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Reducing The Risk At Small Community Banks
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Book Synopsis Reducing the Risk at Small Community Banks by : William R. Emmons
Download or read book Reducing the Risk at Small Community Banks written by William R. Emmons and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most community banks face relatively high levels of diversifiable credit risk because they have relatively few loan customers (idiosyncratic risk) and are not geographically diversified (local market risk). We simulate mergers among community banks to quantify the relative contributions of idiosyncratic risk and local market risk to the default risk assumed by community banks. We find that the greatest risk-reduction benefits are achieved by increasing a community bank's size, regardless of where the expansion takes place. We interpret this result as evidence that idiosyncratic risk dominates local market risk, especially at rural banks. Community banks face enormous pressure to grow, yet the pressure to geographically diversify is limited. As a consequence, larger community banks are likely to replace smaller community banks, but their focus on relationship lending will not disappear.
Book Synopsis Community Bank Strategic Lending Choices and Performance by : Gary Whalen
Download or read book Community Bank Strategic Lending Choices and Performance written by Gary Whalen and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Most community banks have been unable to increase dramatically the percentage of their revenue coming from non-traditional sources and so remain reliant on the net income generated by traditional intermediation activities. This continued dependence means that the lending strategy chosen by any community bank is a key determinant of its survival. In this study the lending strategies chosen by a sample of 5508 community banks are examined over the 1995 - 2004 period. Links among the chosen strategies, strategic change, and performance are also investigated using both univariate and regression analysis. The analysis of lending strategy trends reveals an increase in the percentage of community banks that emphasize lending to business borrowers and a decrease in the fraction of institutions specializing in loans to non-commercial customers. The data also indicate that the typical community bank changed its lending strategy over the decade, and many did so more than once. Differences in performance are evident across the strategic groups. The results indicate that business real estate lenders earned the highest returns over the decade, but also were the riskiest. When returns are adjusted for risk, a number of lending strategies produced performance exceeding that of business real estate lending, including residential real estate lending, diversified lending, and agricultural lending. The results show that strategic change reduces returns and increases risk, all else equal. The evidence indicates a large performance disadvantage for the smallest community banks regardless of the lending strategy they pursue"--Office of the Comptroller of the Currency web site.
Book Synopsis Collaborative Capitalism in American Cities by : Rashmi Dyal-Chand
Download or read book Collaborative Capitalism in American Cities written by Rashmi Dyal-Chand and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-10 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops a theory of collaborative capitalism that produces economic stability for businesses and workers in American urban cores.
Book Synopsis Is Bigger Necessarily Better in Community Banking? by : Joseph P. Hughes
Download or read book Is Bigger Necessarily Better in Community Banking? written by Joseph P. Hughes and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards by :
Download or read book International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards written by and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 by : United States
Download or read book Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :60 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Lessons Learned from the Financial Crisis Regarding Community Banks by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
Download or read book Lessons Learned from the Financial Crisis Regarding Community Banks written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hazard Model of Camels Downgrades of Low-Risk Community Banks by : Gary Whalen
Download or read book Hazard Model of Camels Downgrades of Low-Risk Community Banks written by Gary Whalen and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 30 years, a great deal of research has investigated the potential usefulness of early warning models as offsite supervisory tools. Accurate offsite models allow bank supervisors to identify high-risk banks at a reasonable length of time prior to marked deterioration in their financial condition, without the use of expensive, time-consuming on-site examinations. This allows scarce examination resources to be used more efficiently and permits supervisory constraints to be imposed or rehabilitative strategies put in place expeditiously and so minimize the risk of costly failures.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Impact of Deregulation, and Privatization Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :256 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis The Impact of Banking Restructuring Proposals on Small Businesses' Access to Credit by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Impact of Deregulation, and Privatization
Download or read book The Impact of Banking Restructuring Proposals on Small Businesses' Access to Credit written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Impact of Deregulation, and Privatization and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Evolution of U.S. Community Banks and Its Impact on Small Business Lending by : Julapa Jagtiani
Download or read book The Evolution of U.S. Community Banks and Its Impact on Small Business Lending written by Julapa Jagtiani and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been increasing concerns about the declining number of community banks and that the acquisitions of community banks by larger banks might result in significant reductions in small business lending (SBL) and disrupt relationship lending. This paper examines the roles and characteristics of U.S. community banks in the past decade, covering the recent economic boom and downturn. We analyze risk characteristics (including the confidential ratings assigned by bank regulators) of acquired community banks, compare pre- and post-acquisition performance and stock market reactions to these acquisitions, and investigate how the acquisitions have affected small business lending. We find that community banks that were merged during the financial crisis period were mostly in poor financial condition and had been rated as unsatisfactory by their regulators on all risk aspects. We also find that the ratio of SBL lending to assets has declined (from 2001 to 2012) for all bank size groups, including community banks. The overall amount of SBL lending tends to increase when the acquirer is a large bank. Our results indicate that mergers involving community bank targets so far have enhanced the overall safety and soundness of the overall banking system and that community bank targets are willing to accept a smaller merger premium (or even a discount) to become a part of a large banking organization. Overall, the decline in the number of community banks during this period does not appear to have adversely impacted SBL lending, and larger bank acquirers have tended to step in and play a larger role in SBL lending.
Book Synopsis Community-Based Landslide Risk Reduction by : Malcolm G. Anderson
Download or read book Community-Based Landslide Risk Reduction written by Malcolm G. Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-01-22 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook details the MoSSaiC (Management of Slope Stability in Communities) methodology, which aims to create behavioral change in vulnerable communities in developing countries. Focusing on maximizing within-country capacity to deliver landslide mitigation measures on the ground, it provides an end-to-end blueprint for the mitigation process.
Book Synopsis Community Banks by : Christopher B. Joseph
Download or read book Community Banks written by Christopher B. Joseph and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of an FDIC Community Banking Study which identifies and explores the issues and questions relating to community banks. To study community banks, it is necessary to define them. In the past, most analysts have used a maximum asset size, often $1 billion. However, using only a size cut-off does not account for industry growth, and the attributes associated with community banks are not exclusively tied to size. The value of community banks has always been associated with the unique combination of services they provide to their customers, as well as the manner in which they do business. Community banks tend to be relationship lenders, characterised by local ownership, local control, and local decision making. By carrying out the traditional banking functions of lending and deposit gathering on a local scale, community banks foster economic growth and help to ensure that the financial resources of the local community are put to work on its behalf. Community banks have always been inextricably connected to entrepreneurship. As of 2011, they held 14 percent of banking industry assets, but 46 percent of the industry's small loans to farms and businesses.
Download or read book FDIC Quarterly written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Too Big to Fail written by Gary H. Stern and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-02-29 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential failure of a large bank presents vexing questions for policymakers. It poses significant risks to other financial institutions, to the financial system as a whole, and possibly to the economic and social order. Because of such fears, policymakers in many countries—developed and less developed, democratic and autocratic—respond by protecting bank creditors from all or some of the losses they otherwise would face. Failing banks are labeled "too big to fail" (or TBTF). This important new book examines the issues surrounding TBTF, explaining why it is a problem and discussing ways of dealing with it more effectively. Gary Stern and Ron Feldman, officers with the Federal Reserve, warn that not enough has been done to reduce creditors' expectations of TBTF protection. Many of the existing pledges and policies meant to convince creditors that they will bear market losses when large banks fail are not credible, resulting in significant net costs to the economy. The authors recommend that policymakers enact a series of reforms to reduce expectations of bailouts when large banks fail.
Book Synopsis The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (Cfpb) by : David Carpenter
Download or read book The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (Cfpb) written by David Carpenter and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title X of the Dodd-Frank Act is entitled the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010 (CFP Act). The CFP Act establishes the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (CFPB or Bureau) within the Federal Reserve System (FRS) with rule making, enforcement, and supervisory powers over many consumer financial products and services, as well as the entities that sell them. The CFP Act significantly enhances federal consumer protection regulatory authority over non depository financial institutions, potentially subjecting them to comparable supervisory, examination, and enforcement standards that have been applicable to depository institutions in the past.
Book Synopsis The Past, Present, and Probable Future for Community Banks by : Robert DeYoung
Download or read book The Past, Present, and Probable Future for Community Banks written by Robert DeYoung and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The large majority of banks and savings institutions are small and community-based. But advances in information technology, new financial instruments, innovations in bank production processes, deregulation, and increased competition have created a less hospitable environment for community banks. The number of community banks is shrinking, along with their shares of loan and deposit markets. By some measures both the number and market share of community banks in the U.S. have approximately halved since 1980. Given these trends, it is natural to wonder if the community bank business model will continue to be viable in the future. The specter of a declining, or perhaps a disappearing, community banking sector has potentially serious implications for local communities, small businesses seeking credit, and by extension the U.S. economy.This paper presents a comprehensive view of the community banking sector in the U.S. in three parts. Each of these three sections includes numerous citations to the recent academic literature, and each is supported by a variety of data from the U.S. banking industry.First, we review the past three decades of change in the U.S. banking system, with a special focus on how deregulation, technological advance, and increased competitive rivalry have affected the size and health of the community banking sector. Second, we use a strategic map approach to develop a theory of how deregulation and technological change have affected the competitive viability of community banks. The theory suggests that this change (a) has exposed community banks to intensified competition that is likely to force many more of them out of the industry, but (b) has also left well-managed community banks with a potentially exploitable strategic position. We show that U.S. banking data over the past three decades supports these theoretical conclusions.Third, we consider the number of community banks that will remain viable in the future. Projecting the future number and size distribution of commercial banks after the U.S. banking industry has fully adjusted to deregulation is a treacherous exercise, and we do not pretend to be able to make accurate point estimates. Rather, we consider the recent financial performance of community banks relative to large banks, and, based on straightforward market principles, suggest which types of community banks, and how many of each type, are most at risk and least at risk going forward.
Book Synopsis The Art of Risk in Community Banks by : Jay Brew
Download or read book The Art of Risk in Community Banks written by Jay Brew and published by . This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pre financial crisis, bankers did not find this book useful. Post-financial crisis, The Art of Risk is mandatory reading for every community bank director and the management team. The duty of a community bank director is to assess risk, set risk parameters, and monitor risk. The Art of Risk profiles the risks that community banks encounter and methods to properly balance these risks. The book further elaborates on "The Mother of All Risk", or credit risk, which can be tied to many of the bank failures in recent history. Post-financial crisis, this text is a must read for directors who want to be educated in their duty to fully understand risk.
