Research Questions Study Design

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Doing Research with Children

Author : Anne D Greig
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446289850
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Doing Research with Children by : Anne D Greig

Download or read book Doing Research with Children written by Anne D Greig and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2012-11-16 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Third Edition of Doing Research with Children is practical introduction to the process of designing, doing and writing up research with children and young people. At the centre is a commitment to engaging with children and young people as active research participants rather than as passive subjects. In the new edition, you′ll find up to date information on the fast-changing political and ethical debates around research with children and young people as well as guidance on how to carry out research yourself. Divided into three sections, the new edition covers: -the main theories and approaches of research with children and young people -expanded guidance on research ethics -techniques for conducting both qualitative and quantitative research -more on analysing your research -a brand new chapter on communicating your research findings. This is a must-have guide for students and practitioners who are engaging in research with children and young people.

Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide

Author : Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.)
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 1587634236
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide by : Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.)

Download or read book Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide written by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)

Clinical Epidemiology

Author : R. Brian Haynes
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1451178794
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Epidemiology by : R. Brian Haynes

Download or read book Clinical Epidemiology written by R. Brian Haynes and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Third Edition of this popular text focuses on clinical-practice research methods. It is written by clinicians with experience in generating and answering researchable questions about real-world clinical practice and health care—the prevention, treatment, diagnosis, prognosis, and causes of diseases, the measurement of quality of life, and the effects of innovations in health services. The book has a problem-oriented and protocol-based approach and is written at an introductory level, emphasizing key principles and their applications. A bound-in CD-ROM contains the full text of the book to help the reader locate needed information.

100 Questions (and Answers) About Research Methods

Author : Neil J. Salkind
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1412992036
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis 100 Questions (and Answers) About Research Methods by : Neil J. Salkind

Download or read book 100 Questions (and Answers) About Research Methods written by Neil J. Salkind and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do I create a good research hypothesis? How do I know when my literature review is finished? What is the difference between a sample and a population? What is power and why is it important? In an increasingly data-driven world, it is more important than ever for students as well as professionals to better understand the process of research. This invaluable guide answers the essential questions that students ask about research methods in a concise and accessible way.

Small Clinical Trials

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171148
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Small Clinical Trials by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Small Clinical Trials written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.

The Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research

Author : Sally A. Fincher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1108756212
Total Pages : 924 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research by : Sally A. Fincher

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research written by Sally A. Fincher and published by . This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an authoritative introduction to Computing Education research written by over 50 leading researchers from academia and the industry.

The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods

Author : Mike Allen
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1483381420
Total Pages : 2013 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods by : Mike Allen

Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods written by Mike Allen and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-04-11 with total page 2013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communication research is evolving and changing in a world of online journals, open-access, and new ways of obtaining data and conducting experiments via the Internet. Although there are generic encyclopedias describing basic social science research methodologies in general, until now there has been no comprehensive A-to-Z reference work exploring methods specific to communication and media studies. Our entries, authored by key figures in the field, focus on special considerations when applied specifically to communication research, accompanied by engaging examples from the literature of communication, journalism, and media studies. Entries cover every step of the research process, from the creative development of research topics and questions to literature reviews, selection of best methods (whether quantitative, qualitative, or mixed) for analyzing research results and publishing research findings, whether in traditional media or via new media outlets. In addition to expected entries covering the basics of theories and methods traditionally used in communication research, other entries discuss important trends influencing the future of that research, including contemporary practical issues students will face in communication professions, the influences of globalization on research, use of new recording technologies in fieldwork, and the challenges and opportunities related to studying online multi-media environments. Email, texting, cellphone video, and blogging are shown not only as topics of research but also as means of collecting and analyzing data. Still other entries delve into considerations of accountability, copyright, confidentiality, data ownership and security, privacy, and other aspects of conducting an ethical research program. Features: 652 signed entries are contained in an authoritative work spanning four volumes available in choice of electronic or print formats. Although organized A-to-Z, front matter includes a Reader’s Guide grouping entries thematically to help students interested in a specific aspect of communication research to more easily locate directly related entries. Back matter includes a Chronology of the development of the field of communication research; a Resource Guide to classic books, journals, and associations; a Glossary introducing the terminology of the field; and a detailed Index. Entries conclude with References/Further Readings and Cross-References to related entries to guide students further in their research journeys. The Index, Reader’s Guide themes, and Cross-References combine to provide robust search-and-browse in the e-version.

Crafting Qualitative Research Questions

Author : Elizabeth (Betsy) A. Baker
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1071819119
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (718 download)

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Book Synopsis Crafting Qualitative Research Questions by : Elizabeth (Betsy) A. Baker

Download or read book Crafting Qualitative Research Questions written by Elizabeth (Betsy) A. Baker and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2021-12-12 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essence of research design is the ability to articulate your research question. The research question is the precursor to the study, and a well-crafted question encapsulates all of the design elements for that study. Based on more than 20 years of conducting research, collaborating with colleagues to formulate research projects, and experience advising doctoral students, author Dr. Elizabeth (Betsy) A. Baker forged a research design heuristic which she introduces in this book. She starts by dissecting the anatomy of a qualitative research question, outlines the role of paradigms in research design, describes strategies to use the anatomy as a design heuristic, and provides sample cases that track the decisions two researchers made while formulating a qualitative question. The book concludes with advice on how to move from the research question to the proposal. Throughout, the author provides handy worksheets that readers can complete as they work on crafting their own research question.

An Applied Guide to Research Designs

Author : W. Alex Edmonds
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1483317285
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis An Applied Guide to Research Designs by : W. Alex Edmonds

Download or read book An Applied Guide to Research Designs written by W. Alex Edmonds and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-20 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of An Applied Guide to Research Designs offers researchers in the social and behavioral sciences guidance for selecting the most appropriate research design to apply in their study. Using consistent terminology, the authors visually present a range of research designs used in quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods to help readers conceptualize, construct, test, and problem solve in their investigation. The Second Edition features revamped and expanded coverage of research designs, new real-world examples and references, a new chapter on action research, and updated ancillaries.

Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes

Author : Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 1587634333
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes by : Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ

Download or read book Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes written by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is intended to support the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and quality evaluation of registries created to increase understanding of patient outcomes. For the purposes of this guide, a patient registry is an organized system that uses observational study methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) to evaluate specified outcomes for a population defined by a particular disease, condition, or exposure, and that serves one or more predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purposes. A registry database is a file (or files) derived from the registry. Although registries can serve many purposes, this guide focuses on registries created for one or more of the following purposes: to describe the natural history of disease, to determine clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of health care products and services, to measure or monitor safety and harm, and/or to measure quality of care. Registries are classified according to how their populations are defined. For example, product registries include patients who have been exposed to biopharmaceutical products or medical devices. Health services registries consist of patients who have had a common procedure, clinical encounter, or hospitalization. Disease or condition registries are defined by patients having the same diagnosis, such as cystic fibrosis or heart failure. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews.

Secondary Analysis of Electronic Health Records

Author : MIT Critical Data
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319437429
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Secondary Analysis of Electronic Health Records by : MIT Critical Data

Download or read book Secondary Analysis of Electronic Health Records written by MIT Critical Data and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book trains the next generation of scientists representing different disciplines to leverage the data generated during routine patient care. It formulates a more complete lexicon of evidence-based recommendations and support shared, ethical decision making by doctors with their patients. Diagnostic and therapeutic technologies continue to evolve rapidly, and both individual practitioners and clinical teams face increasingly complex ethical decisions. Unfortunately, the current state of medical knowledge does not provide the guidance to make the majority of clinical decisions on the basis of evidence. The present research infrastructure is inefficient and frequently produces unreliable results that cannot be replicated. Even randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the traditional gold standards of the research reliability hierarchy, are not without limitations. They can be costly, labor intensive, and slow, and can return results that are seldom generalizable to every patient population. Furthermore, many pertinent but unresolved clinical and medical systems issues do not seem to have attracted the interest of the research enterprise, which has come to focus instead on cellular and molecular investigations and single-agent (e.g., a drug or device) effects. For clinicians, the end result is a bit of a “data desert” when it comes to making decisions. The new research infrastructure proposed in this book will help the medical profession to make ethically sound and well informed decisions for their patients.

Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods

Author : Paul J. Lavrakas
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 150631788X
Total Pages : 1073 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods by : Paul J. Lavrakas

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods written by Paul J. Lavrakas and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2008-09-12 with total page 1073 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To the uninformed, surveys appear to be an easy type of research to design and conduct, but when students and professionals delve deeper, they encounter the vast complexities that the range and practice of survey methods present. To complicate matters, technology has rapidly affected the way surveys can be conducted; today, surveys are conducted via cell phone, the Internet, email, interactive voice response, and other technology-based modes. Thus, students, researchers, and professionals need both a comprehensive understanding of these complexities and a revised set of tools to meet the challenges. In conjunction with top survey researchers around the world and with Nielsen Media Research serving as the corporate sponsor, the Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods presents state-of-the-art information and methodological examples from the field of survey research. Although there are other "how-to" guides and references texts on survey research, none is as comprehensive as this Encyclopedia, and none presents the material in such a focused and approachable manner. With more than 600 entries, this resource uses a Total Survey Error perspective that considers all aspects of possible survey error from a cost-benefit standpoint. Key Features Covers all major facets of survey research methodology, from selecting the sample design and the sampling frame, designing and pretesting the questionnaire, data collection, and data coding, to the thorny issues surrounding diminishing response rates, confidentiality, privacy, informed consent and other ethical issues, data weighting, and data analyses Presents a Reader′s Guide to organize entries around themes or specific topics and easily guide users to areas of interest Offers cross-referenced terms, a brief listing of Further Readings, and stable Web site URLs following most entries The Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods is specifically written to appeal to beginning, intermediate, and advanced students, practitioners, researchers, consultants, and consumers of survey-based information.

Constructing Research Questions

Author : Mats Alvesson
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446290484
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructing Research Questions by : Mats Alvesson

Download or read book Constructing Research Questions written by Mats Alvesson and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All researchers want to produce interesting and influential theories. A key step in all theory development is formulating innovative research questions that will result in interesting and significant research. Traditional textbooks on research methods tend to ignore, or gloss over, actual ways of constructing research questions. In this text, Alvesson and Sandberg develop a problematization methodology for identifying and challenging the assumptions underlying existing theories and for generating research questions that can lead to more interesting and influential theories, using examples from across the social sciences. Established methods of generating research questions in the social sciences tend to focus on ′gap-spotting′, which means that existing literature remains largely unchallenged. The authors show the dangers of conventional approaches, providing detailed ideas for how one can work through such problems and formulate novel research questions that challenge existing theories and produce more imaginative empirical studies. Constructing Research Questions is essential reading for any researcher looking to formulate research questions that are interesting and novel.

Planning Clinical Research

Author : Robert A. Parker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521840635
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Planning Clinical Research by : Robert A. Parker

Download or read book Planning Clinical Research written by Robert A. Parker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-12 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planning clinical research requires many decisions. The authors of this book explain key decisions with examples showing what works and what does not.

Designing Clinical Research

Author : Stephen B. Hulley
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1451165854
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Designing Clinical Research by : Stephen B. Hulley

Download or read book Designing Clinical Research written by Stephen B. Hulley and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2011-11-30 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing Clinical Research sets the standard for providing a practical guide to planning, tabulating, formulating, and implementing clinical research, with an easy-to-read, uncomplicated presentation. This edition incorporates current research methodology—including molecular and genetic clinical research—and offers an updated syllabus for conducting a clinical research workshop. Emphasis is on common sense as the main ingredient of good science. The book explains how to choose well-focused research questions and details the steps through all the elements of study design, data collection, quality assurance, and basic grant-writing. All chapters have been thoroughly revised, updated, and made more user-friendly.

Encyclopedia of Research Design

Author : Neil J. Salkind
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412961270
Total Pages : 1779 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Research Design by : Neil J. Salkind

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Research Design written by Neil J. Salkind and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page 1779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Comprising more than 500 entries, the Encyclopedia of Research Design explains how to make decisions about research design, undertake research projects in an ethical manner, interpret and draw valid inferences from data, and evaluate experiment design strategies and results. Two additional features carry this encyclopedia far above other works in the field: bibliographic entries devoted to significant articles in the history of research design and reviews of contemporary tools, such as software and statistical procedures, used to analyze results. It covers the spectrum of research design strategies, from material presented in introductory classes to topics necessary in graduate research; it addresses cross- and multidisciplinary research needs, with many examples drawn from the social and behavioral sciences, neurosciences, and biomedical and life sciences; it provides summaries of advantages and disadvantages of often-used strategies; and it uses hundreds of sample tables, figures, and equations based on real-life cases."--Publisher's description.

Evidence-based Medicine

Author : Sharon E. Straus
Publisher : Elsevier Masson
ISBN 13 : 9782842997731
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (977 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence-based Medicine by : Sharon E. Straus

Download or read book Evidence-based Medicine written by Sharon E. Straus and published by Elsevier Masson. This book was released on 2005 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accompanying CD-ROM contains clinical examples, critical appraisals and background papers.