Regional Economic Outlook October 2021 Middle East And Central Asia Trade Offs Today For Transformation Tomorrow

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Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Middle East and Central Asia: Trade-Offs Today for Transformation Tomorrow

Author : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513592777
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Middle East and Central Asia: Trade-Offs Today for Transformation Tomorrow by : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Middle East and Central Asia: Trade-Offs Today for Transformation Tomorrow written by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fragile recovery continues in the Middle East and Central Asia region. The region has made good progress since the beginning of the year, but new challenges have emerged. They include a pandemic wave in countries with weak vaccination progress and rising inflation, which has contributed to declining monetary policy space, adding to the difficulties posed by limited fiscal policy space. Additionally, divergent recoveries and concerns about economic scarring persist. Inequities are also on the rise, and countries will need to tackle the pandemic’s impact on debt, labor markets, and the corporate sector. Countries will face difficult tradeoffs amid this challenging environment as they continue to manage the current crisis. Ramping up vaccine acquisition and distribution remains the most urgent short-term priority. Additional support should be well targeted, and central banks may need to raise interest rates if inflation expectations start to increase. Improving policy frameworks will be important to reduce policy tradeoffs. Preparing for a new chapter by investing in a transformational recovery will be vital to the region’s future. Important priorities include reorienting the role of the state toward health, education, and social safety nets; leveraging global trends like digitalization; and investing in climate-resilient technology.

Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Middle East and Central Asia: Trade-Offs Today for Transformation Tomorrow

Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513593307
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Middle East and Central Asia: Trade-Offs Today for Transformation Tomorrow by : International Monetary

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Middle East and Central Asia: Trade-Offs Today for Transformation Tomorrow written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fragile recovery continues in the Middle East and Central Asia region. The region has made good progress since the beginning of the year, but new challenges have emerged. They include a pandemic wave in countries with weak vaccination progress and rising inflation, which has contributed to declining monetary policy space, adding to the difficulties posed by limited fiscal policy space. Additionally, divergent recoveries and concerns about economic scarring persist. Inequities are also on the rise, and countries will need to tackle the pandemic’s impact on debt, labor markets, and the corporate sector. Countries will face difficult tradeoffs amid this challenging environment as they continue to manage the current crisis. Ramping up vaccine acquisition and distribution remains the most urgent short-term priority. Additional support should be well targeted, and central banks may need to raise interest rates if inflation expectations start to increase. Improving policy frameworks will be important to reduce policy tradeoffs. Preparing for a new chapter by investing in a transformational recovery will be vital to the region’s future. Important priorities include reorienting the role of the state toward health, education, and social safety nets; leveraging global trends like digitalization; and investing in climate-resilient technology.

Regional Economic Outlook, April 2021, Middle East and Central Asia

Author : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513576151
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, April 2021, Middle East and Central Asia by : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, April 2021, Middle East and Central Asia written by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-04-11 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A year into the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the race between vaccine and virus entered a new phase in the Middle East and Central Asia, and the path to recovery in 2021 is expected to be long and divergent. The outlook will vary significantly across countries, depending on the pandemic’s path, vaccine rollouts, underlying fragilities, exposure to tourism and contact-intensive sectors, and policy space and actions. 2021 will be the year of policies that continue saving lives and livelihoods and promote recovery, while balancing the need for debt sustainability and financial resilience. At the same time, policymakers must not lose sight of the transformational challenges to build forward better and accelerate the creation of more inclusive, resilient, sustainable, and green economies. Regional and international cooperation will be key complements to strong domestic policies.

Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia

Author : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-10-31 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a worsening global environment, economies in the Middle East and Central Asia are being buffeted by a confluence of shocks: a global slowdown, high and volatile food and energy prices, faster and stronger than expected tightening of financial conditions, and the risk of fragmentation. The region’s emerging market and middle-income economies (EM&MIs) and low-income countries (LICs) are hit hard, with many facing curtailed access to market financing, while oil-exporting countries are being buffered by still-high energy prices. The adverse impact of Russia’s war in Ukraine on the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) has thus far been milder than expected. Still, the CCA’s strong ties to Russia entail substantial risks to the region’s outlook. The most urgent policy challenge for all countries is to tackle the cost-of-living crisis by restoring price stability, protecting vulnerable groups through targeted support, and ensuring food security. Policy trade-offs in EM&MIs and LICs have become more pronounced than ever, as they also need to preserve debt sustainability and financial stability. Oil exporters have the opportunity to maximize the benefits of the oil windfall by building buffers and advancing their diversification plans. CCA countries should carefully assess the magnitude and durability of the initial spillovers from the war in Ukraine and adjust their policy mix accordingly. Limited policy space in many countries raises the urgency of structural reforms to bolster economic growth while transforming economies to become more resilient, sustainable, diversified, and inclusive.

Regional Economic Outlook, Middle East and Central Asia, October 2023

Author : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, Middle East and Central Asia, October 2023 by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, Middle East and Central Asia, October 2023 written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-10-12 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the Middle East and Central Asia, the combined effects of global headwinds, domestic challenges, and geopolitical risks weigh on economic momentum, and the outlook is highly uncertain. Growth is set to slow this year in the Middle East and North Africa region, driven by lower oil production, tight policy settings in emerging market and middle-income economies, the conflict in Sudan, and other country-specific factors. In the Caucasus and Central Asia, although migration, trade, and financial inflows following Russia’s war in Ukraine continue to support economic activity, growth is set to moderate slightly this year. Looking ahead, economic activity in the Middle East and North Africa region is expected to improve in 2024 and 2025 as some factors weighing on growth this year gradually dissipate, including the temporary oil production cuts. But growth is expected to remain subdued over the forecast horizon amid persistent structural hurdles. In the Caucasus and Central Asia, economic growth is projected to slow next year and over the medium term as the boost to activity from real and financial inflows from Russia gradually fades and deep-seated structural challenges remain unsolved. Inflation is broadly easing, in line with globally declining price pressures, although country-specific factors—including buoyant wage growth in some Caucasus and Central Asia countries—and climate-related events continue to make their mark. Despite some improvement since April, the balance of risks to the outlook remains on the downside. In this context, expediting structural reforms is crucial to boost growth and strengthen resilience, while tight monetary and fiscal policies remain essential in several economies to durably bring down inflation and ensure public debt sustainability.

Regional Economic Outlook, April 2021, Middle East and Central Asia

Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 151357616X
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, April 2021, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, April 2021, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-04-11 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A year into the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the race between vaccine and virus entered a new phase in the Middle East and Central Asia, and the path to recovery in 2021 is expected to be long and divergent. The outlook will vary significantly across countries, depending on the pandemic’s path, vaccine rollouts, underlying fragilities, exposure to tourism and contact-intensive sectors, and policy space and actions. 2021 will be the year of policies that continue saving lives and livelihoods and promote recovery, while balancing the need for debt sustainability and financial resilience. At the same time, policymakers must not lose sight of the transformational challenges to build forward better and accelerate the creation of more inclusive, resilient, sustainable, and green economies. Regional and international cooperation will be key complements to strong domestic policies.

Regional Economic Outlook Update: Middle East and Central Asia, January 2024

Author : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook Update: Middle East and Central Asia, January 2024 by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook Update: Middle East and Central Asia, January 2024 written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-01-31 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conflict in Gaza and Israel is yet another shock to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It is causing immense human suffering and exacerbating an already challenging environment for neighboring economies and beyond. This Update covers economies in the MENA region and does not discuss developments in Israel. It discusses the updated outlook for the region, risks, and policy recommendations.

Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia, May 2023

Author : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia, May 2023 by : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia, May 2023 written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-05-03 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economies of the Middle East and Central Asia proved resilient in 2022, despite a series of global shocks. However, this year—and potentially next—growth is expected to slow in the Middle East and North Africa as tight policies to fight inflation, reduce vulnerabilities, and rebuild buffers start to dent economic activity in many countries, and agreed oil production cuts curb growth in oil exporters. Inflation is projected to remain persistent. The outlook for Caucasus and Central Asia countries depends heavily on external factors, namely the impact of monetary tightening, and growth in their main trading partners, the pace of private transfers, and inflows of migrants from Russia. Uncertainty is high, and risks to the baseline are tilted to the downside amid financial stability concerns, particularly in advanced economies amid contagion fears. Policy trade-offs are even more complex, and policymakers will need to calibrate the policy mix carefully to reduce core inflation without triggering financial stress and excessive tightening and continue to provide targeted fiscal support to vulnerable groups while preserving debt sustainability and financial stability. Tight monetary and fiscal policies across the region amid tight global financial conditions call for accelerating structural reforms to bolster potential growth and enhance resilience.

Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia

Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia by : International Monetary

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, April 2022, Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The war in Ukraine and sanctions on Russia are exacerbating the divergence in recovery prospects for the Middle East and Central Asia (ME&CA). Despite better-than-expected upside momentum in 2021, the economic environment in 2022 is defined by extraordinary headwinds and uncertainties, particularly for commodity importers, with higher and more volatile commodity prices, rising inflationary pressures, faster-than-expected monetary policy normalization in advanced economies, and a lingering pandemic. Prospects for oil exporters in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have improved, while countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) region face a particularly challenging outlook given their linkages to Russia and Ukraine. Downside risks dominate the outlook and include a prolonged war and further sanctions on Russia, tighter-than-expected global financial conditions, possible deanchoring of inflation expectations, a sharper slowdown in China, and new pandemic outbreaks. Policymaking has become increasingly complex, with dwindling macro policy space to deal with these extraordinary shocks, amid high debt and inflation. Given divergent outlooks, policies will need to be calibrated carefully to country circumstances to manage uncertainties, maintain macroeconomic stability, and support the recovery while protecting the most vulnerable and ensuring food and energy security. Structural reforms have become even more urgent to prevent scarring from the pandemic and the war, and ensure a private sector-led and inclusive recovery, including by embracing digitalization and investing in a greener future.

Regional Economic Outlook

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook by :

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These reports discuss recent economic developments and prospects for countries in various regions. They also address economic policy developments that have affected economic performance in the regions and discuss key challenges faced by policymakers. The reports include data for countries in the regions.

The Gulf Cooperation Council at Forty

Author : Tarik M. Yousef
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815739540
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gulf Cooperation Council at Forty by : Tarik M. Yousef

Download or read book The Gulf Cooperation Council at Forty written by Tarik M. Yousef and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessing the six GCC countries as they face an uncertain future All of the GCC countries—Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates—are undergoing historic socio-economic transitions. They are facing enormous strains on public finances and challenging economic outlooks, due to fluctuating oil prices, demographic pressures, high unemployment rates, and a lack of economic diversification. These countries also are likely to feel the rising impact of climate change, and global policies to deal with it, over the coming decades. In addition, seemingly unstoppable shifts in the long-standing international order, notably the rise of China and uncertainties about U.S. leadership, have potentially serious implications for the Middle East and beyond. This policy-oriented book of essays by noted scholars and experts considers the key trends shaping Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, ranging from the COVID-19 pandemic, to climate change, economic disruptions, demographics and other domestic concerns, and shifts in the global order. The book’s chapters address such questions as: How will global megatrends impact the GCC? How can GCC states adjust and diversify their economies to meet the dual challenges of fluctuating oil prices and climate change? How can these states adjust their labor markets to absorb and support women and youth? How will inter GCC disagreements impact the region moving forward? And how will GCC relations with international actors shift in the coming years? This timely book, with its comprehensive analyses and policy recommendations, will be of interest to a wide range of readers interested in the GCC region, including policymakers, academics, and researchers at think tanks and nongovernmental organizations.

Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Asia and Pacific

Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513593781
Total Pages : 1 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Asia and Pacific by : International Monetary

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Asia and Pacific written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fall 2021 Regional Economic Outlook: Asia and Pacific--Navigating Waves of New Variants: Pandemic Resurgence Slows the Recovery

Central Bank Digital Currencies in the Middle East and Central Asia

Author : Serpil Bouza
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Central Bank Digital Currencies in the Middle East and Central Asia by : Serpil Bouza

Download or read book Central Bank Digital Currencies in the Middle East and Central Asia written by Serpil Bouza and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-04-26 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against the backdrop of a rapidly digitalizing world, there is a growing interest in central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) among central banks, including in the Middle East and Central Asia (ME&CA) region. This paper aims to support ME&CA policymakers in examining key questions when considering the adoption of a CBDC while underscoring the importance of country-specific analyses. This paper does not provide recommendations on CBDC issuance. Instead, it frames the discussion around the following key questions: What is a CBDC? What objectives do policymakers aim to achieve with the issuance of a CBDC? Which inefficiencies in payment systems can CBDCs address? What are the implications of CBDC issuance for financial stability and central bank operational risk? How can CBDC design help achieve policy objectives and mitigate these risks? The paper provides preliminary answers to these questions at the regional level. A survey of IMF teams and public statements from ME&CA policymakers confirm that promoting financial inclusion and making payment systems more efficient (domestic and cross-border) are the top priorities in the region. Payment services through CBDCs, if offered at a lower cost than existing alternatives, could spur competition in the payment market and help increase access to bank accounts, improve financial inclusion, and update legacy technology platforms. CBDCs may also help improve the efficiency of cross-border payment services, especially if designed to address frictions arising from a lack of payment system interoperability, complex processing of compliance checks, long transaction chains, and weak competition. At the same time, CBDCs could negatively impact bank profitability while introducing a substantial operational burden for central banks. However, the exact economic and financial impacts of CBDCs need further study and would depend on estimates of CBDC demand, which are uncertain and country- dependent. CBDC issuance and adoption is a long journey that policymakers should approach with care. Policymakers need to analyze carefully whether a CBDC serves their country’s objectives and whether the expected benefits outweigh the potential costs, in addition to risks for the financial system and operational risks for the central bank.

Regional Economic Outlook

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook by :

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia underlines that the region has continued to experience strong growth in 2008, and the short-term outlook is generally favorable. However, inflation has emerged as a key issue, and while the global credit crunch has thus far had a limited impact on regional financial markets, the financial turmoil and slowdown in developed economies could lower growth in the period ahead. Policies will need to focus on tightening the fiscal and monetary stance where appropriate, with greater exchange rate flexibility, and continuing efforts to strengthen t.

Gender Equality and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : Ms. Lisa L Kolovich
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender Equality and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Ms. Lisa L Kolovich

Download or read book Gender Equality and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Ms. Lisa L Kolovich and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-04-11 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts to achieve gender equality will not only help sub-Saharan Africa revive its inclusive growth engine but also will ensure progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals and help address the main disruptive challenges of this century. This book explores the progress made in gender equality in the region, highlighting both the challenges and successes in areas such as legal reforms; education; health; gender-based violence; harmful practices, such as child marriage; and financial inclusion. It takes stock of initiatives towards integrating gender into core macroeconomic and structural reforms, such as through implementing gender budgeting and examines the role that fiscal and other policies can play in closing gender gaps when they are mindful of distributional impacts. Drawing from extensive research across different institutions, the book underscores the macroeconomic significance of gender equality, emphasizing its potential to drive GDP growth, enhance economic stability, reduce income inequality, and foster sustainable development. It lays out how gender gaps interact with emerging challenges, such as digitalization, and explores the impact of global megatrends, such as climate change, on gender inequality, offering strategies for inclusive policy responses—including in a context where women and girls are still carrying a disproportionate care burden that is often not captured in economic measurement. The book aims to serve as a roadmap for policymakers, stakeholders, and advocates seeking to harness the untapped potential of gender equality—for its own sake and for the region's inclusive, sustainable, and green development. It calls for concerted efforts to dismantle structural barriers, transform social norms, and prioritize gender-responsive policies to unlock the full economic potential of sub-Saharan Africa.

Balancing Act

Author : Roberta Gatti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 146482035X
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Balancing Act by : Roberta Gatti

Download or read book Balancing Act written by Roberta Gatti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covid-19. The Russian invasion of Ukraine. Commodity price volatility. The rise of global inflation and interest rates. Currency depreciations among indebted middle-income economies. And now, natural disasters. As a sequence of events, the consequences can be both tragic and long-lasting. After analyzing the macroeconomic prospects of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region, this edition of the regional Economic Update assesses the human toll of macroeconomic shocks in terms of lost jobs and deteriorating livelihoods of the people of MENA. Growth is forecast to decelerate in 2023 after experiencing an oil-price induced growth spurt in 2022 among the high-income oil exporters of the region. Yet as the region continues to recover from the impact of the COVID-19 shock and navigates the heightened volatility in its terms of trade, the region's labor force is contending with the ramifications for their livelihoods of the inflationary pressures associated with currency fluctuations in some countries. The authors estimate that the macroeconomic shocks of 2020-22 led to an additional 5.1 million individuals becoming unemployed in MENA. Will these shocks permanently scar the hard-working people of MENA? The report answers this question by highlighting the trade-offs facing labor markets when facing macroeconomic shocks. A critical trade-off pertains to the loss of jobs versus decreases in real incomes, neither of which is desirable. The report advocates for maintaining the flexibility of real wages and discusses policy options to support the most vulnerable.

Global Trends 2040

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.