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Return Decomposition Over The Business Cycle
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Book Synopsis Return Decomposition Over the Business Cycle by : Tolga Cenesizoglu
Download or read book Return Decomposition Over the Business Cycle written by Tolga Cenesizoglu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To analyze the determinants of the observed variation in stock prices, Campbell and Shiller (1988) have suggested decomposing unexpected stock returns into unexpected changes in investors' beliefs about future cash flows (cash flow news) and discount rates (discount rate news). Based on a generalization of this approach to a framework with regime-switching parameters and variances, we analyze the decomposition of the conditional variance of returns on the S&P 500 index over the business cycle. The cash flow news is relatively more important than discount rate news in determining the conditional variance of returns in expansions. The conditional variances of returns and its components increase in recessions. However, the conditional variance of discount rate news increases more than that of cash flow news and, thus, the discount rate news becomes relatively more important than cash flow news in determining the conditional variance of returns in recessions. In contrast to the standard Campbell and Shiller approach with constant parameters and variances, cash flow news becomes more important than discount rate news in determining the unconditional variance of returns when we allow parameters and variances to vary over the business cycle. We show that these results are broadly consistent with the implications of a stylized asset pricing model in which the growth rates of dividends and consumption take on different values depending on the underlying state of the economy.
Book Synopsis Hysteresis and Business Cycles by : Ms.Valerie Cerra
Download or read book Hysteresis and Business Cycles written by Ms.Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, economic growth and business cycles have been treated independently. However, the dependence of GDP levels on its history of shocks, what economists refer to as “hysteresis,” argues for unifying the analysis of growth and cycles. In this paper, we review the recent empirical and theoretical literature that motivate this paradigm shift. The renewed interest in hysteresis has been sparked by the persistence of the Global Financial Crisis and fears of a slow recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. The findings of the recent literature have far-reaching conceptual and policy implications. In recessions, monetary and fiscal policies need to be more active to avoid the permanent scars of a downturn. And in good times, running a high-pressure economy could have permanent positive effects.
Book Synopsis The Business Cycle in Post-war Japan by : Shigeyuki Hamori
Download or read book The Business Cycle in Post-war Japan written by Shigeyuki Hamori and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 1997 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Business Cycle in Post-War Japan
Book Synopsis Nowcasting the Business Cycle by : James Picerno
Download or read book Nowcasting the Business Cycle written by James Picerno and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-04 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowcasting The Business Cycle presents a practical guide for analyzing recession risk—the primary risk factor that drives success and failure in business, finance, wealth management, and so much more. Whether you're an individual investor watching over your retirement account; the owner of a small business; a manager running a billion-dollar pension fund; or a CEO in charge of a global corporation, a large portion of triumph and defeat is closely linked with the broad swings in the economy. The business cycle, in other words, is the mother of all known (and recurring) risk factors. Accordingly, developing a process for assessing the likelihood of this threat is critical. Everyone needs a reliable, timely warning system that's relatively uncomplicated and transparent. Drawing on economic theory and macro's historical record, Nowcasting The Business Cycle outlines a simple but effective model for identifying those times when a new recession has probably started. This isn't forecasting, which is a fool's errand when it comes to the economy. Instead, the goal is recognizing when a majority of key indicators have already reached a tipping point. That may sound like a trivial advantage, but most people—including many economists—don't fully recognize when a recession has begun until the deterioration is obvious. By that point, the opportunity has probably passed for taking defensive measures in your investment portfolio, your business, or your career. The real challenge is less about predicting and more about developing solid intuition for recognizing when the macro threat is exceptionally high. Even a small degree of progress here can provide a considerable boost to your strategic insight. If we can learn the techniques for recognizing a cyclical downturn's presence relatively early—soon after it's begun, or just as it's starting—we'll have an advantage that tends to elude most folks. Nowcasting The Business Cycle provides a roadmap for ensuring that you won't be caught by surprise when the next recession strikes. That's a crucial advantage for one powerful reason: There's always another recession coming.
Book Synopsis Two Flaws in Business Cycle Accounting by : Lawrence J. Christiano
Download or read book Two Flaws in Business Cycle Accounting written by Lawrence J. Christiano and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Using "business cycle accounting" (BCA), Chari, Kehoe and McGrattan (2006) (CKM) conclude that models of financial frictions which create a wedge in the intertemporal Euler equation are not promising avenues for modeling business cycle dynamics. There are two reasons that this conclusion is not warranted. First, small changes in the implementation of BCA overturn CKM's conclusions. Second, one way that shocks to the intertemporal wedge impact on the economy is by their spillover effects onto other wedges. This potentially important mechanism for the transmission of intertemporal wedge shocks is not identified under BCA. CKM potentially understate the importance of these shocks by adopting the extreme position that spillover effects are zero."
Author :Lawrence J. Christiano Publisher :London, Ont. : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario ISBN 13 : Total Pages :80 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Tobin's Q and Asset Returns by : Lawrence J. Christiano
Download or read book Tobin's Q and Asset Returns written by Lawrence J. Christiano and published by London, Ont. : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario. This book was released on 1995 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The marginal cost of plant capacity, measured by the price of equity is significantly procyclical. Yet, the price of a major intermediate input into expanding plant capacity, investment goods, is coutercyclical. The ratio of these prices is Tobin's q. We interpret the fact that Tobin's q differs from unity at all reflects that there are diminishing returns to expanding plant capacity by installing investment goods (`adjustment costs'). Also, its numerator and denominator have such different cyclical properties. We find the sign switch in their covariation with output reflects interaction of our adjustment cost specification with the operation of two shocks: one which affects the demand for equity and another which shifts the technology for producing investment goods. The adjustment costs cause the two prices to respond differently to these two shocks which is why it is possible to choose the shock variances to reproduce the sign switch. These model features are incorporated into a modified version of a model analyzed in Boldrin, Christiano and Fisher (1995) which contains assumptions designed to account for the observed mean return on risk free and risky assets. We find various modifications not only account for the sign switch but also continue to account for the salient features of mean asset returns. We turn to business cycle implications of our model. The model does as well as standard models with respect to conventional business cycle measures of volatility and comovement with output, and on one dimension the model significantly dominates standard models. The factors that help it account for prices and rates of return on assets also help it account for the fact that employment across a broad range of sectors moves together over the cycle.
Book Synopsis Tobin's Q and Asset Returns by : Lawrence J. Christiano
Download or read book Tobin's Q and Asset Returns written by Lawrence J. Christiano and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The marginal cost of plant capacity, measured by the price of equity is significantly procyclical. Yet, the price of a major intermediate input into expanding plant capacity, investment goods, is coutercyclical. The ratio of these prices is Tobin's q. We interpret the fact that Tobin's q differs from unity at all reflects that there are diminishing returns to expanding plant capacity by installing investment goods (`adjustment costs'). Also, its numerator and denominator have such different cyclical properties. We find the sign switch in their covariation with output reflects interaction of our adjustment cost specification with the operation of two shocks: one which affects the demand for equity and another which shifts the technology for producing investment goods. The adjustment costs cause the two prices to respond differently to these two shocks which is why it is possible to choose the shock variances to reproduce the sign switch. These model features are incorporated into a modified version of a model analyzed in Boldrin, Christiano and Fisher (1995) which contains assumptions designed to account for the observed mean return on risk free and risky assets. We find various modifications not only account for the sign switch but also continue to account for the salient features of mean asset returns. We turn to business cycle implications of our model. The model does as well as standard models with respect to conventional business cycle measures of volatility and comovement with output, and on one dimension the model significantly dominates standard models. The factors that help it account for prices and rates of return on assets also help it account for the fact that employment across a broad range of sectors moves together over the cycle.
Book Synopsis Heterogeneity and Persistence in Returns to Wealth by : Andreas Fagereng
Download or read book Heterogeneity and Persistence in Returns to Wealth written by Andreas Fagereng and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide a systematic analysis of the properties of individual returns to wealth using twelve years of population data from Norway’s administrative tax records. We document a number of novel results. First, during our sample period individuals earn markedly different average returns on their financial assets (a standard deviation of 14%) and on their net worth (a standard deviation of 8%). Second, heterogeneity in returns does not arise merely from differences in the allocation of wealth between safe and risky assets: returns are heterogeneous even within asset classes. Third, returns are positively correlated with wealth: moving from the 10th to the 90th percentile of the financial wealth distribution increases the return by 3 percentage points - and by 17 percentage points when the same exercise is performed for the return to net worth. Fourth, wealth returns exhibit substantial persistence over time. We argue that while this persistence partly reflects stable differences in risk exposure and assets scale, it also reflects persistent heterogeneity in sophistication and financial information, as well as entrepreneurial talent. Finally, wealth returns are (mildly) correlated across generations. We discuss the implications of these findings for several strands of the wealth inequality debate.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Models and Structural Estimation in Corporate Finance by : Ilya A. Strebulaev
Download or read book Dynamic Models and Structural Estimation in Corporate Finance written by Ilya A. Strebulaev and published by Now Pub. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals of this monograph are to explain the models and techniques and make it more accessible, introduce the main strands of this literature, and explain how dynamic models can be taken to the data and estimated, providing a guide to 3 methodologies: generalized method of moments, simulated method of moments, and maximum simulated likelihood.
Book Synopsis Explaining the Stock Market's Reaction to Unemployment News Over the Business Cycle by : Joost Driessen
Download or read book Explaining the Stock Market's Reaction to Unemployment News Over the Business Cycle written by Joost Driessen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the impact of unemployment news on stock markets throughout the business cycle. We show dependence of the reaction to the economic environment by studying the reaction in multiple economic environments that are defined based on both the level and momentum of economic activity. Applying the Campbell-Shiller decomposition combined with a VAR model, we attribute the stock market reactions on a daily basis to its main drivers: changes in the risk free rate, risk premium and dividends. The decomposition of daily returns shows that all three drivers are important determinants of announcement returns.
Book Synopsis Leading Economic Indicators by : Kajal Lahiri
Download or read book Leading Economic Indicators written by Kajal Lahiri and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed fifty years ago by the National Bureau of Economic Research, the analytic methods of business cycles and economic indicators enable economists to forecast economic trends by examining the repetitive sequences that occur in business cycles. The methodology has proven to be an inexpensive and useful tool that is now used extensively throughout the world. In recent years, however, significant new developments have emerged in the field of business cycles and economic indicators. This volume contains twenty-two articles by international experts who are working with new and innovative approaches to indicator research. They cover advances in three broad areas of research: the use of new developments in economic theory and time-series analysis to rationalise existing systems of indicators; more appropriate methods to evaluate the forecasting records of leading indicators, particularly of turning point probability; and the development of new indicators.
Book Synopsis From Main Street to Wall Street by : Jesper Rangvid
Download or read book From Main Street to Wall Street written by Jesper Rangvid and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-01-26 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the relation between the economy and the stock market. It discusses the academic theories and the empirical facts, and guides readers through the fascinating interaction between economic activity and financial markets.
Book Synopsis Asset Pricing Theory by : Costis Skiadas
Download or read book Asset Pricing Theory written by Costis Skiadas and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asset Pricing Theory is an advanced textbook for doctoral students and researchers that offers a modern introduction to the theoretical and methodological foundations of competitive asset pricing. Costis Skiadas develops in depth the fundamentals of arbitrage pricing, mean-variance analysis, equilibrium pricing, and optimal consumption/portfolio choice in discrete settings, but with emphasis on geometric and martingale methods that facilitate an effortless transition to the more advanced continuous-time theory. Among the book's many innovations are its use of recursive utility as the benchmark representation of dynamic preferences, and an associated theory of equilibrium pricing and optimal portfolio choice that goes beyond the existing literature. Asset Pricing Theory is complete with extensive exercises at the end of every chapter and comprehensive mathematical appendixes, making this book a self-contained resource for graduate students and academic researchers, as well as mathematically sophisticated practitioners seeking a deeper understanding of concepts and methods on which practical models are built. Covers in depth the modern theoretical foundations of competitive asset pricing and consumption/portfolio choice Uses recursive utility as the benchmark preference representation in dynamic settings Sets the foundations for advanced modeling using geometric arguments and martingale methodology Features self-contained mathematical appendixes Includes extensive end-of-chapter exercises
Book Synopsis The Return on Everything and the Business Cycle in Production Economies by : Daniel Fehrle
Download or read book The Return on Everything and the Business Cycle in Production Economies written by Daniel Fehrle and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The risk premium puzzle is even worse than previously reported if housing is also taken into consideration next to equity. While housing premia are only moderately smaller than equity premia, they are significantly less volatile and the Sharpe ratio of housing is significantly larger. Hence, three question arise: i) are existing approaches to explain the equity premium puzzle also capable of explaining even larger Sharpe ratios than previously required, ii) can return rates and volatilities of various assets be differentiated, and iii) can different Sharpe ratios between the two risky assets be matched. We analyze these questions, next to business cycle statistics, by including housing into seminal approaches to solve the risk premium puzzle in production economies. Non-disaster economies with habit formation, capital adjustment costs and limited factor mobility fail to generate a Sharpe ratio of housing of the empirically observed size and do not explain co-moving economic activity. A basic model with time-varying disaster risk can reproduce the large Sharpe ratio of housing. Moreover, the model can explain different means and volatilities of the risky assets, economic activity comoves and the model explains the volatility ratio of business investments, residential investments and house prices. However, the model does not allow to disentangle the Sharpe ratios of the risky assets and premia on equity remain too involatile.
Book Synopsis Business Cycles and the Relation between Security Returns and Earnings by : Marilyn F. Johnson
Download or read book Business Cycles and the Relation between Security Returns and Earnings written by Marilyn F. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines business cycle variation in the earnings-returns relation. Earnings are more persistent when growth rates are high (i.e., in an expansion) than when growth rates are low (i.e., in a recession). Earnings are more persistent when production is high (i.e., in a credit crunch period) than when production is low (i.e., in a reliquification period). Relatedly, earnings response coefficients are larger in expansions (credit crunch periods) than in recessions (reliquification periods). Thus, earnings persistence and earnings response coefficients are positively associated with the rate of growth in economic activity and the level of economic activity.
Book Synopsis Business Cycles by : Victor Zarnowitz
Download or read book Business Cycles written by Victor Zarnowitz and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the most complete collection available of the work of Victor Zarnowitz, a leader in the study of business cycles, growth, inflation, and forecasting.. With characteristic insight, Zarnowitz examines theories of the business cycle, including Keynesian and monetary theories and more recent rational expectation and real business cycle theories. He also measures trends and cycles in economic activity; evaluates the performance of leading indicators and their composite measures; surveys forecasting tools and performance of business and academic economists; discusses historical changes in the nature and sources of business cycles; and analyzes how successfully forecasting firms and economists predict such key economic variables as interest rates and inflation.
Book Synopsis Frontiers of Business Cycle Research by : Thomas F. Cooley
Download or read book Frontiers of Business Cycle Research written by Thomas F. Cooley and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1995-02-26 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introduction to modern business cycle theory uses a neoclassical growth framework to study the economic fluctuations associated with the business cycle. Presenting advances in dynamic economic theory and computational methods, it applies concepts to t
