Reduplication Of Urdu And English Words Methodology And Data Analysis

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Reduplication of Urdu and English Words. Methodology and Data Analysis

Author : Amina Khalid
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656946485
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (569 download)

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Book Synopsis Reduplication of Urdu and English Words. Methodology and Data Analysis by : Amina Khalid

Download or read book Reduplication of Urdu and English Words. Methodology and Data Analysis written by Amina Khalid and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2015-04-21 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2015 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, , language: English, abstract: Reduplication is not an alien concept to begin with. It is a type of compounding process in terms of “reduplication compound or repetitive compound”. Reduplication is a morphological process in which word, stem or root is doubled. This process takes place in two major types; total reduplication and partial reduplication. Total reduplication doubles the entire word whereas partial reduplication copies some phonological features of the word, stem or root. The process of reduplication is found in many languages and has the quality of linguistic productivity. The productivity of reduplication process in Urdu and English language is reverse. English language has less productivity of Reduplication process but the linguistics has done a lot of work on it. There are two online dictionaries on reduplicated words in English language, where they present reduplicated words with their meanings and etymological origins. On the other hand, the productivity of reduplication process is immense in Urdu language but there is no online availability of literature on Reduplication in Urdu language. If material of some kind available online it is not very reliable. Word Reduplication can be traced back to the 16th century from Latin word “Reduplication” or “reduplicationis” which means “doubling” and “folding”. The term “Reduplicator” is used for the base word in reduplication even the reduplicated element is called “Reduplicant”. Reduplication plays central role in word formation process which undergoes in many languages and language groups. Reduplication process is very productive in Urdu language but the process remains almost unexplored in Pakistan. It is a rich field of linguistic investigation.

Reduplication in South Asian Languages

Author : Anvita Abbi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Reduplication in South Asian Languages by : Anvita Abbi

Download or read book Reduplication in South Asian Languages written by Anvita Abbi and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Morphology of Loanwords in Urdu

Author : Riaz Ahmed Mangrio
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443896632
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis The Morphology of Loanwords in Urdu by : Riaz Ahmed Mangrio

Download or read book The Morphology of Loanwords in Urdu written by Riaz Ahmed Mangrio and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-22 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although a major language in itself, Urdu has borrowed words from three major languages of the world, namely Persian, Arabic and English, with various loan morphological and phonological features. There have been very few studies on this phenomenon, and many features are still unexplored. This study focuses on loanword morphology, and looks at the nature of loanwords borrowed from these three languages. The book begins by examining the morphological adaptation of loanwords. Secondly, parallels and differences are explored between the relatively recent adaptation of English loans and the older adaptation of words from Arabic and Persian. The descriptive content of the book – covering as it does not only English loanwords, but those from Arabic and Persian as well, in addition to examining native Urdu structures – is refreshingly broad. The study itself is primarily descriptive, carefully teasing apart the sometimes complex interactions between syntax, semantics and linguistic function relative to loanword adaptation. However, even beyond the question of loanword adaptation, there is much to recommend itself descriptively here, with regard to the morphological structures of Urdu, including endocentric, exocentric, copulative, postpositional and verbal compounds. In addition to such derivational processes, this study also considers various inflectional issues, such as gender, number and case morphology, the pluralisation of English nominal loans, and the adaptation of English verbs through the use of Urdu dummy verbs. The book offers a good foundation for a more in-depth examination of the data against current morphological theory. Taken as a whole, it not only presents a large quantity of interesting data in pursuing the immediate question of loanword adaptation in Urdu, but also provides a fruitful starting point for a wealth of further investigations into Urdu and into loanword adaptation more generally.

Understanding Morphology

Author : Martin Haspelmath
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134645961
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Morphology by : Martin Haspelmath

Download or read book Understanding Morphology written by Martin Haspelmath and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Understanding Morphology has been fully revised in line with the latest research. It now includes 'big picture' questions to highlight central themes in morphology, as well as research exercises for each chapter. Understanding Morphology presents an introduction to the study of word structure that starts at the very beginning. Assuming no knowledge of the field of morphology on the part of the reader, the book presents a broad range of morphological phenomena from a wide variety of languages. Starting with the core areas of inflection and derivation, the book presents the interfaces between morphology and syntax and between morphology and phonology. The synchronic study of word structure is covered, as are the phenomena of diachronic change, such as analogy and grammaticalization. Theories are presented clearly in accessible language with the main purpose of shedding light on the data, rather than as a goal in themselves. The authors consistently draw on the best research available, thus utilizing and discussing both functionalist and generative theoretical approaches. Each chapter includes a summary, suggestions for further reading, and exercises. As such this is the ideal book for both beginning students of linguistics, or anyone in a related discipline looking for a first introduction to morphology.

Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts by :

Download or read book Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2006-10 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Introduction to Language and Linguistics

Author : Ralph Fasold
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521847680
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Language and Linguistics by : Ralph Fasold

Download or read book An Introduction to Language and Linguistics written by Ralph Fasold and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-03-09 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This accessible textbook offers balanced and uniformly excellent coverage of modern linguistics.

Studies on Reduplication

Author : Bernhard Hurch
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110911469
Total Pages : 653 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies on Reduplication by : Bernhard Hurch

Download or read book Studies on Reduplication written by Bernhard Hurch and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-12-22 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For several reasons, mostly inherent to the different developments of generative grammar, an increasing number of publications have dealt with reduplication in the past 20 years. Reduplication lends itself perfectly as a test field for theories that opt for a non-segmental organization of phonology and morphology. As it happens frequently, then, the discussion centers around a rather small set of data for which alternative analysis are offered, and which themselves are intended to contribute to the foundation of new theoretical developments. The present volume (which goes back to a conference on reduplication at the University of Graz, Austria) offers a broader approach to reduplication not only from different theoretical viewpoints, but especially for its phenomenology. Across theories a number of highly qualified authors deal with formal and functional perspectives, with typological properties, with semantics, comparative issues, the role of reduplication in language acquisition, the acquisition of reduplicative systems, sign languages, creoles and pidgins, general grammatical and cognitive principles; the picture is completed by a series of language or language-family specific studies as on Uto-Aztecan, Salish, Tupi-Guarani, Moroccan and Cairene Arabic, various African languages, Chinese, Turkish, Indo-European, languages from India, etc. The overall scope of the conference was to contribute to a new level of discussion of the phenomenon, across theories and across specializations and interests. Update on Contributor's addresses (PDF)

English as a Global Language

Author : David Crystal
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107611806
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis English as a Global Language by : David Crystal

Download or read book English as a Global Language written by David Crystal and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in a detailed and fascinating manner, this book is ideal for general readers interested in the English language.

The Unusual Suspects: Linguistic Deficits in Non-Language-Dominant Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author : Adolfo M. García
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889746585
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis The Unusual Suspects: Linguistic Deficits in Non-Language-Dominant Neurodegenerative Diseases by : Adolfo M. García

Download or read book The Unusual Suspects: Linguistic Deficits in Non-Language-Dominant Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Adolfo M. García and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-02 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Oxford Reference Guide to English Morphology

Author : Laurie Bauer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198747063
Total Pages : 719 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Reference Guide to English Morphology by : Laurie Bauer

Download or read book The Oxford Reference Guide to English Morphology written by Laurie Bauer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive description of English word formation covers inflection and derivation, compounding, conversion, and minor processes such as subtractive morphology. It combines theory-neutral presentation of data with theoretically informed analysis. Winner of the 2015 Bloomfield Book Award and written by three outstanding scholars, this is a vital reference for all linguists.

The Construction of Words

Author : Geert Booij
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319743945
Total Pages : 617 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis The Construction of Words by : Geert Booij

Download or read book The Construction of Words written by Geert Booij and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on detailed studies of various aspects of Construction Morphology, and combines theoretical analysis and descriptive detail. It deals with data from several domains of linguistics and contributes to an integration of findings from various subdisciplines of linguistics into a common model of the architecture of language. It presents applications and extensions of the model of Construction Morphology to a wide range of languages. Construction Morphology is one of the theoretical paradigms in present-day morphology. It makes use of concepts of Construction Grammar for the analysis of word formation and inflection. Complex words are seen as constructions, that is, pairs of form and meaning. Morphological patterns are accounted for by construction schemas. These are the recipes for coining new words and word forms, and they motivate the properties of existing complex words. Both schemas and individual words are stored, and hence there is no strict separation of lexicon and grammar. In addition to abstract schemas there are subschemas for subclasses of complex words with specific properties. This architecture of the grammar is in harmony with findings from other empirical domains of linguistics such as language acquisition, word processing, and language change.

Kartography

Author : Kamila Shamsie
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1408825996
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Kartography by : Kamila Shamsie

Download or read book Kartography written by Kamila Shamsie and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2011-06-06 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: _______________ 'A boisterous tribute to her home town that crackles with the chaos of Pakistani political life' - The Times 'Deftly woven and provocative ... Shamsie's blistering humour and ear for dialogue scorches through their whirl of whisky and witticisms' - Observer 'You will notice very quickly that you're reading a book by someone who can write ... Above all, Kartography is a love story. And if you're not sniffling by, or in fact on, page 113, you're reading the wrong book' - Guardian _______________ BY THE ACCLAIMED WINNER OF THE WOMEN'S PRIZE FOR FICTION 2018 SHORTLISTED FOR THE JOHN LLEWELLYN RHYS PRIZE _______________ Soul mates from birth, Karim and Raheen finish one another's sentences, speak in anagrams and lie spine to spine. They are irrevocably bound to one another and to Karachi, Pakistan. It beats in their hearts - violent, polluted, corrupt, vibrant, brave and ultimately, home. As the years go by they let a barrier of silence build between them until, finally, they are brought together during a dry summer of strikes and ethnic violence and their relationship is poised between strained friendship and fated love. _______________ 'Perceptive, funny and poignant' - Times Literary Supplement 'A touching love story, with the city of Karachi beating at its heart' - Daily Mail 'A gorgeous novel of perimeters and boundaries, of the regions – literal and figurative – in which we're comfortable moving about and those through which we'd rather not travel' - Los Angeles Times

Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications

Author : Daniel Bikel
Publisher : IBM Press
ISBN 13 : 0137047819
Total Pages : 829 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications by : Daniel Bikel

Download or read book Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications written by Daniel Bikel and published by IBM Press. This book was released on 2012-05-11 with total page 829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multilingual Natural Language Processing Applications is the first comprehensive single-source guide to building robust and accurate multilingual NLP systems. Edited by two leading experts, it integrates cutting-edge advances with practical solutions drawn from extensive field experience. Part I introduces the core concepts and theoretical foundations of modern multilingual natural language processing, presenting today’s best practices for understanding word and document structure, analyzing syntax, modeling language, recognizing entailment, and detecting redundancy. Part II thoroughly addresses the practical considerations associated with building real-world applications, including information extraction, machine translation, information retrieval/search, summarization, question answering, distillation, processing pipelines, and more. This book contains important new contributions from leading researchers at IBM, Google, Microsoft, Thomson Reuters, BBN, CMU, University of Edinburgh, University of Washington, University of North Texas, and others. Coverage includes Core NLP problems, and today’s best algorithms for attacking them Processing the diverse morphologies present in the world’s languages Uncovering syntactical structure, parsing semantics, using semantic role labeling, and scoring grammaticality Recognizing inferences, subjectivity, and opinion polarity Managing key algorithmic and design tradeoffs in real-world applications Extracting information via mention detection, coreference resolution, and events Building large-scale systems for machine translation, information retrieval, and summarization Answering complex questions through distillation and other advanced techniques Creating dialog systems that leverage advances in speech recognition, synthesis, and dialog management Constructing common infrastructure for multiple multilingual text processing applications This book will be invaluable for all engineers, software developers, researchers, and graduate students who want to process large quantities of text in multiple languages, in any environment: government, corporate, or academic.

Practical Corpus Linguistics

Author : Martin Weisser
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118831888
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Corpus Linguistics by : Martin Weisser

Download or read book Practical Corpus Linguistics written by Martin Weisser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-16 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book of its kind to provide a practical and student-friendly guide to corpus linguistics that explains the nature of electronic data and how it can be collected and analyzed. Designed to equip readers with the technical skills necessary to analyze and interpret language data, both written and (orthographically) transcribed Introduces a number of easy-to-use, yet powerful, free analysis resources consisting of standalone programs and web interfaces for use with Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux Each section includes practical exercises, a list of sources and further reading, and illustrated step-by-step introductions to analysis tools Requires only a basic knowledge of computer concepts in order to develop the specific linguistic analysis skills required for understanding/analyzing corpus data

The Cambridge Dictionary of Linguistics

Author : Keith Brown
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521766753
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (667 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Dictionary of Linguistics by : Keith Brown

Download or read book The Cambridge Dictionary of Linguistics written by Keith Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Dictionary of Linguistics provides concise and clear definitions of all the terms any undergraduate or graduate student is likely to encounter in the study of linguistics and English language or in other degrees involving linguistics, such as modern languages, media studies and translation. lt covers the key areas of syntax, morphology, phonology, phonetics, semantics and pragmatics but also contains terms from discourse analysis, stylistics, historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics and corpus linguistics. It provides entries for 246 languages, including 'major' languages and languages regularly mentioned in research papers and textbooks. Features include cross-referencing between entries and extended entries on some terms. Where appropriate, entries contain illustrative examples from English and other languages and many provide etymologies bringing out the metaphors lying behind the technical terms. Also available is an electronic version of the dictionary which includes 'clickable' cross-referencing.

Analyzing meaning

Author : Paul R. Kroeger
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961101361
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Analyzing meaning by : Paul R. Kroeger

Download or read book Analyzing meaning written by Paul R. Kroeger and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect. Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered. As the title indicates, this book is truly an INTRODUCTION: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics. It is also intended as a reference for fieldworkers doing primary research on under-documented languages, to help them write grammatical descriptions that deal carefully and clearly with semantic issues. The approach adopted here is largely descriptive and non-formal (or, in some places, semi-formal), although some basic logical notation is introduced. The book is written at level which should be appropriate for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. It presupposes some previous coursework in linguistics, but does not presuppose any background in formal logic or set theory.

The Structure of Modern English

Author : Laurel J. Brinton
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027225672
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure of Modern English by : Laurel J. Brinton

Download or read book The Structure of Modern English written by Laurel J. Brinton and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is designed for undergraduate and graduate students interested in contemporary English, especially those whose primary area of interest is English as a second language. Focus is placed exclusively on English data, providing an empirical explication of the structure of the language.