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Responses Of Diamondback Moths Plutella Xylostella L And Other Insect Pests To Volatile Compounds Of Cruciferous Crops
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Book Synopsis Responses of Diamondback Moths Plutella Xylostella (L.) and Other Insect Pests to Volatile Compounds of Cruciferous Crops by :
Download or read book Responses of Diamondback Moths Plutella Xylostella (L.) and Other Insect Pests to Volatile Compounds of Cruciferous Crops written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diamondback moth is a world-wide pest of cruciferous crops in temperate and tropical regions and in Saskatchewan it is a major pest of canola. It cannot survive the winter in the Canadian prairies but it arrives each spring on the winds from the southern United States.Very little is known about how the diamondback moth finds its host plants, so a study was initiated to determine the odour cues it uses in host-plant location. This paper describes the daily rhythms of reproductive activity of the moth and the influence of both adult density and exposure to host plants on the ontogeny of reproductive activities.
Download or read book Final Report written by Cedric Gillott and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Responses of Diamondback Moths, Plutella Xycostella (L.) and Other Insect Pests to Volatile Compounds of Cruciferous Crops by : Ken Pivnick
Download or read book Responses of Diamondback Moths, Plutella Xycostella (L.) and Other Insect Pests to Volatile Compounds of Cruciferous Crops written by Ken Pivnick and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Sixth International Workshop on Management of the Diamondback Moth and Other Crucifer Insect Pests by : R. Srinivasan
Download or read book The Sixth International Workshop on Management of the Diamondback Moth and Other Crucifer Insect Pests written by R. Srinivasan and published by AVRDC-WorldVegetableCenter. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Compatibility of Chemicals Against Diamondback Moth by : Siddartha Danagowdar
Download or read book Compatibility of Chemicals Against Diamondback Moth written by Siddartha Danagowdar and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cole crops are important group of winter vegetables consumed all over the world. Among several cole crops, Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) is important one.Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella is one of the most destructive pests of cruciferous vegetables in the world and has been reported from at least 128 countries. There are several strategies to manage Diamondback moth. Among them insecticides play an important role in plant protection. Several insecticide molecules are available in market, but many of them are not tested for the compatibility or recommended by reputed research institutes. Hence, it was necessary to investigate the compatibility of the most common agro-chemicals with respect to insect pest management in cabbage ecosystem. Therefore, the present research was planned with the following objectives to collect information on commonly used agro-chemicals in major cabbage growing areas near Chikmagalur (Karnataka, India) and to test the compatibility for the selected agro-chemicals against larvae of Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella in the laboratory.
Book Synopsis Integrated Management of Insect Pests on Canola and Other Brassica Oilseed Crops by : Gadi V P Reddy
Download or read book Integrated Management of Insect Pests on Canola and Other Brassica Oilseed Crops written by Gadi V P Reddy and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-04-26 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively reviews current pest management practices and explores novel integrated pest management strategies in Brassica oilseed crops. It is essential reading for pest management practitioners and researchers working on pest management in canola and other Brassica crops worldwide. Canola, mustard, camelina and crambe are the most important oilseed crops in the world. Canola is the second largest oilseed crop in the world providing 13% of the world's supply. Seeds of these species commonly contain 40% or more oil and produce meals with 35 to 40% protein. However, its production has declined significantly in recent years due to insect pest problems. The canola pest complexes are responsible for high insecticide applications on canola. Many growers rely on calendar-based spraying schedules for insecticide applications. The diamondback moth Plutella xylostella and flea beetles Phyllotreta spp. (P. cruciferae and P. striolata)cause serious damage to canola. In the Northern Great Plains, USA, for instance, P. xylostella is now recorded everywhere that canola is grown. Severe damage to canola plants can be caused by overwintering populations of flea beetles feeding on newly emerged seedlings. Cabbage seed pod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus), swede midge (Contarinia nasturtii), and tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris) are also severe pests on canola. Minor pests include aphids (cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae and turnip aphid, Hyadaphis erysimi) and grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes.
Book Synopsis Diamondback Moth and Other Crucifer Pests by : N. S. Talekar
Download or read book Diamondback Moth and Other Crucifer Pests written by N. S. Talekar and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecology and host-plant interaction; Sex pheromone; Microbial control; Biological control; Chemical control; Insecticide resistance; Integrated pest management.
Book Synopsis Resistance of Cruciferous Crops to the Diamondback Moth, Plutella Maculipennis (Curtis), and Other Insect Pests by : John Daniel Rudder
Download or read book Resistance of Cruciferous Crops to the Diamondback Moth, Plutella Maculipennis (Curtis), and Other Insect Pests written by John Daniel Rudder and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding the Diamondback Moth (Plutella Xylostella) Performance in Plant Alternative Cropping Systems by : Anshul Sidhu
Download or read book Understanding the Diamondback Moth (Plutella Xylostella) Performance in Plant Alternative Cropping Systems written by Anshul Sidhu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diamondback moth (DBM) (Plutella xylostella) (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is one of the most widespread and harmful insect pests almost exclusively targeting plants belonging to the Brassicaceae family. Understanding of DBM's behaviour and ecology is therefore crucial to develop novel, economically and environmentally friendly methods of control. One of the main objectives of this study was to determine whether the amount of time (# of generations) spent on a particular host plant by the DBM 4th instar larvae influences their preference, when exposed to and reared on alternative host plants. Experiments included rearing three lineages of DBM on three different plant species for three generations and exposing 4th instar larvae from each generation to the test plant species in a choice experiment. Results indicated that the amount of time spent on a particular host plant had no effect on food selection. The 4th instar larvae prefer turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) the most and kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) is the least preferred plant. Another major objective of this is to examine the response of DBM to intercropping as an integrated pest management strategy and whether intercropping changes the sinigrin concentration in kale leaves. Two DBM males and females were exposed to either kale or kale grown with onions (Allium cepa) in controlled conditions to assess their performance and kale damage. Results indicated that fewer 4th instars and pupae were present in the intercropping. There was no change in the sinigrin content between the two treatments. Results suggested that the physical presence of onions may be necessary for the decreased larval numbers observed in the intercropping system. It is hypothesized that onions may release repellent volatiles rendering the environment less suitable for DBM. Our study shows the complexity of DBM's interaction with its host plants and adds to the mounting amount of evidence towards the effectiveness of an intercropping system in controlling pest infestation.
Book Synopsis Microlog, Canadian Research Index by :
Download or read book Microlog, Canadian Research Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An indexing, abstracting and document delivery service that covers current Canadian report literature of reference value from government and institutional sources.
Book Synopsis Eco-friendly Management of Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella (L.) by : Mandira Katuwal Bhattarai
Download or read book Eco-friendly Management of Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella (L.) written by Mandira Katuwal Bhattarai and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-07 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research was conducted to provide information about eco-friendly and economic means to control Diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE), one of the serious pest of cruciferous crops throughout the world. Because of its resistivity to many pesticides and the harmful effects of those pesticides to ecology an alternative means of controlling this moth is necessary. This book attempts to compare the effectiveness of several biorational compounds which are cost effective and very eco-friendly. The author targets this manuscript for all the IPM followers, farmers, researchers, extension service providers, development organizations, NGOs and INGOs.
Book Synopsis Diamondback Moth (Plutella Xylostella L.) by : Anuthep Fongsmut
Download or read book Diamondback Moth (Plutella Xylostella L.) written by Anuthep Fongsmut and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) is a major pest of crucifer crops worldwide. It is a particularly important problem in Southeast Asia where climatic conditions favor a short generation time and rapid proliferation. In countries such as Thailand, the diamondback moth has apparently become resistant to all classes of insecticides, even the newest ones. The first part of this thesis is the development of a computer database of all the available information on diamondback moth toxicology. About 1,550 records were extracted from more than 235 published or unpublished documents. These records include information on the geographical location of experiments, the insecticide evaluated, the testing method and the results observed. Most records in the database are from the last decade, and are predominantly from Taiwan, Thailand, the USA and Japan. Trends in the use of various classes of insecticides can easily be followed. Thirty three records have been found of insecticide resistance of more than a thousandfold. An the known mechanisms of resistance are found, and the diamondback moth has become resistant to all the classes of insecticides, including Bacillus thuringiensis but excluding abamectin. Case studies made possible by the use of the database showed a rapid succession in the use of 29 insecticides in the last 26 years in a single country (Thailand). Although this rapid succession is usually ascribed to the development of resistance, a case study on the regional differences in resistance to five insecticides showed marked variations in the level of resistance over distances of 20 miles or more. The possibility of managing insecticide resistance at the local level, already suggested by studies in Hawaii, is thus supported by this analysis. In the second part of this thesis, the toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai and of the bacterial toxin abamectin was tested by two bioassay techniques on populations of the diamondback moth from two Chinese kale fields at locations in Thailand at which the highest levels of resistance to most insecticides have been reported. The leaf-dip bioassay was found to be superior to a residue-vial assay or to the FAO-recommended assay. More than 70-fold resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai was observed in the populations of DBM collected from these two fields, suporting the theory that resistance resulted in the control failures reported by growers. Resistance did not explain control failures with abamectin as no resistance to this compound could be detected. The third part of this thesis analyzes the intraplant distribution of the diamondback moth larvae in an effort to explain the control failures with abamectin on Chinese kale. Extensive sampling of the various larval instars of the diamondback moth revealed that a majority of second instar larvae were sheltered on the young folded leaves of Chinese kale. The majority of fourth instar larvae and pupae were found on mature (lower) leaves. Inefficient spraying practices observed in the field with high volume, low pressure hydraulic pump sprayers may allow the young larvae to escape pesticide exposure possibly explaining control failures in the absence of physiological resistance. This study shows that resistance in the diamondback moth is a worldwide problem of major proportions. The rapid development of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in the field is of practical concern. Resistance management programs in developing countries should include mechanisms to optimize insecticide delivery to the protected habitats of diamondback moth on Chinese kale.
Book Synopsis Tri-trophic Studies Using Cry1Ac-resistant Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella (L.) Demonstrate No Adverse Effects of Cry1 Ac on the Entomopathogenic Nematode, Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Poinar by : Saurabh Gautam
Download or read book Tri-trophic Studies Using Cry1Ac-resistant Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella (L.) Demonstrate No Adverse Effects of Cry1 Ac on the Entomopathogenic Nematode, Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Poinar written by Saurabh Gautam and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is an important insect pest of brassica crops. This pest is globally distributed and reported to cause annual losses of US $4-5 billion to the world economy. Continuous and intensive use of many classes of insecticides has led to resistance development in some populations of P. xylostella, particularly in the tropics and subtropics where brassica crops are grown year-round and insect pressure is intense. Long distance migration, its ability to establish in new habitats and elimination of local natural enemies from the agroecosystem due to the intense use of broad-spectrum insecticides are some of the reasons that have contributed to outbreaks of this devastating pest. The development and commercialization of insect-resistant genetically modified (IRGM) crops expressing insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have revolutionized insect pest management in two field crops, cotton and corn. In 2012, these crops were grown on more than 69 million hectares worldwide. Several studies have reported that Bt genes coding for insecticidal Cry toxins, when introduced in brassica crops, confer resistance to P. xylostella. Introduction of Bt brassica crops along with other pest management tactics including cultural, chemical and natural enemies could be a feasible solution to keep P. xylostella under control in the near and long term. However, assessing the environmental safety and compatibility of Bt crops with other control measures, particularly with biological control agents, is imperative. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) in the family Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae are important biological control agents for many insect pests. Laboratory and field studies have reported the potential use of EPN for the control of P. xylostella. In the future, if Bt brassica crops are commercialized, EPN applied against P. xylostella may become exposed to Bt proteins directly through root exudates or indirectly by feeding on P. xylostella that developed on Bt crops. The main purpose of this research project was to assess the potential effects of Cry1Ac on Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) under tri-trophic conditions. Using Cry1Ac-resistant P. xylostella larvae as hosts, we evaluated the potential impact of Cry1Ac-expressing broccoli on several fitness parameters of H. bacteriophora. Virulence, reproductive potential, time of emergence and preference of H. bacteriophora for the host (P. xylostella) were not significantly affected when Cry1Ac-resistant P. xylostella larvae were reared on leaves of Cry1Ac or non-Bt broccoli. Also the above-mentioned parameters of the subsequent generation of H. bacteriophora did not differ between nematodes obtained from P. xylostella reared on Cry1Ac broccoli compared to those obtained from P. xylostella reared on non-Bt broccoli.
Book Synopsis Effect of Intercropping and Trap Cropping on the Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella L., Its Natural Enemies and Other Brassicaceous Pests, And, Studies on Diadegma Insulare (Cresson), the Major Diamondback Moth Parasitoid by : Ángel Luis González
Download or read book Effect of Intercropping and Trap Cropping on the Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella L., Its Natural Enemies and Other Brassicaceous Pests, And, Studies on Diadegma Insulare (Cresson), the Major Diamondback Moth Parasitoid written by Ángel Luis González and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plant Secondary Metabolism by : David S. Seigler
Download or read book Plant Secondary Metabolism written by David S. Seigler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life has evolved as a unified system; no organism exists similar role also has been suggested for fatty acids from alone, but each is in intimate contact with other organisms cyanolipids. Nonprotein amino acids, cyanogenic glyco and its environment. Historically, it was easier for workers sides, and the non-fatty-acid portion of cyanolipids also are in various disciplines to delimit artificially their respective incorporated into primary metabolites during germination. areas of research, rather than attempt to understand the entire Secondary metabolites of these structural types are accumu system of living organisms. This was a pragmatic and neces lated in large quantities in the seeds of several plant groups sary way to develop an understanding for the various parts. where they probably fulfill an additional function as deter We are now at a point, however, where we need to investi rents to general predation. gate those things common to the parts and, specifically, those The second type of relationship involves interaction of things that unify the parts. The fundamental aspects of many plants with other organisms and with their environment. Bio of these interactions are chemical in nature. Plants constitute logical interactions must be viewed in the light of evolution an essential part of all life systems; phytochemistry provides ary change and the coadaptation, or perhaps coevolution, of a medium for linking several fields of study.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-09 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
