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Relationships Between Exposure To Violence Cognitive Triad And Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Urban Adolescents
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Book Synopsis Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Cognitive Triad and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Urban Adolescents by : Nicole E. Anderson
Download or read book Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Cognitive Triad and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Urban Adolescents written by Nicole E. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress and Protective Factors in Urban Youth by : Denise M. Tobianski
Download or read book Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress and Protective Factors in Urban Youth written by Denise M. Tobianski and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Post-traumatic Stress Or Aggression by : Harrison D. Angoff
Download or read book Post-traumatic Stress Or Aggression written by Harrison D. Angoff and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research links community violence exposure (CVE) with both post-traumatic stress (PTS) and aggression in youth from urban environments. Less research has examined the impact CVE has on emerging adults from urban communities, who - according to national statistics - face the highest levels of violence compared to other demographic groups. Emerging adulthood is a period of increased autonomy and responsibility. Understanding individual characteristics that may discriminate among emerging adults who develop PTS from those who develop aggression - mental health concerns that can impede emerging adults' successful transition to adulthood - is an important area of research. Social-cognitive and emotion-related constructs have been implicated as mediators of the link between CVE and the development of aggression throughout adolescence. Once stable, such processes may serve to moderate the link between CVE and its behavioral and mental health outcomes in emerging adults. In the current study, I explored whether normative beliefs about violence and emotional sensitivity to violence moderate the relation between CVE and 1) aggression; and 2) post-traumatic stress symptoms among a sample of emerging adults from an urban community. Results showed positive relations of CVE with both PTS and aggression; a positive relation of normative beliefs with aggression; and a positive relation of emotional sensitivity with PTS. Emotional sensitivity also moderated the relation between CVE and PTS such that the positive link between CVE and PTS was stronger at higher levels of emotional sensitivity. Findings shed light on the importance of examining emerging adult CVE and of considering one's normative beliefs about violence and sensitivity to violence in the presence of aggression and PTS.
Book Synopsis Post Traumatic Stress Disorder by : Patrick Smith
Download or read book Post Traumatic Stress Disorder written by Patrick Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post traumatic stress disorder develops after exposure to one or more terrifying events that have caused, or threatened to cause the sufferer grave physical harm. This book discusses how trauma-focused cognitive therapy can be used to help children and adolescents who suffer from post traumatic stress disorder. Cognitive therapy is frequently used to treat adults who suffer from PTSD with proven results. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder provides the therapist with instructions on how CT models can be used with children and young people to combat the disorder. Based on research carried out by the authors, this book covers: assessment procedures and measures formulation and treatment planning trauma focused cognitive therapy methods common hurdles. The authors provide case studies and practical tips, as well as examples of self-report measures and handouts for young people and their parents which will help the practitioner to prepare for working with this difficult client group. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is an accessible, practical, clinically relevant guide for professionals and trainees in child and adolescent mental health service teams who work with traumatized children and young people.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers by : Sherry Muterspaugh Walling
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers written by Sherry Muterspaugh Walling and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence continues to plague urban communities. The impact of community violence has been widely researched in children and adolescents; however, adult members of urban communities have been largely overlooked. The current study investigated the community violence exposure of 284 urban community development workers across five U.S. cities. Exposure to community violence, history of adverse childhood experiences, and current level of posttraumatic distress were assessed in order to test the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences moderate the relationship between community violence exposure and posttraumatic distress. The findings indicate that urban workers are exposed to high levels of community violence with 74.9% reporting direct victimization and 99% reporting indirect violence exposure. In addition, 99% of participants reported exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and 14% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A multiple regression analysis confirmed that adverse childhood experiences and community violence exposure were significantly positively related to PTSD. However, the significant interaction between the two predictors was suppressing rather than enhancing, indicating the salience of ACEs over and above community violence in predicting increased PTSD symptoms when both variables are present. Implications for urban work agencies are discussed.
Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology Among Diverse, Urban Adolescents by : Jannette Alejandra Urciuoli
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology Among Diverse, Urban Adolescents written by Jannette Alejandra Urciuoli and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relationships Between Exposure to Community Violence and the Development of Psychopathology in Treatment-Seeking Adolescents in a Trauma Clinic in the Western Cape by : Wendy Thabisile Ngidi
Download or read book The Relationships Between Exposure to Community Violence and the Development of Psychopathology in Treatment-Seeking Adolescents in a Trauma Clinic in the Western Cape written by Wendy Thabisile Ngidi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between community violence exposure and the development of psychopathology and examine the relationship between community violence exposure and other types of trauma, that is, childhood trauma and stressful life events. It was hypothesised that exposure to community violence will have a high correlation with development of psychological disorders such as mood and anxiety and psychotic disorders. The main study employed a quantitative research design in order to determine the relationship between PTSD in children and adolescents. The current study used secondary data to measure the correlation between exposure to community violence and the development of psychopathology. The data for this study was collected from 132 consecutive referrals between the ages of 13 to 19 (mean age = 15.4, SD = 1.6) from a youth stress clinic at a university in the Western Cape. Findings indicated that community violence prevalence was higher than previous South African studies but lower compared to American studies. There was generally a high prevalence of PTSD and major depressive disorder (MDD) in this sample compared to previous South African studies. An unexpected outcome was that even though there was a high prevalence of PTSD, there was no relationship between community violence exposure and PTSD in this sample, rather, community violence exposure was related to MDD. Furthermore, MDD and not PTSD was related to experiences of childhood trauma. Stressful life events were related to acute stress disorder (ASD).
Book Synopsis The Role of Social Skills in Protecting Against the Impact of Family and Community Violence on Youth Psychopathology by : Emily Christine Hockenberry
Download or read book The Role of Social Skills in Protecting Against the Impact of Family and Community Violence on Youth Psychopathology written by Emily Christine Hockenberry and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children and adolescents are exposed to family and community violence at high rates, and poly victimization is common. Further study is needed to assess the unique and additive effects of witnessing or directly experiencing violence in multiple contexts on psychopathology in urban youth of color. Additionally, analyzing the role of protective factors, such as social skills, in moderating the relation between violence exposure and psychopathology may aid in identifying unique and shared pathways by which different forms of interpersonal violence may impact mental health outcomes. This study sought to examine whether social skills (cooperation and assertion) moderated the relation between exposure to family and community violence and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a sample of 116 youth (ages 5-17) and their caregivers. A community sample was recruited for a study evaluating the effectiveness of a trauma-specific cognitive behavioral therapy for family violence for Black and Latino families. Participants completed self-report and parent-report questionnaires assessing demographic information, history of violence exposure, social skills, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that social skills moderated the effects of violence exposure on psychopathology such that youth with a history of exposure to community violence and high assertion were more likely to endorse higher levels of externalizing symptoms compared with community violence-exposed youth with moderate or low assertion scores or youth with no history of community violence. Additionally, a significant positive association between family violence exposure and internalizing symptoms was found. The implications of the unique and additive effects of family and community exposure on psychopathology in youth, as well as the role of social skills as a protective factor, are discussed.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Trauma on Externalizing Disorders and Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior by : Dylan Andrew Levy Stewart
Download or read book The Impact of Trauma on Externalizing Disorders and Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior written by Dylan Andrew Levy Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This continuation of a longitudinal study by Wilson and colleagues (2014), examined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms as a mediating mechanism linking childhood violence exposure (CVE) and externalizing disorder symptoms to sexual risk behaviors (SRB) in a sample of 177 African American girls recruited from mental health clinics serving low-income communities in Chicago. The sample population completed a 2-year longitudinal study of HIV-risk behavior, which included five waves of data collection (ages 12-16 at baseline), as well as a sixth wave (ages 14-22), which assessed for lifetime trauma and victimization history. Bivariate analysis highlighted that the endorsement of PTSD symptoms was found to be correlated with childhood violence exposure, externalizing disorders, and sexual risk behaviors. However, a multivariate path analysis revealed that PTSD symptoms were not supported as a mediator of the relationship between CVE, externalizing disorders, and SRB as initially hypothesized. The resulting psychopathology associated with CVE may help to further understand and explain its relationship to SRB for African American girls in low-income, urban neighborhoods. Future research and interventions addressing the overlap between externalizing disorder symptoms and PTSD symptoms, specifically their comorbidity and similar presentation, may be an effective approach to reducing sexual risk behaviors for this at-risk population.
Book Synopsis Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence by : Patricia Russo
Download or read book Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence written by Patricia Russo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to trauma, including chronic community violence, during adolescence appears to impact youth's development and adaptive functioning in several domains. Community violence exposure is associated with both internalizing and externalizing difficulties as well attentional impairment, declines in academic achievement, impairment in typical development, and increased substance use. Consequently, treatment implications for adolescents exposed to community violence is a heightened area of concern and a topic that needs to be further investigated. This review begins by summarizing the risk and protective factors that may influence the impact of community violence exposure. The overall aim is to conduct a systematic review of evidence-based programs that have been implemented in the community to determine what specific aspects of these programs have shown to be effective, or ineffective, in treating externalizing and internalizing behaviors exhibited by adolescents exposed to community violence. This literature review closely examined eight articles (six programs) that assessed the impact of trauma, particularly community violence, on psychological well-being. Only articles that and females between the ages of 10 and 17 were reviewed. In addition, the article had to include at least one of the core characteristics of violence exposure: direct victimization or witnessing violence in the community as a risk factor for adolescent well-being. The programs were examined through study sample and design, type of intervention, and key findings on the effects of treatment on mental health symptoms following experience of community violence. All programs found significant improvements in symptoms related to posttraumatic stress, as each program was aimed at treating adolescents who have experienced a form of trauma. However, the specific types of posttraumatic stress symptoms that improved varied by programs. Programs that resulted in significant decreases in depression appeared to place a large emphasis on the cognitive and affect regulation components of therapy. Decreases in anxiety was associated with programs that placed a greater emphasis on implementing multiple ecological levels of intervention, including parent-child attunement and attachment. Results of the present review indicate that taking on a comprehensive and multi-tiered approach to reducing risk factors and enhancing protective factors appears, notably by targeting interventions to focus on the individual and family levels, helps address the generational impact of community violence.
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Exposure to Violence and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and the Impact of Social Support as a Potential Moderating Variable by : Jennifer H. Grover
Download or read book The Relationship Between Exposure to Violence and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and the Impact of Social Support as a Potential Moderating Variable written by Jennifer H. Grover and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Students’ Perceptions of School Cohesion and PTSD Symptoms in Salvadorian Youth by : Jenny Reyes Siaw
Download or read book Students’ Perceptions of School Cohesion and PTSD Symptoms in Salvadorian Youth written by Jenny Reyes Siaw and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to community violence (CV) whether direct, indirect, or vicarious—can lead to adverse psychological problems such as posttraumatic stress symptoms in youth. El Salvador has been considered one of the most violent countries in Latin America (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015) and as such, Salvadorian adolescents are at a higher risk of CV exposure. As youth spend a large amount of time in school, students’ perception of school cohesion may have an impact on their mental health. In this study, I tested the relationships between perception of school cohesion, the three types of CV lifetime exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in a sample of 813 Salvadorian adolescents. Results from a parallel mediation analysis with bootstrapping indicated that, after controlling for gender, age, and school type, school cohesion was significantly and negatively related to PTSD and all three levels of violence exposure. However, direct exposure was the only significant mediator between school cohesion and PTSD symptoms. Findings from this study suggested that high levels of perceived school cohesion could buffer the relationship between lifetime exposure to direct CV and adolescent endorsement of PTSD symptoms.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Claudine C. Hyatt
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Claudine C. Hyatt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relationships Between Childhood Exposure to Violence, Posttraumatic Stress, Resilience, and Alcohol Misuse in Mi'kmaq Adolescents by : Marc Zahradnik
Download or read book Relationships Between Childhood Exposure to Violence, Posttraumatic Stress, Resilience, and Alcohol Misuse in Mi'kmaq Adolescents written by Marc Zahradnik and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Witnessing Violence and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder on Urban Adolescents' Standardized Test Performance by : Carolyn Yvette Baldwin
Download or read book The Effects of Witnessing Violence and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder on Urban Adolescents' Standardized Test Performance written by Carolyn Yvette Baldwin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of a Family History of Alcohol Or Drug Abuse on PTSD Outcomes Following Community Violence Exposure by : Kathryn Reid-Quiñones
Download or read book The Role of a Family History of Alcohol Or Drug Abuse on PTSD Outcomes Following Community Violence Exposure written by Kathryn Reid-Quiñones and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research consistently has revealed the damaging consequences of children's repeated exposure to community violence and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the most commonly cited internalizing disorder associated with such exposure. However, not all children who are exposed to community violence develop PTSD symptoms; thus, it is important to identify factors that contribute to this deleterious relationship. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation of community violence exposure (CVE)and PTSD in a sample of urban adolescents. Additionally, the study assessed whether a maternal history of alcohol or drug abuse would exacerbate the association of CVE and PTSD symptoms in youth. Furthermore, deficient parenting and poorer psychological functioning of the substance-abusing mother was examined as a possible explanation of the relation of maternal substance abuse to community violence exposure and PTSD. Participants included 309 biological mothers and their 5th or 8th grade children (N = 309 dyads) who were recruited from high-violence neighborhoods in Richmond, Virginia. Youth and their maternal caregivers completed separate home interviews. Results revealed that greater violence exposure (witnessing violence and direct victimization)was associated with higher levels of PTSD symptoms in youth. Additionally, maternal alcohol abuse history exacerbated the relation between witnessed violence and PTSD symptoms. At low levels of witnessed violence, mother's alcohol use type did not influence PTSD symptoms; however, as levels of witnessed violence increase, youth whose mothers were classified as having a positive alcohol abuse history were more likely to report higher levels of PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, parental knowledge was an independent predictor of PTSD symptoms in each of the models. Lower levels of parental knowledge were associated with higher levels of youth-reported PTSD symptoms. Overall, the study findings support the need to examine moderating and mediating factors of the relation between CVE and PTSD among youth.
Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence and the Reporting of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Adolescents by : Amy McAdams
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence and the Reporting of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Adolescents written by Amy McAdams and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
