Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Reform Of The Over The Counter Derivative Market
Download Reform Of The Over The Counter Derivative Market full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Reform Of The Over The Counter Derivative Market ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Reform of the Over-the-counter Derivative Market by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services
Download or read book Reform of the Over-the-counter Derivative Market written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comparing G-20 Reform of the Over-The-Counter Derivatives Markets by : James K. Jackson
Download or read book Comparing G-20 Reform of the Over-The-Counter Derivatives Markets written by James K. Jackson and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derivatives, or financial instruments whose value is based on an underlying asset, played a key role in the financial crisis of 2008-2009. Congress directly addressed the governance of the derivatives markets through the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank; P.L. 111-203; July 21, 2010). This Act, in Title VII, sought to bring the largely unregulated over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives markets under greater regulatory control and scrutiny. Pillars of this approach included mandating that certain OTC derivatives be subject to central clearing, such as through a clearinghouse, which involves posting margin to cover potential losses; greater transparency through trading on exchanges or exchange-like facilities; and reporting trades to a repository, among other reforms. In the debates over Dodd-Frank and in subsequent years, many in Congress have raised the following important questions: If the United States takes stronger regulatory action than other countries, will business in these OTC derivatives markets shift overseas? Since OTC derivatives markets are global in nature, could derivatives trading across borders, or business for U.S. financial firms that engage in these trades, be disrupted if other countries do not adopt similar regulatory frameworks? The first step in addressing these congressional concerns is to examine the degree to which other major countries have adopted similar legislation and regulation as the United States, particularly in light of commitments from the Group of Twenty nations (G-20) to adopt certain derivatives reforms. Following the financial crisis, G-20 leaders (generally political heads of state) established a reform agenda and priorities within that agenda for regulating and overseeing OTC derivatives. The G-20 as an organization has no enforcement capabilities, but relies on the members themselves to implement reforms. According to recent surveys, most members are making progress in meeting the self-imposed goal of implementing major reforms in derivatives markets. Only the United States appears to have met all the reforms endorsed by the G-20 members within the desired timeframe of year-end 2012. The European Union (EU), Japan, Hong Kong, and the United States have each taken significant steps towards implementing legislation requiring central clearing. However, in most of these jurisdictions legislation has not yet been followed up with technical implementing regulations for the requirements to become effective, according to the Financial Stability Board (FSB), which conducts the surveys. Most authorities surveyed estimated that a significant proportion of interest rate derivatives would be centrally cleared by year-end 2012, but they were less confident of progress for other asset classes. The EU appeared to be making progress in its G-20 derivatives regulatory commitments, particularly in central clearing and trade repository-reporting requirements, but at a slower pace than the United States, according to the FSB. This may be due in part to the need for legislation to be passed by individual national legislatures even when agreed broadly by the EU. As of October 2012, however, only the United States had adopted legislation requiring standardized derivatives to be traded on exchanges and electronic platforms. This report examines the G-20 recommendations for reforming OTC derivatives markets and presents the result of self-assessment surveys measuring the performance of G-20 members and some FSB members to date in meeting their commitments. The Appendix to the report presents more detailed information on the status of individual jurisdictions in implementing the G-20- endorsed reforms. The Glossary defines key international bodies and related financial terms and concepts.
Book Synopsis Discriminatory Pricing of Over-the-Counter Derivatives by : Hau Harald
Download or read book Discriminatory Pricing of Over-the-Counter Derivatives written by Hau Harald and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New regulatory data reveal extensive price discrimination against non-financial clients in the FX derivatives market. The client at the 90th percentile pays an effective spread of 0.5%, while the bottom quarter incur transaction costs of less than 0.02%. Consistent with models of search frictions in over-the-counter markets, dealers charge higher spreads to less sophisticated clients. However, price discrimination is eliminated when clients trade through multi-dealer request-for-quote platforms. We also document that dealers extract rents from captive clients and market opacity, but only for contracts negotiated bilaterally with unsophisticated clients.
Book Synopsis OTC Derivatives: Bilateral Trading and Central Clearing by : David Murphy
Download or read book OTC Derivatives: Bilateral Trading and Central Clearing written by David Murphy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-08-07 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the credit crisis, supervisors enacted a range of financial reforms. In particular, they radically changed the nature of the OTC derivatives market via a number of measures, notably mandatory central clearing. This book discusses the market before the crisis, explains what central clearing is, and outlines the consequences of the new rules.
Book Synopsis Reform of Over-the-counter Derivatives Markets by : Nikolas Gavino
Download or read book Reform of Over-the-counter Derivatives Markets written by Nikolas Gavino and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derivatives, or financial instruments whose value is based on an underlying asset, played a key role in the financial crisis of 2008-2009. Congress directly addressed the governance of the derivatives markets through the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. This Act, in Title VII, sought to bring the largely unregulated over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives markets under greater regulatory control and scrutiny. Pillars of this approach included mandating that certain OTC derivatives be subject to central clearing, such as through a clearinghouse, which involves posting margin to cover potential losses; greater transparency through trading on exchanges or exchange-like facilities; and reporting trades to a repository, among other reforms. This book examines the G-20 recommendations for reforming OTC derivatives markets and presents the result of self-assessment surveys measuring the performance of G-20 members and some FSB members to date in meeting their commitments. It also discusses the key issues in derivatives reform; describes some of the requirements placed on the derivatives market by the Dodd-Frank Act; analyzes why countries coordinate economic policies and the historical origins of the G-20; how the G-20 operates; major highlights from previous G-20 summits, plus an overview of the agenda for the next G-20 summit; and debates about the effectiveness of the G-20 as a forum for economic cooperation and coordination.
Book Synopsis Recommendations for Central Counterparties by : Group of Ten. Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems
Download or read book Recommendations for Central Counterparties written by Group of Ten. Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shaping Reforms and Business Models for the OTC Derivatives Market: Quo vadis? by :
Download or read book Shaping Reforms and Business Models for the OTC Derivatives Market: Quo vadis? written by and published by CEPS. This book was released on with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :196 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Regulatory Reform and the Derivatives Market by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
Download or read book Regulatory Reform and the Derivatives Market written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Post-Reform Guide to Derivatives and Futures by : Gordon F. Peery
Download or read book The Post-Reform Guide to Derivatives and Futures written by Gordon F. Peery and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-04 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth look at the best ways to navigate the post-reform world of derivatives and futures The derivatives market is one of the largest, and most important financial markets in the world. It's also one of the least understood. Today we are witnessing the unprecedented reform and reshaping of this market, and along with these events, the entire life cycle of a derivatives transaction has been affected. Accordingly, nearly all market participants in the modern economy need to view the handling of risk by derivatives in a very different way. Many aspects of financial services reform are based on a belief that derivatives caused the Great Recession of 2008. While the difficulties we now face cannot be blamed solely on derivatives, the need to understand this market, and the financial products that trade within it, has never been greater. The Post-Reform Guide to Derivatives and Futures provides straightforward descriptions of these important investment products, the market in which they trade, and the law that now, after July 16, 2011, governs their use in America and creates challenges for investors throughout the world. Author Gordon Peery is an attorney who works exclusively in the derivatives markets and specializes in derivatives and futures reform and market structure. Since representing clients in Congressional hearings involving Enron Corp., he has developed extensive experience in this field. With this guide, he reveals how derivatives law, and market practice throughout the world, began to change in historic ways beginning in 2011, and what you must do to keep up with these changes. Explains what derivatives and futures are, who trades them, and what must be done to manage risk in the post reform world Accurately reflects the futures and derivatives markets as they exist today and how they will be transformed by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act Highlights the risks and common disputes regarding derivatives and futures, and offers recommendations for best practices in light of the evolving law governing derivatives The financial crisis has changed the rules of Wall Street, especially when it comes to derivatives and futures. The Post-Reform Guide to Derivatives and Futures will help you navigate this evolving field and put you in a better position to make the most informed decisions within it.
Book Synopsis Making OTC Derivatives Safe—A Fresh Look by : Mr.Manmohan Singh
Download or read book Making OTC Derivatives Safe—A Fresh Look written by Mr.Manmohan Singh and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent regulatory efforts, especially in the U.S. and Europe, are aimed at reducing moral hazard so that the next financial crisis is not bailed out by tax payers. This paper looks at the possibility that central counterparties (CCPs) may be too-big-to-fail entities in the making. The present regulatory and reform efforts may not remove the systemic risk from OTC derivatives but rather shift them from banks to CCPs. Under the present regulatory overhaul, the OTC derivative market could become more fragmented. Furthermore, another taxpayer bailout cannot be ruled out. A reexamination of the two key issues of (i) the interoperability of CCPs, and (ii) the cost of moving to CCPs with access to central bank funding, indicates that the proposed changes may not provide the best solution. The paper suggests that a tax on derivative liabilities could make the OTC derivatives market safer, particularly in the transition to a stable clearing infrastructure. It also suggests reconsideration of a "public utility" model for the OTC market infrastructure.
Book Synopsis United States by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book United States written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OTC derivatives markets were an increasing source of vulnerability heading into the crisis. OTC derivatives markets contributed to the financial crisis. Credit derivatives facilitated the development and growth of the structured securities markets; and the purchasing, packaging, and distribution of poorly underwritten loans and mortgages. The proposed reforms will make major improvements to market trading liquidity and the price discovery process. The reversal of the deregulation of OTC derivatives marks a major improvement in regulatory approach, and it closes an important gap in the regulatory framework.
Book Synopsis The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act: Title VII, Derivatives by : Rena S. Miller
Download or read book The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act: Title VII, Derivatives written by Rena S. Miller and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-11-21 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The financial crisis implicated the over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives market as a major source of systemic risk. A number of firms used derivatives to construct highly leveraged speculative positions, which generated enormous losses that threatened to bankrupt not only the firms themselves but also their creditors and trading partners. Hundreds of billions of dollars in government credit were needed to prevent such losses from cascading throughout the system. AIG was the best-known example, but by no means the only one. Equally troublesome was the fact that the OTC market depended on the financial stability of a dozen or so major dealers. Failure of a dealer would have resulted in the nullification of trillions of dollars' worth of contracts and would have exposed derivatives counterparties to sudden risk and loss, exacerbating the cycle of deleveraging and withholding of credit that characterized the crisis. During the crisis, all the major dealers came under stress, and even though derivatives dealing was not generally the direct source of financial weakness, a collapse of the $600 trillion OTC derivatives market was imminent absent federal intervention. The first group of Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) recipients included nearly all the large derivatives dealers. The Dodd-Frank Act (P.L. 111-203) sought to remake the OTC market in the image of the regulated futures exchanges. Crucial reforms include a requirement that swap contracts be cleared through a central counterparty regulated by one or more federal agencies. Clearinghouses require traders to put down cash (called initial margin) at the time they open a contract to cover potential losses, and require subsequent deposits (called maintenance margin) to cover actual losses to the position. The intended effect of margin requirements is to eliminate the possibility that any firm can build up an uncapitalized exposure so large that default would have systemic consequences (again, the AIG situation). The size of a cleared position is limited by the firm's ability to post capital to cover its losses. That capital protects its trading partners and the system as a whole. Swap dealers and major swap participants—firms with substantial derivatives positions—will be subject to margin and capital requirements above and beyond what the clearinghouses mandate. Swaps that are cleared will also be subject to trading on an exchange, or an exchange-like “swap execution facility,” regulated by either the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) or the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in the case of security-based swaps. All trades will be reported to data repositories, so that regulators will have complete information about all derivatives positions. Data on swap prices and trading volumes will be made public. The Dodd-Frank Act provides exceptions to the clearing and trading requirements for commercial end-users, or firms that use derivatives to hedge the risks of their nonfinancial business operations. Regulators may also provide exemptions for smaller financial institutions. Even trades that are exempt from the clearing and exchange-trading requirements, however, will have to be reported to data repositories or directly to regulators.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :100 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Implementing Derivatives Reform by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
Download or read book Implementing Derivatives Reform written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (DF) by : Michael K. Adjemian
Download or read book Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (DF) written by Michael K. Adjemian and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DF makes significant changes to Fed. regulation of the U.S. OTC derivatives markets. The act calls for swaps to be centrally cleared and traded on an exchange or execution facility and for dealers and major participants that trade these derivatives to be subject to collateral requirements. Although the act exempts certain types of swaps and traders from these clearing, collateral, and trading venue requirements in order to preserve market efficiency, all swaps will be subject to new record-keeping and reporting rules. This report reviews some important features of the new law and discuss their potential impact on agribusiness, much of which will depend on how the rules are written and implemented by regulators. This is a print on demand report.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government Sponsored Enterprises Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :212 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis The Effective Regulation of the Over-the-counter Derivatives Market by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government Sponsored Enterprises
Download or read book The Effective Regulation of the Over-the-counter Derivatives Market written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government Sponsored Enterprises and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Collateral, Netting and Systemic Risk in the OTC Derivatives Market by : Mr.Manmohan Singh
Download or read book Collateral, Netting and Systemic Risk in the OTC Derivatives Market written by Mr.Manmohan Singh and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To mitigate systemic risk, some regulators have advocated the greater use of centralized counterparties (CCPs) to clear Over-The-Counter (OTC) derivatives trades. Regulators should be cognizant that large banks active in the OTC derivatives market do not hold collateral against all the positions in their trading book and the paper proves an estimate of this under-collateralization. Whatever collateral is held by banks is allowed to be rehypothecated (or re-used) to others. Since CCPs would require all positions to have collateral against them, off-loading a significant portion of OTC derivatives transactions to central counterparties (CCPs) would require large increases in posted collateral, possibly requiring large banks to raise more capital. These costs suggest that most large banks will be reluctant to offload their positions to CCPs, and the paper proposes an appropriate capital levy on remaining positions to encourage the transition.
Book Synopsis Over-the-Counter Derivatives Regulation in Hong Kong and Singapore by : Christopher Chen
Download or read book Over-the-Counter Derivatives Regulation in Hong Kong and Singapore written by Christopher Chen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Christopher Chen examines and compares the regulation of over-the-counter derivatives in Hong Kong and Singapore regarding the reporting, clearing and trading mandates for regulating OTC derivatives in relation to developments in the US and Europe.
