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Report On Armenias Parliamentary Election May 30 1999
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Author :United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :32 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Report on Armenia's Parliamentary Election, May 30, 1999 by : United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Download or read book Report on Armenia's Parliamentary Election, May 30, 1999 written by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy by : Richard D. Anderson Jr.
Download or read book Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy written by Richard D. Anderson Jr. and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did the wave of democracy that swept the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe starting more than a decade ago develop in ways unexpected by observers who relied on existing theories of democracy? In Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy, four distinguished scholars conduct the first major assessment of democratization theory in light of the experience of postcommunist states. Richard Anderson, Steven Fish, Stephen Hanson, and Philip Roeder not only apply theory to practice, but using a wealth of empirical evidence, draw together the elements of existing theory into new syntheses. The authors each highlight a development in postcommunist societies that reveals an anomaly or lacuna in existing theory. They explain why authoritarian leaders abandon authoritarianism, why democratization sometimes reverses course, how subjects become citizens by beginning to take sides in politics, how rulers become politicians by beginning to seek popular support, and not least, how democracy becomes consolidated. Rather than converging on a single approach, each author shows how either a rationalist, institutionalist, discursive, or Weberian approach sheds light on this transformation. They conclude that the experience of postcommunist democracy demands a rethinking of existing theory. To that end, they offer rich new insights to scholars, advanced students, policymakers, and anyone interested in postcommunist states or in comparative democratization.
Book Synopsis Elections and Democracy after Communism? by : E. Herron
Download or read book Elections and Democracy after Communism? written by E. Herron and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-05-25 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses elections as a vehicle to explain the unanticipated outcomes of post-Soviet politics. It assesses how the behavior of voters, candidates and government officials is influenced by the Soviet legacy and rational calculations of self-interest and is the first to address elections across post-Soviet space.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1508 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2001 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies
Download or read book Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2001 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1298 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (7 download)
Book Synopsis Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2001: Justification of the budget estimates, Broadcasting Board of Governors ... pt. 5. Secretary of Commerce ... pt. 6. Department of Justice by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies
Download or read book Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2001: Justification of the budget estimates, Broadcasting Board of Governors ... pt. 5. Secretary of Commerce ... pt. 6. Department of Justice written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nuclear Energy Safety and International Cooperation by : Spencer Meredith, III
Download or read book Nuclear Energy Safety and International Cooperation written by Spencer Meredith, III and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty-five years after the Chernobyl explosion, disaster struck once again after a tsunami overwhelmed the considerable safety measures at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. However, Fukushima had in place a solid containment structure to reduce the spread of radiation in the event of a worst-case scenario; Chernobyl did not. These two incidents highlight the importance of such safety measures, which were critically lacking in an entire class of Soviet-designed reactors. This book examines why five countries operating these dangerous reactors first signed international agreements to close them within a few years, then instead delayed for almost two decades. It looks at how political decision makers weighed the enormous short-term costs of closing those reactors against the long-term benefits of compliance, and how the political instability that dominated post-Communist transitions impacted their choices. The book questions the efficacy of Western governments’ efforts to convince their Eastern counterparts of the dangers they faced, and establishes a causal relationship between political stability and compliance behavior. This model will also enable more effective assistance policies in similar situations of political change where decision makers face considerable short-term costs to gain greater future rewards. This book provides a valuable resource for postgraduate students, academics and policy makers in the fields of nuclear safety, international agreements, and democratization.
Download or read book Administrative Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1997-01-31 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Elections in Asia and the Pacific by : Dieter Nohlen
Download or read book Elections in Asia and the Pacific written by Dieter Nohlen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work continues the series of election data handbooks published by OUP. It presents a compendium of electoral data for all the 62 states in Asia, Australia and Oceania from their independence to the beginning of the 21st century.
Book Synopsis Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook by : Dieter Nohlen
Download or read book Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook written by Dieter Nohlen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2001-11-15 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume work continues the series of election data handbooks published by OUP. It presents a first-ever compendium of electoral data for all the 62 states in Asia, Australia and Oceania from their independence to the present. Following the overall structure of the series, an initial comparative introduction on elections and electoral systems is followed by chapters on each state in the region. Written by knowledgeable and renowned scholars, the contributions examine the evolution of institutional and electoral arrangements, and provide systematic surveys of the up-to-date electoral provisions and their historical development. Exhaustive statistics on national elections and referendums are given in each chapter. Together with the other books of this series, Elections in Asia and the Pacific is a highly reliable resource for historical and cross-national comparisons of elections and electoral systems world-wide. The first volume of Elections in Asia and the Pacific includes a total of 32 independent states situated in the three 'western' regions of the Asian continent: the countries of the Middle East (including Turkey); the post-Soviet states of Central Asia and the Caucasus; and the countries situated in South Asia (including Afghanistan and Myanmar).
Book Synopsis Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications by :
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monitoring Democracy by : Judith G. Kelley
Download or read book Monitoring Democracy written by Judith G. Kelley and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-25 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, governments and NGOs--in an effort to promote democracy, freedom, fairness, and stability throughout the world--have organized teams of observers to monitor elections in a variety of countries. But when more organizations join the practice without uniform standards, are assessments reliable? When politicians nonetheless cheat and monitors must return to countries even after two decades of engagement, what is accomplished? Monitoring Democracy argues that the practice of international election monitoring is broken, but still worth fixing. By analyzing the evolving interaction between domestic and international politics, Judith Kelley refutes prevailing arguments that international efforts cannot curb government behavior and that democratization is entirely a domestic process. Yet, she also shows that democracy promotion efforts are deficient and that outside actors often have no power and sometimes even do harm. Analyzing original data on over 600 monitoring missions and 1,300 elections, Kelley grounds her investigation in solid historical context as well as studies of long-term developments over several elections in fifteen countries. She pinpoints the weaknesses of international election monitoring and looks at how practitioners and policymakers might help to improve them.
Book Synopsis The Hidden Costs of Clean Election Reform by : Frederic Charles Schaffer
Download or read book The Hidden Costs of Clean Election Reform written by Frederic Charles Schaffer and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schaffer reveals how tinkering with the electoral process, even with the best of intentions, can easily damage democratic ideals.
Book Synopsis Defending Democratic Norms by : Daniela Donno
Download or read book Defending Democratic Norms written by Daniela Donno and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-08-02 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although nearly every country in the world today holds multiparty elections, these contests are often blatantly unfair. For governments, electoral misconduct is a tempting but also a risky practice, because it represents a violation of Although nearly every country in the world today holds multiparty elections, these contests are often blatantly unfair. For governments, electoral misconduct is a tempting but also a risky practice, because it represents a violation of international standards for free and fair elections. In Defending Democratic Norms, Daniela Donno examines how international actors respond to these norm violations. Which governments are punished for manipulating elections? Does international norm enforcement make a difference? Donno shows that although enforcement is selective and relatively rare, when international actors do employ tools of conditionality, diplomacy, mediation and shaming in response to electoral misconduct, they can have transformative effects on both the quality and outcome of elections. Specifically, enforcement works by empowering the domestic opposition and increasing the government's incentives to reform institutions of electoral management and oversight. These effects depend, however, on the presence of a viable opposition movement, as well as on the strength and credibility of the enforcement effort itself. The book shows that regional international organizations possess unique sources of leverage and legitimacy that make them the most consistently effective norm defenders, even compared to more materially powerful actors like the United States. Drawing on an original dataset from almost 700 elections and incorporating case studies from the Dominican Republic, Serbia, Armenia, Kenya and Cambodia, Defending Democratic Norms is a bold new theory of international norm enforcement that demonstrates the importance of active international intervention in domestic politics.
Book Synopsis Armenia’s Velvet Revolution by : Anna Ohanyan
Download or read book Armenia’s Velvet Revolution written by Anna Ohanyan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 2018, Armenia experienced a remarkable popular uprising leading to the resignation of Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan and his replacement by protest leader Nikol Pashinyan. Evoking Czechoslovakia's similarly peaceful overthrow of communism 30 years previously, the uprising came to be known as Armenia's 'Velvet Revolution': a broad-based movement calling for clean government, democracy and economic reform. This volume examines how a popular protest movement, showcasing civil disobedience as a mass strategy for the first time in the post-Soviet space, overcame these unpromising circumstances. Situating the events in Armenia in their national, regional and global contexts, different contributions evaluate the causes driving Armenia's unexpected democratic turn, the reasons for regime vulnerability and the factors mediating a non-violent outcome. Drawing on comparative perspectives with democratic transitions across the world, this book will be essential reading for those interested in the regime dynamics, social movements and contested politics of contemporary Eurasia, as well as policy-makers and practitioners in the fields of democracy assistance and human rights in an increasingly multipolar world.
Book Synopsis Semi-Presidentialism in the Caucasus and Central Asia by : Robert Elgie
Download or read book Semi-Presidentialism in the Caucasus and Central Asia written by Robert Elgie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-14 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection examines the politics of semi-presidential countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia. Semi-presidentialism is the situation where there is both a directly elected fixed-term president and a prime minister and cabinet that are collectively responsible for the legislature. There are four countries with a semi-presidential constitution in this region - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Kyrgyzstan. The authors introduce the concept of semi-presidentialism, place the countries in a general post-Soviet context, and compare them with Kazakhstan. They investigate the relationship between semi-presidentialism in the formal constitution and the verticality of power in reality, explore the extent to which semi-presidentialism has been responsible for the relative performance of democracy in each country, and chart the relationship within the executive both between the president, prime minister and ministers, and between the executive and the legislature.
Book Synopsis The Colour Revolutions in the Former Soviet Republics by : Donnacha Ó Beacháin
Download or read book The Colour Revolutions in the Former Soviet Republics written by Donnacha Ó Beacháin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-07-12 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the origins and effects, successes and failures of "colour revolutions" in the former Soviet Republics - the non-violent protests which succeeded in overthrowing post-communist authoritarian regimes, for example in Georgia in 2003, Ukraine in 2004 and Kyrgyzstan in 2005.
Book Synopsis Democratic Transformation and Obstruction by : Nelli Babayan
Download or read book Democratic Transformation and Obstruction written by Nelli Babayan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although "democracy promotion" has become a popular term for policy makers and scholars, democratization is rarely a smooth or linear transition. While some countries quickly democratize, others lag behind despite a long period of democracy promotion activities. Furthermore, while democracy promotion itself has been widely studied, there is a paucity of literature available assessing the outcome or the impact of democracy promotion. This book investigates democracy promotion by the European Union and the United States of America, and seeks to uncover why intensive democracy promotion has resulted in limited democratic progress. Exploring case studies of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, this book examines the conditions in which democracy promotion is more likely to result in democratic transformation. In addition, it introduces the concept of the "democracy blocker," a powerful authoritarian regional actor that is capable of blocking democratization in other countries. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Political Science, Democracy, Democratization, EU Studies, US Politics, Comparative Politics, and Foreign Policy.
