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Regional Differentiation Agglomeration And Clusters Within The Eu
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Book Synopsis Regional Differentiation, Agglomeration and Clusters Within the EU by : Josef Abrhám
Download or read book Regional Differentiation, Agglomeration and Clusters Within the EU written by Josef Abrhám and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European integration process is constantly deepening. In the 90s of the last century the project of the internal market was completed and then Member States started to implement the provisions of a monetary union. Coordination proceeds also in terms of fiscal, structural and to some extent and social policies. Nevertheless, the European Union is quite a heterogeneous as a whole. Individual economies are different both in absolute and relative economic indicators, the economic and social disparities of the member base is even more marked after the recently realized enlargement of the original Fifteen by the twelve new member states. European Union is chracterized by significant concentration of economic activities, both sectoral and spatial. The goal of this paper is to clarify regional differentiation and agglomeration within the European union. We will use quantitative analises of empirical statistical data from Eurostat databases and the European Cluster Observatory. To monitor regional differences in economic level, gross domestic product per capita expressed in purchasing power parity is used as an indicator which is also suitable for international comparisons, since it addresses issues of the effects of price levels and exchange rates. A substantial issue in the assessment of regional disparities represents a selection of examined territorial units. In cluster analyses we will come out, for reasons of comparability, from the unified classification of territorial regions of the European Union, which divides the territory of all member countries into the so-called NUTS regions. Specifically, we will follow namely the units at NUTS 2 level, only in certain evaluation we enter the regions at the level of the NUTS 3. In our analysis, we use data from a database of European Cluster Observatory, which represents the most comprehensive European source. The database contains comparative data for all 27 EU member countries and focuses only on clusters of high quality levels. Clusters are identified based on regional employment. Geographical dimension is observed at the NUTS 2 regions. To determine the quality of industrial specialization and agglomeration is used in so-called Star classification under which the cluster can take one, two or three stars. Three stars are seen as the highest achievable rating.
Book Synopsis Clusters in Urban and Regional Development by : Andrew Cumbers
Download or read book Clusters in Urban and Regional Development written by Andrew Cumbers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Going beyond the celebrated 'hot-spots' of economic development, this book draws upon evidence from a broader range of cities and regions to help fill some important gaps in our knowledge of how clusters operate within the contemporary global economy. This book was previously published as a special issue of the journal Urban Studies.
Book Synopsis Regional Competitiveness and Smart Specialization in Europe by : Mark Thissen
Download or read book Regional Competitiveness and Smart Specialization in Europe written by Mark Thissen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This path-breaking book presents a crucial contribution to the current academic discussion on regional competitiveness and the policy debate on smart specialization, place-based development and cohesion policy in the European Union. As such it will prove
Book Synopsis Economic Geography and the Unequal Development of Regions by : Jean-Claude Prager
Download or read book Economic Geography and the Unequal Development of Regions written by Jean-Claude Prager and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behind the mystery of economic growth stands another mystery: why do some places fare better than others? Casual evidence shows that sizable differences exist at very different spatial scales (countries, regions and cities). This book aims to discuss the main economic reasons for the existence of peaks and troughs in the spatial distribution of wealth and people, with a special emphasis on the role of large cities and regional agglomerations in the process of economic development.
Book Synopsis Regions and Regionalism in Europe by : Michael Keating
Download or read book Regions and Regionalism in Europe written by Michael Keating and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last half century has seen the rise across Europe of a new intermediate level of government and politics, usually referred to as a region. However the term 'region' means many different things and can be approached from many different angles - geographical, historical, cultural, social, economic and political. Although it is in Europe that regionalism as a multiform phenomenon has developed furthest, the European experience resonates in other parts of the world, where some of these elements also exist. In this volume, Michael Keating has selected some of the most significant previously published articles which provide a comprehensive overview of past and current thinking on this subject.
Book Synopsis Regional Disparities in the European Union by : Kurt Geppert
Download or read book Regional Disparities in the European Union written by Kurt Geppert and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Globalization of Regional Clusters by : Dirk Fornahl
Download or read book The Globalization of Regional Clusters written by Dirk Fornahl and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the role of regional clusters in the context of ongoing globalization, this timely book investigates the two seemingly competing trends of globalization and localization from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. International case studies offer pioneering insights into the internationalization process of regional clusters and the effect of this on regional as well as firm performance.
Book Synopsis Fifty Years of Regional Science by : Raymond Florax
Download or read book Fifty Years of Regional Science written by Raymond Florax and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the complete text of the special Golden Anniversary issue of the flagship journal of the Regional Science Association International (RSAI), Papers in Regional Science (Volume 83, Number 1), as well as the full text of Walter Isard's Presidential Address "The future (near and far) of regional science". Professor Isard originally delivered the speech in a special plenary session of the fiftieth North American Meetings of the Regional Science Association International. The session began with a ceremonial kickoff to the year-long celebration of the multidisciplinary field's first 50 years. At the ceremony, held on the morning of Friday, November 21,2004 at the DoubleTree Hotel in Philadelphia, we presented Walter Isard, the founder of our multidisciplinary field, as well as Antoine Bailly, the President of the Regional Science Association International, and David Boyce, the Association's Archivist, with commemorative first copies of the anniversary issue. This book, entitled Fifty Years of Regional Science, consists of a compendium of "thought" papers authored by a representative sampling of some of the field's leading scholars. For the special journal issue we originally titled the collection: "The Brightest of Dawns".
Book Synopsis Innovation Clusters in the 10 New Member States of the European Union by : Christian Ketels
Download or read book Innovation Clusters in the 10 New Member States of the European Union written by Christian Ketels and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report finds that the lack of regional specialisation might be an important factor explaining the European competitiveness gap with leading global peers. The report presents the first systematic mapping and analysis of regional clusters across the EU-10. It describes the differences in regional specialisation across 38 cluster categories, the changes that have occurred in cluster specialisation patterns in the last few years, and the nature of the leading locations across individual cluster categories. The cluster sector gained a total of 1 million jobs between 2000 and 2004, an increase of about 10 per cent. Overall, the regional clusters account for almost two thirds of total employment in the cluster sector across the 10 new Member States. In recent years, strong clusters have emerged, such as in the automotive industry, but some other sectors lost economic importance (eg footwear). The figures in the report suggest that the economies of the EU-10 countries are still undergoing an intense structural change.
Book Synopsis Convergence, Innovation and Geography by : Johanna Vogel
Download or read book Convergence, Innovation and Geography written by Johanna Vogel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis contributes to the empirical literature on economic growth across the regions of the European Union, using data from 1980 onwards. It consists of three main chapters that in turn explore the major theoretical approaches relevant to regional economic growth. Chapter 1 studies the cffects of allowing for heterogeneous slope coefficients in the Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992) model, based on panel data for 193 EU-15 regions from 1980 to 2005. We first estimate the modclnsing conventional pooled panel data estimators, allowing at most intercepts to differ across regions. Then we relax the restriction of homo- geneous slope coefficients by estimating separate time-series models for each region, using Pesaran and Smith's (1995) mean group estimator. To account for spatial dependence, we employ the common correlated effects approach of Pesaran (2006). Our analysis indicates important differences across regions in the speed of adjustment to region-specific long-run paths for the level of income per capita. Allowing for heterogeneous coefficients doubles the speed of adjustment to 22% per year on average compared to the homogenous case, which suggests downward bias in the latter. We also find a positive and significant effect of the rate of investment, although the implied structural parameters are smaller than expected. Chapter 3 investigates two channels through which research and development (R&D) and human capital may affect regional total factor productivity growth in the manufacturing sec- tor, using panel data on 159 EU-15 regions from 1992 to 2005. Based on the endogenous growth model of Griffith, Redding and Van Reenen (2003), we allow R&D and human capi- tal to influence productivity growth both directly, reflecting own innovation, and indirectly, reflecting imitation of frontier technology. Further, the model allows for conditional con- vergence to a long-run level of TFP relative to the frontier, and we develop an extension that captures geographically localised technology spillovers. Our preferred system-GMM es- timates provide significant evidence of a positive direct effect of human capital and a positive indirect effect of R&D on productivity growth. This may be interpreted as lending support to the recent focus of EU regional policy on raising educational attainment and R&D ex- penditures, although their channels of influence appear to differ. Our results also suggest that TFP convergence has taken place over our sample period and that spillovers are to an extent geographically localised. Chapter 4 examines the empirical relationship between agglomeration and economic growth for a panel of 48 Central and Eastern European regions from 1995 to 2006. By agglomeration, we mean the within-regional concentration of aggregate economic activity, which we measure using the "topographic" Theil index developed by Briilhart and Traeger (2005). The transitional growth specification of Mankiw et al. (1992) is augmented with this index and estimated using panel data methods that account for endogeneity and spatial dependence. Our empirical analysis provides evidence of a positive effect of agglomeration as measured by the topographic Theil index on long-run income levels. A one standard- deviation increase in agglomeration is estimated to raise steady-state income per capita by 15%. While this effect is sizeable, it also implies a trade-off between regional development and within-regional equality for Central and Eastern Europe.
Book Synopsis Multinational Corporations and European Regional Systems of Innovation by : John Cantwell
Download or read book Multinational Corporations and European Regional Systems of Innovation written by John Cantwell and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2005-06-27 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In globalising economies, particularly those going through a process of economic integration such as those economies within the EU, regions forge an increasing number of linkages with other locations within and across national borders. This is largely carried out by the technological efforts of Multinational Corporations (MNCs). This book explores the regional dimension of Europe in terms of localised technological comparative advantages and the location of innovative activities by MNCs. Using an empirical analysis John Cantwell and Simona Iammarino cover such important themes as: *MNC technological activities and economic wealth *MNCs and the regional systems of innovation in Italy, UK, Germany and France *the geographical hierarchy across European national borders.
Book Synopsis European Regional Growth by : Bernard Fingleton
Download or read book European Regional Growth written by Bernard Fingleton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European Regional Growth is the result of three major influences. First, the ongoing integration of the European regional economies and the need to understand what this means for European economic and social cohesion. Second, the development of geo-economic theories. Third, the development of techniques of spatial data analysis, simulation, data visualization and spatial econometrics. The outcome is a collection of chapters that apply these methods, motivated by a variety of theoretical positions. The book provides powerful and detailed analyses of the causes of income, productivity and employment variations across Europe's regions, and insights into their future prospects.
Book Synopsis Regional Specialisation and Concentration in the EU by : Martin Hallet
Download or read book Regional Specialisation and Concentration in the EU written by Martin Hallet and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: Tratamiento estadístico de los datos en Eurostat REGIO. Indicadores NUTS y NACE, de las cuentas nacionales, producto interior bruto y valor añadido - 1.Introducción - 2.La literatura - 3.Datos y metodología - 4.Resultados - 4.1Especialización - 4.2Concentración - 5.Resumen y conclusiones.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics by : V. Henderson
Download or read book Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics written by V. Henderson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-07-21 with total page 1081 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics: Cities and Geography reviews, synthesizes and extends the key developments in urban and regional economics and their strong connection to other recent developments in modern economics. Of particular interest is the development of the new economic geography and its incorporation along with innovations in industrial organization, endogenous growth, network theory and applied econometrics into urban and regional economics. The chapters cover theoretical developments concerning the forces of agglomeration, the nature of neighborhoods and human capital externalities, the foundations of systems of cities, the development of local political institutions, regional agglomerations and regional growth. Such massive progress in understanding the theory behind urban and regional phenomenon is consistent with on-going progress in the field since the late 1960's. What is unprecedented are the developments on the empirical side: the development of a wide body of knowledge concerning the nature of urban externalities, city size distributions, urban sprawl, urban and regional trade, and regional convergence, as well as a body of knowledge on specific regions of the world—Europe, Asia and North America, both current and historical. The Handbook is a key reference piece for anyone wishing to understand the developments in the field.
Book Synopsis Industrial Clusters and Regional Innovation by : Massimo Florio
Download or read book Industrial Clusters and Regional Innovation written by Massimo Florio and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the role of industrial clusters in stimulating regional innovation and economic cohesion in Europe. Starting from an overview of industrial clusters in the EU, in which we highlight the strengths and weaknesses of agglomerations of firms, we empirically investigate how cluster and regional characteristics influence R&D investment and innovation output and the role they play in fostering economic cohesion. We find that the presence and size of clusters significantly enhance regional innovation in Europe; however, the industry in which regions specialize matters. In particular, specialization in medium-high and high-technology clusters seems to create a better environment for innovation and R&D. Finally, the presence of clusters in a region is positively associated with higher levels of employment.
Book Synopsis Knowledge Spillovers and Economic Growth by : Marjolein C. J. Caniëls
Download or read book Knowledge Spillovers and Economic Growth written by Marjolein C. J. Caniëls and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caniels (Eindhoven U. of Technology, the Netherlands) implements concepts from geography into a technology-gap model in order to broaden the understanding of knowledge spillovers across space, and specifically the impact of local knowledge spillovers on regional growth. She begins by examining the literature on the diffusion of knowledge and constructing a methodological framework. Then she analyzes the influence of local knowledge spillovers on regional gaps, presents a model that gives an impression of these effects, and uses computer simulations to demonstrate the implications of the model. Finally she deals with the current situation in Europe using empirical analysis to demonstrate regional gaps and differences in economic and innovative activity across regions. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Agglomeration Economies and Productivity in the EU Regions by : Theodōros Tsekerēs
Download or read book Agglomeration Economies and Productivity in the EU Regions written by Theodōros Tsekerēs and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
