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Religion And War In Revolutionary Iran
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Book Synopsis Religion and War in Revolutionary Iran by : Saskia Gieling
Download or read book Religion and War in Revolutionary Iran written by Saskia Gieling and published by teNeues. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did Iran's clergy justify their country's devastating eight year war with Iraq? This is a closely argued and extensively documented study of the rationalisation of Iran's war in Islamic theological terms.
Book Synopsis Religion and War in Revolutionary Iran by : Saskia Maria Gieling
Download or read book Religion and War in Revolutionary Iran written by Saskia Maria Gieling and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did Iran's clergy justify their country's devastating eight year war with Iraq? This is a closely argued and extensively documented study of the rationalisation of Iran's war in Islamic theological terms.
Book Synopsis Post-Revolutionary Politics in Iran by : David Menashri
Download or read book Post-Revolutionary Politics in Iran written by David Menashri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the Islamic revolution in Iran, revolutionary leaders had to compromise their ideology. The Iranian ship of state continues to drift in search of an equilibrium between revolutionary convictions and the demands of governance, between religion and state, and Islam and the West.
Download or read book The Other Kurds written by Nelida Fuccaro and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did Iran's clergy justify their country's devastating eight year war with Iraq? This is a closely argued and extensively documented study of the rationalisation of Iran's war in Islamic theological terms.
Book Synopsis Religion, Culture and Politics in Iran by : Joanna de Groot
Download or read book Religion, Culture and Politics in Iran written by Joanna de Groot and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2000-08-01 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new interpretation to the social history of religion in Iran from the 1870s to the 1970s. It aims to situate the 'revolutionary' upheavals of 1977-82 in an extensive narrative context of historical developments over the preceding century, and to relate the 'religious' elements in that history to other social and cultural issues. In the author's analysis, Iran's revolution was complex, and contingent on a range of factors rather than a simple or inevitable outcome of the nature of the Iranian state or the nature of religion in Iran. The focus of the argument is on the human responses of Iranians to their experiences and problems in all their diversity and on the rich variety and complexity of relationships between religion and other aspects of life, thought and culture in the daily life of Iranians.
Book Synopsis Religious Statecraft by : Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar
Download or read book Religious Statecraft written by Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1979 revolution, scholars and policy makers alike have tended to see Iranian political actors as religiously driven—dedicated to overturning the international order in line with a theologically prescribed outlook. This provocative book argues that such views have the link between religious ideology and political order in Iran backwards. Religious Statecraft examines the politics of Islam, rather than political Islam, to achieve a new understanding of Iranian politics and its ideological contradictions. Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar traces half a century of shifting Islamist doctrines against the backdrop of Iran’s factional and international politics, demonstrating that religious narratives in Iran can change rapidly, frequently, and dramatically in accordance with elites’ threat perceptions. He argues that the Islamists’ gambit to capture the state depended on attaining a monopoly over the use of religious narratives. Tabaar explains how competing political actors strategically develop and deploy Shi’a-inspired ideologies to gain credibility, constrain political rivals, and raise mass support. He also challenges readers to rethink conventional wisdom regarding the revolution, Ayatollah Khomeini, the U.S. embassy hostage crisis, the Iran-Iraq War, the Green Movement, nuclear politics, and U.S.–Iran relations. Based on a micro-level analysis of postrevolutionary Iranian media and recently declassified documents as well as theological journals and political memoirs, Religious Statecraft constructs a new picture of Iranian politics in which power drives Islamist ideology.
Book Synopsis The Unfinished History of the Iran-Iraq War by : Annie Tracy Samuel
Download or read book The Unfinished History of the Iran-Iraq War written by Annie Tracy Samuel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), founded after the Iranian revolution in 1979, is one of the most powerful and prominent but least understood organizations in Iran. In this book, Annie Tracy Samuel presents an innovative and compelling history of this organization and, by using the Iran-Iraq War as a focal point, analyzes the links between war and revolution. Tracy Samuel provides an internal view of the IRGC by examining how the Revolutionary Guards have recorded and assessed the history of the war in the massive volume of Persian language publications produced by the organization's top members and units. This not only enhances our comprehension of the IRGC's roles and power in contemporary Iran, but also demonstrates how the history of the Iran-Iraq War has immense bearing on the Islamic Republic's present and future. In doing so, the book reveals how analyzing Iran's history provides the critical tools for understanding its actions today.
Download or read book Days of God written by James Buchan and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A myth-busting insider’s account of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 that destroyed US influence in the country and transformed the politics of the Middle East and the world. The 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran was one of the seminal events of our time. It inaugurated more than thirty years of war in the Middle East and fostered an Islamic radicalism that shapes foreign policy in the United States and Europe to this day. Drawing on his lifetime of engagement with Iran, James Buchan explains the history that gave rise to the Revolution, in which Ayatollah Khomeini and his supporters displaced the Shah with little difficulty. Mystifyingly to outsiders, the people of Iran turned their backs on a successful Westernized government for an amateurish religious regime. Buchan dispels myths about the Iranian Revolution and instead assesses the historical forces to which it responded. He puts the extremism of the Islamic regime in perspective: a truly radical revolution, it can be compared to the French or Russian Revolutions. Using recently declassified diplomatic papers and Persian-language news reports, diaries, memoirs, interviews, and theological tracts, Buchan illuminates both Khomeini and the Shah. His writing is always clear, dispassionate, and informative. The Iranian Revolution was a turning point in modern history, and James Buchan’s Days of God is, as London’s Independent put it, “a compelling, beautifully written history” of that event.
Book Synopsis Revolutionary Iran by : Michael Axworthy
Download or read book Revolutionary Iran written by Michael Axworthy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Revolutionary Iran, Michael Axworthy offers a richly textured and authoritative history of Iran from the 1979 revolution to the present.
Book Synopsis Prayer and Protest by : Marcin Rzepka
Download or read book Prayer and Protest written by Marcin Rzepka and published by . This book was released on 2017-12-31 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iranian Revolution, which treated Islam as the main feature of the newly constructed state identity, redefined the social, cultural, and political scenes by putting the so-called 'religious minorities' in the new order. Minorities such as Christians, Zoroastrians, and Jews obtained both rights (granted by the new Constitution) and limitations. Concerning Christians, the constitutional rights were preserved to the 'ethnic' Christians: Armenians and Assyrians only. The task of the book is to present Protestant communities in the time of revolution as well as the reactions and attitudes of both missionaries and Iranians to the revolutionary events. For many missionaries, the revolution led to the end of their missions, obliterating. There are, at least, two different narratives of the revolution among Iranian Protestants and missionaries that originated in very different perspectives on Iranian history. When studying American or British missionaries, we should ask how did the Protestants perceived the revolutionary events. Did they believe that the new regime would secure their presence in the country? The missionary perception of Islam in general and Iran in particular in the context of the revolution seems to be the starting point for studies of Protestantism in Iran. However, the problem with the Protestant churches and communities is much more complex. The missionary impact is seen in the growing indigenous Iranian churches. Of course, the historical development of Protestantism gave birth to different churches with their own concepts of worship, community, and leadership. Three of them are included in this study: Anglican, Presbyterian, and Pentecostal. This book is divided into three chapters. The first depicts the historical spectrum of the presence and activity of the Protestant churches in Iran with a special emphasis on the 1970s, when expatriate British and American communities in Iran inspired church strategies but also influenced the way in which Iranian authorities perceived the Protestant churches during and after the revolution. The second chapter is focused on the years between 1978 and 1981 and analyses the situation of the churches on two levels: internal and external, with special reference to the Iranian hostage crisis. The end of the chapter brings some considerations on 'traveling' memories of the Christians from the time of the revolution focusing on Bishop Hassan Dehqani-Tafti, who proposed theoretical fundaments for re-thinking the Iranian Christian identity. The concept of 'Persian-speaking Christians' appears on the book's pages many times. The third chapter follows the events after 1981 to describe the appearance of exiled Iranian Protestant communities and mechanisms for the adoption and assimilation of revolutionary ideas among the church members. In a way, it returns to the problem of geography underlining the dynamics of spread the Christian message through the Internet and satellite television, making Iranian Christianity really a global phenomenon.
Book Synopsis Martyrdom, Mysticism and Dissent by : Asghar Seyed-Gohrab
Download or read book Martyrdom, Mysticism and Dissent written by Asghar Seyed-Gohrab and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-08-23 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first extensive research on the role of poetry during the Iranian Revolution (1979) and the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988). How can poetry, especially peaceful medieval Sufi poems, be applied to exalt violence, to present death as martyrdom, and to process war traumas? Examining poetry by both Islamic revolutionary and established dissident poets, it demonstrates how poetry spurs people to action, even leading them to sacrifice their lives. The book's originality lies in fresh analyses of how themes such as martyrdom and violence, and mystical themes such as love and wine, are integrated in a vehemently political context, while showing how Shiite ritual such as the pilgrimage to Mecca clash with Saudi Wahhabi appreciations. A distinguishing quality of the book is its examination of how martyrdom was instilled in the minds of Iranians through poetry, employing Sufi themes, motifs and doctrines to justify death. Such inculcation proved effective in mobilising people to the front, ready to sacrifice their lives. As such, the book is a must for readers interested in Iranian culture and history, in Sufi poetry, in martyrdom and war poetry. Those involved with Middle Eastern Studies, Iranian Studies, Literary Studies, Political Philosophy and Religious Studies will benefit from this book. "From his own memories and expert research, the author gives us a ravishing account of 'a poetry stained with blood, violence and death'. His brilliantly layered analysis of modern Persian poetry shows how it integrates political and religious ideology and motivational propaganda with age-old mystical themes for the most traumatic of times for Iran." (Alan Williams, Research Professor of Iranian Studies, University of Manchester) "When Asghar Seyed Gohrab, a highly prolific academician, publishes a new book, you can be certain he has paid attention to an exciting and largely unexplored subject. Martyrdom, Mysticism and Dissent: The Poetry of the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) is no exception in the sense that he combines a few different cultural, religious, mystic, and political aspects of Iranian life to present a vivid picture and thorough analysis of the development and effect of what became known as the revolutionary poetry of the late 1970s and early 1980s. This time, he has even enriched his narrative by inserting his voice into his analysis. It is a thoughtful book and a fantastic read." (Professor Kamran Talattof, University of Arizona)
Book Synopsis Ali Shariati and the Future of Social Theory by : Dustin J. Byrd
Download or read book Ali Shariati and the Future of Social Theory written by Dustin J. Byrd and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-08-28 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ali Shariati and the Future of Social Theory: Religion, Revolution and the Role of the Intellectual, Dustin J. Byrd and Seyed Javad Miri bring together a collections of essays by a variety of scholars who explore the lasting influence of the Iranian sociologist and revolutionary, Ali Shariati. Thought to be the most important intellectual behind the Iranian Revolution of 1979, these essays engage in a future-oriented remembrance of Shariati’s life and praxis, with the practical attempt to clarify, expand, and apply his liberational Islamic thought to modern conditions. Making use of Shariati’s writings on Shi’a Islam and western philosophy, this text is especially important for those who want to understand the role that intellectuals, both religious and secular, can have in the liberation of mankind. Contributors are: Mahdi Ahouie, Bader Mousa al-Saif, Sophia Rose Arjana, M. Kürad Atalar, Dustin J. Byrd, Eric Goodfield, Teo Lee Ken, Georg Leube, Seyed Javad Miri, Carimo Mohomed, Chandra Muzaffar, Khosrow Bagheri Noaparast, Fatemeh Shayan, and Esmaeil Zeiny.
Book Synopsis Myth and Mobilization in Revolutionary Iran by : Haggay Ram
Download or read book Myth and Mobilization in Revolutionary Iran written by Haggay Ram and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1994 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on an in-depth analysis of the Friday congregational sermon in Iran during a period of religious and political tumult, this volume examines the ideology of the Islamic Revolution. The author isolates and discusses certain critical themes in the ideology of the Revolution and how they are expressed in the sermons. Ram also analyzes the exposition of these themes through Shi'i Islamic myths, a method meant to facilitate the mass mobilization of the populace in the Revolution. He also examines the historical, political, and sociological implications of the sermons.
Book Synopsis Vanguard of the Imam by : Afshon Ostovar
Download or read book Vanguard of the Imam written by Afshon Ostovar and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran's Revolutionary Guards are one of the most important forces in the Middle East today, but remain poorly understood to outside observers. In Vanguard of the Imam, Afshon Ostovar has written the first comprehensive history of the organization. Situating the rise of the Guards in the contexts of Shiite Islam, Iranian history, and international affairs, Ostovar takes a multifaceted approach in demystifying the organization and detailing its evolution since 1979. The book documents the Guards transformation into a power-player and explores why the group matters now more than ever to regional and global affairs. It is simultaneously a history of modern Iran, and an engrossing entryway into the complex world of war, politics, and identity in the Middle East.
Download or read book Black Wave written by Kim Ghattas and published by Henry Holt and Company. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times Notable Book of 2020 “[A] sweeping and authoritative history" (The New York Times Book Review), Black Wave is an unprecedented and ambitious examination of how the modern Middle East unraveled and why it started with the pivotal year of 1979. Kim Ghattas seamlessly weaves together history, geopolitics, and culture to deliver a gripping read of the largely unexplored story of the rivalry between between Saudi Arabia and Iran, born from the sparks of the 1979 Iranian revolution and fueled by American policy. With vivid story-telling, extensive historical research and on-the-ground reporting, Ghattas dispels accepted truths about a region she calls home. She explores how Sunni Saudi Arabia and Shia Iran, once allies and twin pillars of US strategy in the region, became mortal enemies after 1979. She shows how they used and distorted religion in a competition that went well beyond geopolitics. Feeding intolerance, suppressing cultural expression, and encouraging sectarian violence from Egypt to Pakistan, the war for cultural supremacy led to Iran’s fatwa against author Salman Rushdie, the assassination of countless intellectuals, the birth of groups like Hezbollah in Lebanon, the September 11th terrorist attacks, and the rise of ISIS. Ghattas introduces us to a riveting cast of characters whose lives were upended by the geopolitical drama over four decades: from the Pakistani television anchor who defied her country’s dictator, to the Egyptian novelist thrown in jail for indecent writings all the way to the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul in 2018. Black Wave is both an intimate and sweeping history of the region and will significantly alter perceptions of the Middle East.
Book Synopsis From Miniskirt to Hijab by : Jacqueline Saper
Download or read book From Miniskirt to Hijab written by Jacqueline Saper and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jacqueline Saper, named after Jacqueline Kennedy, was born in Tehran to Iranian and British parents. At eighteen she witnessed the civil unrest of the 1979 Iranian revolution and continued to live in the Islamic Republic during its most volatile times, including the Iran-Iraq War. In a deeply intimate and personal story, Saper recounts her privileged childhood in prerevolutionary Iran and how she gradually became aware of the paradoxes in her life and community--primarily the disparate religions and cultures. In 1979 under the Ayatollah regime, Iran became increasingly unfamiliar and hostile to Saper. Seemingly overnight she went from living a carefree life of wearing miniskirts and attending high school to listening to fanatic diatribes, forced to wear the hijab, and hiding in the basement as Iraqi bombs fell over the city. She eventually fled to the United States in 1987 with her husband and children after, in part, witnessing her six-year-old daughter's indoctrination into radical Islamic politics at school. At the heart of Saper's story is a harrowing and instructive tale of how extremist ideologies seized a Westernized, affluent country and transformed it into a fundamentalist Islamic society.
Book Synopsis The Iranian Revolution by : Charles River Editors
Download or read book The Iranian Revolution written by Charles River Editors and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-07-28 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Profiles Ayatollah Khomeini and his ideology and leadership before, during, and after the Revolution *Highlights the causes, key events, and effects of the Revolution *Includes footnotes and a bibliography for further reading The Iranian Revolution of 1979 has been described as an epochal event, called the peak of 20th century Islamic revivalism and revitalization, and analyzed as the one key incident that continues to impact politics across Iran, the Middle East, and the even the world as a whole. As a phenomenon that led to the creation of the first modern Islamic Republic in the world, the revolution marked the victory of Islam over secular politics, and Iran quickly became the aspiring model for Islamic fundamentalists and revivalists across the globe, regardless of nationality, culture, or religious sect. When Ayatollah Khomeini was declared ruler in December 1979 and the judicial system originally modeled on that of the West was swiftly replaced by one purely based on Islamic law, much of the world was in shock that such a religiously driven revolution could succeed so quickly, especially when it had such sweeping consequences beyond the realm of religion. Revolutions are nothing new, but most revolutions, especially those in the West, have tended to remain secular. Even when religious ideology and themes were present, as in the English Civil War of the 1640s, these were not dominant driving forces behind the revolution, nor were they a significant factor in its immediate results. Even outside the West, this has mostly proven to be true; the nationalist revolution and war for independence in Turkey, led by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, was a battle for separation of church and state that called for democratic principles of equality, and the result was the formation of a modern and secular Turkey. However, the revolution that swept across Iran proved to be starkly different from past revolutions of the world. Its most influential leaders came from the orthodox clergy, and its most pronounced important goals were the ouster of the monarch, who was deemed anti-Islam and blasphemous, and the complete return of Iranian government and society to fundamental Islamic principles. As one of the leading scholars on Iran, Nikki R. Keddie, wrote, this revolution was "aberrant," refusing to fit into the theoretical and academic ideas of what modern revolutions should be like. Yet, there is no doubt that the Iranian Revolution ultimately led to a complete overhaul and restructuring of the age-old political, economic, social, religious, and ideological orders in Iran. Former Iranian Finance Minister Jahangir Amuzegar put it aptly, "The historical oddity, if not uniqueness, of the Iranian revolution can be seen in its four salient features: its unforeseen rapid rise; its wide base of urban support; its vague ideological character; and, above all, its ultimate singular objective, to oust the Shah." Furthermore, while the focus of the revolution was primarily about Islam, the revolution was also colored by disdain for the West, distaste for autocracy, and a yearning for religious and cultural identity. Though these are features of many other revolutions, the Iranian one was particularly unprecedented in the suddenness and rapidity of its occurrence, as well as the sheer amount of mass popular support it gained. Much of the world, including the U.S. and its Western allies, were initially caught off guard by the sudden occurrence and unanticipated strength of the revolution. The Islamic Revolution That Reshaped the Middle East explores the events leading up to the Iranian Revolution, as well as the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of Iran before 1979. It also looks at the revolution and the lasting influence it has had both domestically and globally.
