case of digital movies to represent all of Digital Light (his term for pictures constructed of pixels), and drawing on his decades of work in the field, Smith approaches his subject from multiple angles--art, technology, entertainment, business, and history. A Biography of the Pixel is essential reading for anyone who has watched a video on a cell phone, played a videogame, or seen a movie. 400 pages of annotations, prepared by the author and available online, provide an invaluable resource for readers.

The Good Drone

Author : Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262538881
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Good Drone by : Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick

Download or read book The Good Drone written by Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-07-28 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How small-scale drones, satellites, kites, and balloons are used by social movements for the greater good. Drones are famous for doing bad things: weaponized, they implement remote-control war; used for surveillance, they threaten civil liberties and violate privacy. In The Good Drone, Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick examines a different range of uses: the deployment of drones for the greater good. Choi-Fitzpatrick analyzes the way small-scale drones—as well as satellites, kites, and balloons—are used for a great many things, including documenting human rights abuses, estimating demonstration crowd size, supporting anti-poaching advocacy, and advancing climate change research. In fact, he finds, small drones are used disproportionately for good; nonviolent prosocial uses predominate. Choi-Fitzpatrick's broader point is that the use of technology by social movements goes beyond social media—and began before social media. From the barricades in Les Misérables to hacking attacks on corporate servers to the spread of the #MeToo hashtag on Twitter, technology is used to raise awareness, but is also crucial in raising the cost of the status quo. New technology in the air changes politics on the ground, and raises provocative questions along the way. What is the nature and future of the camera, when it is taken out of human hands? How will our ideas about privacy evolve when the altitude of a penthouse suite no longer guarantees it? Working at the leading edge of an emerging technology, Choi-Fitzpatrick takes a broad view, suggesting social change efforts rely on technology in new and unexpected ways.

Discovering the Mammoth: A Tale of Giants, Unicorns, Ivory, and the Birth of a New Science

Author : John J. McKay
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 168177481X
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis Discovering the Mammoth: A Tale of Giants, Unicorns, Ivory, and the Birth of a New Science by : John J. McKay

Download or read book Discovering the Mammoth: A Tale of Giants, Unicorns, Ivory, and the Birth of a New Science written by John J. McKay and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fascinating saga of solving the mystery of this ancient animal who once roamed the north country—and has captivated our collective imagination ever since. Today, we know that a mammoth is an extinct type of elephant that was covered with long fur and lived in the north country during the ice ages. But how do you figure out what a mammoth is if you have no concept of extinction, ice ages, or fossils? Long after the last mammoth died and was no longer part of the human diet, it still played a role in human life. Cultures around the world interpreted the remains of mammoths through the lens of their own worldview and mythology. When the ancient Greeks saw deposits of giant fossils, they knew they had discovered the battle fields where the gods had vanquished the Titans. When the Chinese discovered buried ivory, they knew they had found dragons’ teeth. But as the Age of Reason dawned, monsters and giants gave way to the scientific method. Yet the mystery of these mighty bones remained. How did Enlightenment thinkers overcome centuries of myth and misunderstanding to reconstruct an unknown animal? The journey to unravel that puzzle begins in the 1690s with the arrival of new type of ivory on the European market bearing the exotic name "mammoth." It ends during the Napoleonic Wars with the first recovery of a frozen mammoth. The path to figuring out the mammoth was traveled by merchants, diplomats, missionaries, cranky doctors, collectors of natural wonders, Swedish POWs, Peter the Great, Ben Franklin, the inventor of hot chocolate, and even one pirate. McKay brings together dozens of original documents and illustrations, some ignored for centuries, to show how this odd assortment of characters solved the mystery of the mammoth and, in doing so, created the science of paleontology.

Ruptures

Author : Martin Holbraad
Publisher : UCL Press
ISBN 13 : 1787356183
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Ruptures by : Martin Holbraad

Download or read book Ruptures written by Martin Holbraad and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ruptures brings together leading and emerging international anthropologists to explore the concept of ‘rupture’. Understood as radical and often forceful forms of discontinuity, rupture is the active ingredient of the current sense of a world in turmoil, lying at the heart of some of the most defining experiences of our time: the rise of populist politics, the corollary impulse towards protest and even revolutionary change, as well as moves towards violence and terror, and the responses these moves elicit. Rupture is addressed in selected ethnographic and historical contexts: images of the guillotine in the French revolution; reactions to Trump’s election in the USA; the motivations of young Danes who join ISIS in Syria; ‘butterfly effect’ activism among environmental anarchists in northern Europe; the experiences of political trauma and its ‘repair’ through privately sponsored museums of Mao’s revolution in China; people’s experience of the devastating 2001 earthquake in Gujarat; the ‘inner’ rupture of Protestant faith among Danish nationalist theologians; and the attempt to invent ex nihilo an alphabet for use in Christian prophetic movements in Congo and Angola. Ruptures takes in new directions broader intellectual debates about continuity and change. In particular, by thematising rupture as a radical, sometimes violent, and even brutal form of discontinuity, it adds a sharper critical edge to contemporary discourses, both in social theory and public debate and policy.

Modern France

Author : Vanessa R. Schwartz
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195389417
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern France by : Vanessa R. Schwartz

Download or read book Modern France written by Vanessa R. Schwartz and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-10-10 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The French Revolution, politics and the modern nation -- French and the civilizing mission -- Paris and magnetic appeal -- France stirs up the melting pot -- France hurtles into the future.

“The” French Revolution

Author : Hippolyte Taine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis “The” French Revolution by : Hippolyte Taine

Download or read book “The” French Revolution written by Hippolyte Taine and published by . This book was released on 1885 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Guillotine and the Cross

Author : Warren Hasty Carroll
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780931888458
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (884 download)

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Book Synopsis The Guillotine and the Cross by : Warren Hasty Carroll

Download or read book The Guillotine and the Cross written by Warren Hasty Carroll and published by . This book was released on 2004-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The persistent myths of the French Revolution--that the destruction of the old order brought unrivaled freedom and happiness for Europe--are shattered in this rousing study of the political violence and social turmoil that struck France in the late 18th century. In the midst of the terrors which unfettered Enlightenment ideology unleashed on the West, Christian hope arose anew to bring true light to one of history's darkest hours.

The French Revolution

Author : Ian Davidson
Publisher : Profile Books
ISBN 13 : 1847659365
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (476 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Revolution by : Ian Davidson

Download or read book The French Revolution written by Ian Davidson and published by Profile Books. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fall of the Bastille on July 14, 1789 has become the commemorative symbol of the French Revolution. But this violent and random act was unrepresentative of the real work of the early revolution, which was taking place ten miles west of Paris, in Versailles. There, the nobles, clergy and commoners of France had just declared themselves a republic, toppling a rotten system of aristocratic privilege and altering the course of history forever. The Revolution was led not by angry mobs, but by the best and brightest of France's growing bourgeoisie: young, educated, ambitious. Their aim was not to destroy, but to build a better state. In just three months they drew up a Declaration of the Rights of Man, which was to become the archetype of all subsequent Declarations worldwide, and they instituted a system of locally elected administration for France which still survives today. They were determined to create an entirely new system of government, based on rights, equality and the rule of law. In the first three years of the Revolution they went a long way toward doing so. Then came Robespierre, the Terror and unspeakable acts of barbarism. In a clear, dispassionate and fast-moving narrative, Ian Davidson shows how and why the Revolutionaries, in just five years, spiralled from the best of the Enlightenment to tyranny and the Terror. The book reminds us that the Revolution was both an inspiration of the finest principles of a new democracy and an awful warning of what can happen when idealism goes wrong.

The Fall of Robespierre

Author : Colin Jones
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198715951
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fall of Robespierre by : Colin Jones

Download or read book The Fall of Robespierre written by Colin Jones and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The day of 9 Thermidor (27 July 1794) is universally acknowledged as a major turning-point in the history of the French Revolution. Maximilien Robespierre, the most prominent member of the Committee of Public Safety, was planning to destroy one of the most dangerous plots that the Revolution had faced.

The Psychology of Radical Social Change

Author : Brady Wagoner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108421628
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Radical Social Change by : Brady Wagoner

Download or read book The Psychology of Radical Social Change written by Brady Wagoner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops a social psychological approach to revolutions through analyzes of cases from around the world and during different historical periods.

A Declaration of the Rights of Magicians

Author : H. G. Parry
Publisher : Hachette UK
ISBN 13 : 0356514692
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (565 download)

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Book Synopsis A Declaration of the Rights of Magicians by : H. G. Parry

Download or read book A Declaration of the Rights of Magicians written by H. G. Parry and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A rich, sprawling epic full of history and magic.' Alix E. Harrow, Hugo award-winning author A sweeping tale of revolution and wonder in a world not quite like our own, A Declaration of the Rights of Magicians is a genre-defying story of magic, war, and the struggle for freedom. It is the Age of Enlightenment -- of new and magical political movements, from the necromancer Robespierre calling for revolution in France to the weather mage Toussaint L'Ouverture leading the slaves of Haiti in their fight for freedom, to the bold new Prime Minister William Pitt weighing the legalization of magic amongst commoners in Britain and abolition throughout its colonies overseas. But amidst all of the upheaval of the enlightened world, there is an unknown force inciting all of human civilisation into violent conflict. And it will require the combined efforts of revolutionaries, magicians, and abolitionists to unmask this hidden enemy before the whole world falls to chaos. For more from H.G. Parry, check out The Unlikely Escape of Uriah Heep 'Impressively intricate; fans of the magic-and-history of Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell will be delighted.' Alexandra Rowland, author of A Conspiracy of Truths 'A beautiful tapestry of words, a combination of carefully observed and researched history and a well-thought-out and fascinating system of magic. An absolute delight to read.' Genevieve Cogman, author of The Invisible Library 'Puts a human face on the titans of the past, while weaving in supernatural elements that add a whole new dimension. I stayed up well past my bedtime to find out what happens next.' Marie Brennan, author of the Memoirs of Lady Trent series

The Terror of Natural Right

Author : Dan Edelstein
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226184404
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis The Terror of Natural Right by : Dan Edelstein

Download or read book The Terror of Natural Right written by Dan Edelstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural right—the idea that there is a collection of laws and rights based not on custom or belief but that are “natural” in origin—is typically associated with liberal politics and freedom. In The Terror of Natural Right, Dan Edelstein argues that the revolutionaries used the natural right concept of the “enemy of the human race”—an individual who has transgressed the laws of nature and must be executed without judicial formalities—to authorize three-quarters of the deaths during the Terror. Edelstein further contends that the Jacobins shared a political philosophy that he calls “natural republicanism,” which assumed that the natural state of society was a republic and that natural right provided its only acceptable laws. Ultimately, he proves that what we call the Terror was in fact only one facet of the republican theory that prevailed from Louis’s trial until the fall of Robespierre. A highly original work of historical analysis, political theory, literary criticism, and intellectual history, The Terror of Natural Right challenges prevailing assumptions of the Terror to offer a new perspective on the Revolutionary period.

Anthropologies of Revolution

Author : Igor Cherstich
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520343794
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Anthropologies of Revolution by : Igor Cherstich

Download or read book Anthropologies of Revolution written by Igor Cherstich and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. What can anthropological thinking contribute to the study of revolutions? The first book-length attempt to develop an anthropological approach to revolutions, Anthropologies of Revolution proposes that revolutions should be seen as concerted attempts to radically reconstitute the worlds people inhabit. Viewing revolutions as all-embracing, world-creating projects, the authors ask readers to move beyond the idea of revolutions as acts of violent political rupture, and instead view them as processes of societal transformation that penetrate deeply into the fabric of people’s lives, unfolding and refolding the coordinates of human existence.