Regional Econometric Modeling

Download Regional Econometric Modeling PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400932677
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Regional Econometric Modeling by : M. Ray Perryman

Download or read book Regional Econometric Modeling written by M. Ray Perryman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first volume of the International Series in Economic Model ing, a series designed to summarize current issues and procedures in applied modeling within various fields of economics and to offer new or alternative approaches to prevailing problems. In selecting the subject area for the first volume, we were attracted by the area to which applied modeling efforts are increasingly being drawn, regional economics and its associated subfields. Applied modeling is a broad rubric even when the focus is restricted to econometric modeling issues. Regional econometric modeling has posted a record of rapid growth during the last two decades and has become an established field of research and application. Econometric models of states and large urban areas have become commonplace, but the existence of such models does not signal an end to further development of regional econ ometric methods and models. Many issues such as structural specification, level of geographic detail, data constraints, forecasting integrity, and syn thesis with other regional modeling techniques will continue to be sources of concern and will prompt further research efforts. The chapters of this volume reflect many of these issues. A brief synopsis of each contribution is provided below: Richard Weber offers an overview of regional econometric models by discussing theoretical specification, nature of variables, and ultimate useful ness of such models. For an illustration, Weber describes the specification of the econometric model of New Jersey.

Regional Economic Modeling: A Systematic Approach to Economic Forecasting and Policy Analysis

Download Regional Economic Modeling: A Systematic Approach to Economic Forecasting and Policy Analysis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401728747
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Regional Economic Modeling: A Systematic Approach to Economic Forecasting and Policy Analysis by : G.I. Treyz

Download or read book Regional Economic Modeling: A Systematic Approach to Economic Forecasting and Policy Analysis written by G.I. Treyz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regional economic models are the key to predicting the effects of transportation, economic development, energy, fiscal and environmental policies. Despite this, the principal regional economic policy analysis model used throughout the United States by government agencies, universities, and the private sector has not been presented in a book until now. The approach to building, understanding and using regional models presented in Regional Economic Models: A Systematic Approach to Forecasting and Policy Analysis is progressive. It begins with the simplest possible models and concludes with a full presentation of the leading model used by policy makers today. The full details are presented along with facilitating software, which is made available so that the reader can build a prototype model for any state or country and can perform policy simulations with full operational models for a sample area. Policy studies are discussed that have been carried out with the model, as well as the range of ways in which policies can be tested through policy simulations. The necessary background is developed for understanding the ways in which models can be used to improve the basis upon which policies are evaluated, as well as the sensitivity of the predicted effects to the model chosen for the analysis. The presentation is multifaceted and includes equations, diagrams and numerical examples. The professional literature is integrated with introductory materials to produce the first comprehensive book on regional modeling that extends from economic base models to modeling advances that are currently being published in economic journals.

Econometric Analysis of Regional Systems

Download Econometric Analysis of Regional Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483265978
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Econometric Analysis of Regional Systems by : Norman J. Glickman

Download or read book Econometric Analysis of Regional Systems written by Norman J. Glickman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Econometric Analysis of Regional Systems: Explorations in Model Building and Policy Analysis provides information pertinent to the use of regional econometric models for forecasting and policy analysis. This book presents macroeconomic forecasting for metropolitan regions. Organized into five chapters, this book begins with an overview of the problem of forecasting regional economic activity. This text then analyzes the principal types, economic base, input–output, and econometric of the regional economic models. Other chapters consider a large-scale econometric model for the Philadelphia region based on time series data to make forecasts for output, employment, prices, wages, income, economic activity, and other economic aggregates. This book discusses as well the types of forecasting models used in regional analysis. The final chapter deals with econometric techniques to bear on the problem of regional economic forecasting. This book is a valuable resource for economists, local policy makers, and government officials.

Empirical Regional Economics

Download Empirical Regional Economics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030766462
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Empirical Regional Economics by : Richard S. Conway Jr.

Download or read book Empirical Regional Economics written by Richard S. Conway Jr. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-23 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook offers an introduction to empirical regional economics, including a comprehensive and systematic overview of the fundamentals, history, development, and applications of economic base models. It not only provides a sound basis for regional economics and regional economic analysis, but it also includes numerous applications of the underlying theory. The book has an empirical orientation, highlighting the value of observation and testing in order to explain regional economic behavior. Theory plays an important role in this study, but it is only a starting point. The book is divided into three parts: the first discusses the economic base theory of regional growth and the empirical evidence supporting it, while the second part covers the specification and application of four increasingly complex regional economic models: the economic base model, the input-output model, the interindustry econometric model, and the structural time-series model. Lastly, the third part presents forty-eight regional economic case studies organized under seven headings, including economic cycles, economic policy, and regional forecasting. Given its scope, the book appeals to upper-undergraduate and graduate students majoring in economics, economic geography, and business, as well as to anyone in the private or public sector interested in gaining a better understanding of practical methods of regional economic forecasting and analysis. For additional course material, please check the author's website: https://www.empiricalregionaleconomics.com/

ECESIS: An Interregional Economic-Demographic Model of the United States

Download ECESIS: An Interregional Economic-Demographic Model of the United States PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135114099X
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis ECESIS: An Interregional Economic-Demographic Model of the United States by : Paul M. Beaumont

Download or read book ECESIS: An Interregional Economic-Demographic Model of the United States written by Paul M. Beaumont and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-28 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1989. ECESIS consists of 51 regional econometric models (one for each state and the District of Columbia) and a multiregional demographic model. Its distinguishing feature is the linking of sophisticated demographic accounts with sophisticated structural econometric models. This book, looking at how strong the interactions are between population dynamics and economic activity, determines to what extent the simultaneous economic-demographic interregional model provides improved projection and simulation properties over regional economic and demographic models used independently of one another.

Regional Economic Modeling in Theory and in Practice

Download Regional Economic Modeling in Theory and in Practice PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Regional Economic Modeling in Theory and in Practice by : Curtis C. Harris

Download or read book Regional Economic Modeling in Theory and in Practice written by Curtis C. Harris and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To find more information about Rowman and Littlefield titles, please visit www.rowmanlittlefield.com.

Modeling in Urban and Regional Economics

Download Modeling in Urban and Regional Economics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415269735
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (697 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Modeling in Urban and Regional Economics by : Alex Anas

Download or read book Modeling in Urban and Regional Economics written by Alex Anas and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title provides a comprehensive, critical coverage of the progress and development of mathematical modelling within urban and regional economics over four decades.

Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models

Download Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401577994
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models by : L. Anselin

Download or read book Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models written by L. Anselin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial econometrics deals with spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity, critical aspects of the data used by regional scientists. These characteristics may cause standard econometric techniques to become inappropriate. In this book, I combine several recent research results to construct a comprehensive approach to the incorporation of spatial effects in econometrics. My primary focus is to demonstrate how these spatial effects can be considered as special cases of general frameworks in standard econometrics, and to outline how they necessitate a separate set of methods and techniques, encompassed within the field of spatial econometrics. My viewpoint differs from that taken in the discussion of spatial autocorrelation in spatial statistics - e.g., most recently by Cliff and Ord (1981) and Upton and Fingleton (1985) - in that I am mostly concerned with the relevance of spatial effects on model specification, estimation and other inference, in what I caIl a model-driven approach, as opposed to a data-driven approach in spatial statistics. I attempt to combine a rigorous econometric perspective with a comprehensive treatment of methodological issues in spatial analysis.

Multiregional Economic Modeling

Download Multiregional Economic Modeling PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : North Holland
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Multiregional Economic Modeling by : Boris Issaev

Download or read book Multiregional Economic Modeling written by Boris Issaev and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1982 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Modelling in Urban and Regional Economics

Download Modelling in Urban and Regional Economics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1136460780
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Modelling in Urban and Regional Economics by : Alex Anas

Download or read book Modelling in Urban and Regional Economics written by Alex Anas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title provides a comprehensive, critical coverage of the progress and development of mathematical modelling within urban and regional economics over four decades.

Economy-Wide Modeling of Water at Regional and Global Scales

Download Economy-Wide Modeling of Water at Regional and Global Scales PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811361010
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Economy-Wide Modeling of Water at Regional and Global Scales by : Glyn Wittwer

Download or read book Economy-Wide Modeling of Water at Regional and Global Scales written by Glyn Wittwer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the economic modelling of water at the global, national and sub-national levels. It presents a multi-faceted analysis and, while it outlines the theories behind various models, its main purpose is to analyse policy issues and present insights arising from modelling, including a chapter analysing the macroeconomic implications of climate change. Arguably the most compelling reason for publishing a book on the economic modelling of water arises from the fact that agriculture accounts for approximately 70% of water used for economic purposes, while only contributing 4% of global income. Given that water is an essential commodity, this discrepancy may in part be symptomatic of an undervaluation of water due to immature and incomplete markets. In turn, this undervaluation has led to an ongoing misallocation of water. When economic models include water accounts that feed into production functions, they model impacts on the marginal product of water. Policies that improve the link between the marginal product and price of water will improve water allocation, while advanced economic models such as those presented here can enhance our ability to explore the possible impacts of improved policy.

Regional Research Frontiers - Vol. 2

Download Regional Research Frontiers - Vol. 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319505904
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Regional Research Frontiers - Vol. 2 by : Randall Jackson

Download or read book Regional Research Frontiers - Vol. 2 written by Randall Jackson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second volume in a two-part series on frontiers in regional research. It identifies methodological advances as well as trends and future developments in regional systems modelling and open science. Building on recent methodological and modelling advances, as well as on extensive policy-analysis experience, top international regional scientists identify and evaluate emerging new conceptual and methodological trends and directions in regional research. Topics such as dynamic interindustry modelling, computable general equilibrium models, exploratory spatial data analysis, geographic information science, spatial econometrics and other advanced methods are the central focus of this book. The volume provides insights into the latest developments in object orientation, open source, and workflow systems, all in support of open science. It will appeal to a wide readership, from regional scientists and economists to geographers, quantitatively oriented regional planners and other related disciplines. It offers a source of relevant information for academic researchers and policy analysts in government, and is also suitable for advanced teaching courses on regional and spatial science, economics and political science.

Globalization and Regional Economic Modeling

Download Globalization and Regional Economic Modeling PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540724443
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Globalization and Regional Economic Modeling by : Russel Cooper

Download or read book Globalization and Regional Economic Modeling written by Russel Cooper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-23 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization affects regional economies in a broad spectrum of aspects, from labor market conditions and development policies to climate change. This volume, written by an international cast of eminent regional scientists, provides new tools for analyzing the enormous changes in regional economies due to globalization. It offers timely conceptual refinements for regional analysis.

Empirical Regional Economics

Download Empirical Regional Economics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030766474
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (664 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Empirical Regional Economics by : Richard S. Conway Jr

Download or read book Empirical Regional Economics written by Richard S. Conway Jr and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook offers an introduction to empirical regional economics, including a comprehensive and systematic overview of the fundamentals, history, development, and applications of economic base models. It not only provides a sound basis for regional economics and regional economic analysis, but it also includes numerous applications of the underlying theory. The book has an empirical orientation, highlighting the value of observation and testing in order to explain regional economic behavior. Theory plays an important role in this study, but it is only a starting point. The book is divided into three parts: the first discusses the economic base theory of regional growth and the empirical evidence supporting it, while the second part covers the specification and application of four increasingly complex regional economic models: the economic base model, the input-output model, the interindustry econometric model, and the structural time-series model. Lastly, the third part presents forty-eight regional economic case studies organized under seven headings, including economic cycles, economic policy, and regional forecasting. Given its scope, the book appeals to upper-undergraduate and graduate students majoring in economics, economic geography, and business, as well as to anyone in the private or public sector interested in gaining a better understanding of practical methods of regional economic forecasting and analysis.

An Area-stratified Regional Econometric Model

Download An Area-stratified Regional Econometric Model PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781558690103
Total Pages : 55 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis An Area-stratified Regional Econometric Model by : Norman J. Glickman

Download or read book An Area-stratified Regional Econometric Model written by Norman J. Glickman and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, second edition

Download Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, second edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262232588
Total Pages : 1095 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, second edition by : Jeffrey M. Wooldridge

Download or read book Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, second edition written by Jeffrey M. Wooldridge and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 1095 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of a comprehensive state-of-the-art graduate level text on microeconometric methods, substantially revised and updated. The second edition of this acclaimed graduate text provides a unified treatment of two methods used in contemporary econometric research, cross section and data panel methods. By focusing on assumptions that can be given behavioral content, the book maintains an appropriate level of rigor while emphasizing intuitive thinking. The analysis covers both linear and nonlinear models, including models with dynamics and/or individual heterogeneity. In addition to general estimation frameworks (particular methods of moments and maximum likelihood), specific linear and nonlinear methods are covered in detail, including probit and logit models and their multivariate, Tobit models, models for count data, censored and missing data schemes, causal (or treatment) effects, and duration analysis. Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data was the first graduate econometrics text to focus on microeconomic data structures, allowing assumptions to be separated into population and sampling assumptions. This second edition has been substantially updated and revised. Improvements include a broader class of models for missing data problems; more detailed treatment of cluster problems, an important topic for empirical researchers; expanded discussion of "generalized instrumental variables" (GIV) estimation; new coverage (based on the author's own recent research) of inverse probability weighting; a more complete framework for estimating treatment effects with panel data, and a firmly established link between econometric approaches to nonlinear panel data and the "generalized estimating equation" literature popular in statistics and other fields. New attention is given to explaining when particular econometric methods can be applied; the goal is not only to tell readers what does work, but why certain "obvious" procedures do not. The numerous included exercises, both theoretical and computer-based, allow the reader to extend methods covered in the text and discover new insights.

University Research and Regional Innovation

Download University Research and Regional Innovation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461555876
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis University Research and Regional Innovation by : Attila Varga

Download or read book University Research and Regional Innovation written by Attila Varga and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 4 UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS AND PRIVATE RESEARCH . . . . . . . . 45 4. 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4. 2. THE INNOVATION, PRIVATE RESEARCH AND UNIVERSITY RESEARCH DATA . . . . 46 4. 3. THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4. 4. THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY R&D ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4. 5. THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND ITS RELATION TO INNOVATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 4. 6. SUMMARy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5 LOCAL KNOWLEDGE TRANSFERS: STATE LEVEL ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . 67 5. 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5. 2. STATE ANALYSIS AND LOCAL KNOWLEDGE TRANSFERS: SUMMARY OF EARLIER FINDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 5. 3. ALTERNATIVE INDICATORS OF LOCAL UNIVERSITY KNOWLEDGE TRANSFERS 72 EMPIRICAL RESULT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5. 4. 5. 5. SUMMARy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 6 THE SPATIAL EXTENT OF UNIVERSITY EFFECTS: MSA LEVEL ANALySIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 6. 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 6. 2. THE MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6. 2. ESTIMATION ISSUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 6. 3. EMPIRICAL RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 6. 4. SUMMARy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 7 FACTORS GOVERNING UNIVERSITY EFFECTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7. 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7. 2. THE EMPIRICAL MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 7. 3. REGRESSION RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 7. 4. SPATIAL VARIATION IN THE INTENSITY OF UNIVERSITY KNOWLEDGE TRANSFERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 7. 5. THE "CRITICAL MASS" OF AGGLOMERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 7. 6. SUMMARy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 8 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 APPENDIX A: DEFINING HIGH TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EMPIRICAL STUDY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 APPENDIX B: VARIABLE DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 List of Tables Table 2. 1.