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Reduced Order Modeling And Active Control Of Dry Low Emission Combustion
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Book Synopsis Reduced-order Modeling and Active Control of Dry-low-emission Combustion by : Tongxun Yi
Download or read book Reduced-order Modeling and Active Control of Dry-low-emission Combustion written by Tongxun Yi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is a complementary experimental and theoretical investigation of combustion instability and lean blowout (LBO) in dry-low-emission (DLE) gas turbine engines, aiming to understand the fundamental mechanisms and shed light on active combustion control.
Book Synopsis Active Combustion Control by : Sungbae Park
Download or read book Active Combustion Control written by Sungbae Park and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) is a dump combustor, constructed at University of Maryland, so as to reproduce more realistic ramjet conditions. The third is an industrial swirl-stabilized combustor, constructed at University of Cambridge, to mimic realistic industrial gas combustor configurations which typically include large convective time delays, swirl, and on-line changes in the operating conditions. Results obtained from these three configurations show that through an understanding of the underlying physics and reduced-order modeling, one can design an appropriate actuation, sensing and control algorithm, all of which lead to model-based active control that reduces pressure oscillations to background noise.
Book Synopsis Detailed and Reduced Kinetic Mechanisms in Low-Emission Combustion Processes by : Sylvie Honnet
Download or read book Detailed and Reduced Kinetic Mechanisms in Low-Emission Combustion Processes written by Sylvie Honnet and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007-10-11 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this work is the application of the Representative Interactive Flamelet (RIF) model with detailed and reduced kinetics to describe the combustion processes with low-emission. Chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms are developed. Regarding the application of these mechanisms in the numerical simulation of combustion processes, the description of the formation of nitrous oxide is particularly taken into account. After the introduction in the topic, chapter 2 presents the conservation equations and the description of the turbulent flow and mixing field. The flamelet model and the RIF-concept are described: the chemical reaction kinetics is separately considered from the flow dynamics. This is possible due to the assumption of the existence of a very thin flame layer, in which the chemical processes take place. This flame layer, also considered as laminar in turbulent flows, is called flamelet. The calculation of the ignition, heat release and formation of nitrogen oxide with detailed kinetics is then possible. In chapter 3, a model for the calculation of three-dimensional combustion processes is presented. It is based on the flamelet model. To describe the formation of nitrous oxide, the consideration of the combustion as an unsteady process is very important. This is possible thanks to the use of unsteady flamelets. The flamelets are calculated interactive with the flow solver, each representative for a pathway of particle through the combustion chamber. The statistical way of fluid particle through the combustion chamber is described by the eulerian transport equations. In chapter 4, a chemical reaction mechanism is developed and validated with comparison with experimental results. Special attention is paid to the methane mechanism with consideration of nitrous oxide formation. This mechanism is reduced with steady-state assumptions. Furthermore, a pyrolysis and burnout model are presented, which are used for the simulation of the coal combustion in chapter 5. In chapter 5, simulation results for two different configurations are compared to experimental data. In the MILD combustion chamber, the formation of nitrous oxide is investigated with the use of the detailed and reduced kinetics presented in chapter 4. The Eulerian Particle Flamelet model is completed and used for the simulation of the gaseous phase during the coal combustion. Based on the results, it is shown that the flamelet model, coupled with the detailed and the reduced kinetics, is able to model low-emission combustion processes.
Book Synopsis Turbulent Combustion Modeling by : Tarek Echekki
Download or read book Turbulent Combustion Modeling written by Tarek Echekki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-25 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbulent combustion sits at the interface of two important nonlinear, multiscale phenomena: chemistry and turbulence. Its study is extremely timely in view of the need to develop new combustion technologies in order to address challenges associated with climate change, energy source uncertainty, and air pollution. Despite the fact that modeling of turbulent combustion is a subject that has been researched for a number of years, its complexity implies that key issues are still eluding, and a theoretical description that is accurate enough to make turbulent combustion models rigorous and quantitative for industrial use is still lacking. In this book, prominent experts review most of the available approaches in modeling turbulent combustion, with particular focus on the exploding increase in computational resources that has allowed the simulation of increasingly detailed phenomena. The relevant algorithms are presented, the theoretical methods are explained, and various application examples are given. The book is intended for a relatively broad audience, including seasoned researchers and graduate students in engineering, applied mathematics and computational science, engine designers and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) practitioners, scientists at funding agencies, and anyone wishing to understand the state-of-the-art and the future directions of this scientifically challenging and practically important field.
Book Synopsis Reduced Order Modeling and Suboptimal Control of a Solid Fuel Ignition Model by : Michael Hinze
Download or read book Reduced Order Modeling and Suboptimal Control of a Solid Fuel Ignition Model written by Michael Hinze and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling of Combustion Systems by : Joseph Colannino
Download or read book Modeling of Combustion Systems written by Joseph Colannino and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-24 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing competitive pressure for improved quality and efficiency on one hand and tightening emissions and operating requirements on the other leave the modern process engineer squeezed in the middle. While effective modeling can help balance these demands, the current literature offers overly theoretical treatments on modeling that do not transl
Book Synopsis Active Feedback Control of Combustor Dynamics with Time Delay and Noise by : C. Seywert
Download or read book Active Feedback Control of Combustor Dynamics with Time Delay and Noise written by C. Seywert and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Longitudinal pressure oscillations in a combustion chamber are studied theoretically by means of a low order model obtained by systematic reduction from a complete representation. The formulation is based on the derivation of a generalized wave equation that accommodates the effects of mean flow, combustion, noise and control action. By using spatial averaging, the equations describing the dynamics of the chamber are reduced to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations. The form of the resulting equations is particularly convenient for model reduction and for introducing feedback control terms, while retaining all physical processes. Active feedback control of longitudiual instabilities is then introduced by using the same formulation, rewritten in statespace form. The broad objective of control simulations covered here is to investigate in a unified fashion various aspects of the problem. These include the influences of noise, parameter uncertainties, unmodeled modes and time-delay. A criterion is derived that guarantees the stability of the controlled closed-loop system in the presence of those quantities. The particular controller used here is based on a standard LQR design, but any design technique can be used as long as the stability criterion is fulfilled.
Book Synopsis Combustion Modeling, Cofiring and NOx Control by : Ashwani K. Gupta
Download or read book Combustion Modeling, Cofiring and NOx Control written by Ashwani K. Gupta and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied mechanics reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Model-based Active Control of Thermoacoustic Instability in Continuous Combustion Processes by : Jennifer Weerts Rumsey
Download or read book Model-based Active Control of Thermoacoustic Instability in Continuous Combustion Processes written by Jennifer Weerts Rumsey and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Reduced-Order Models for Engine Applications by : Yunchao Wu
Download or read book Development of Reduced-Order Models for Engine Applications written by Yunchao Wu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed chemical kinetics is critical for accurate prediction of complex flame behaviors, such as ignition and extinction in engine applications, but difficult to be applied in multi-dimensional flame simulations due to their large sizes. Reduced-order models are needed in such cases to enable high fidelity combustion simulations. This dissertation is focused on developing new model reduction strategies and reduced-order models for engine combustion applications. First, a linearized error propagation (LEP) method for skeletal mechanism reduction is proposed. LEP is based on Jacobian analysis of perfectly stirred reactors (PSR) and can more accurately predict the propagation of small reduction errors compared with the previous methods of directed relation graph (DRG) and DRG with error propagation (DRGEP). Skeletal models generated by using LEP are further validated for auto-ignition and 1-D laminar premixed flames to demonstrate the feasibility of reaction state sampling using only PSR for mechanism reduction. Second, a direct method is developed to accurately and efficiently compute the ignition and extinction turning points of PSR by solving a local optimization problem formulated based on analytic Jacobian. It is shown that the direct method features significantly better accuracy and efficiency compared with the continuation methods that march along the S-curves. Third, reduced and skeletal mechanisms for gasoline surrogates with and without ethanol are developed based on a 1389-species detailed mechanism developed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The skeletal reduction was performed with DRG, sensitivity analysis, isomer lumping, and the time-scale based reduction is based on linearized quasi-steady-state approximations. The skeletal and reduced mechanisms are extensively validated against the detailed mechanism and available experimental data for ignition delay time and flame speed. The skeletal mechanism is employed in cooperative fuel research engine simulations and the results agree well with experimental data. Lastly, skeletal mechanisms are generated for three gasoline/bio-blend-stock surrogates respectively based on a 2878-species detailed LLNL mechanism for engine simulations. An upgraded solver combining analytical Jacobian and sparse matrix techniques is employed to accelerate the reduction process, such that the reduction time becomes linearly proportional to the mechanism size and a speedup factor of approximately 100 is achieved.
Book Synopsis Combustion and Emissions Control II by : Institute of Energy
Download or read book Combustion and Emissions Control II written by Institute of Energy and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1996-04-09 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion and Emissions Control II contains 37 papers presented at the Institute of Energy Second International Conference on Combustion and Emissions Control held in London, UK, 4-5 December 1995. Combustion and Emissions Control II features contributions on both fundamental and applied aspects of the science and technology of combustion and emissions control. Topics covered include emissions control and clean-up, energy from waste and biofuels, modelling for industry, plant performance, industrial burners and furnaces, advanced power generation, internal combustion engines. Presenting some of the latest developments in the field, Combustion and Emissions Control II is an invaluable reference tool on a subject of great environmental concern. Published by The Institute of Energy and distributed by Elsevier Science.
Book Synopsis Solid Fuels Combustion and Gasification by : Marcio L. De Souza-Santos
Download or read book Solid Fuels Combustion and Gasification written by Marcio L. De Souza-Santos and published by CRC PressI Llc. This book was released on 2010-03-16 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an increasing number of professionals and graduate students enter the field of solid-based power generation, they all require an command of process and equipment, as well as the theory behind it all. However, their informational needs and understanding differ based on their experience and the task at hand. Solid Fuels Combustion and Gasification: Modeling, Simulation, and Equipment Operations, Second Edition explores evolving solid fuel combustion and gasification techniques that are leading to much lower sulfur and nitrogen oxide emissions. It also shows how to increase the efficiency of processes dealing with materials such as coal, biomass, solid residues, etc. Many of the successes of these methods are the result of process optimization resulting from mathematical modeling and simulation. This book introduces and explores these techniques, taking a moderate approach that is neither too narrow nor too basic, making it useful to graduate students, engineers, and professionals. It illustrates the modeling and constructive and operational aspects of equipment used in combustion and gasification of solid fuels. It was written based on the idea that developing models and computer simulators is the optimal method to acquire real and testable understanding of a subject in the area of processing. Model complexity is extended only as far as needed to achieve a reasonable representation of the equipment described in the book, and the author provides specific and carefully selected case studies that: Cover many industrial processes involving combustion or gasification of solid fuels Provide easy-to-follow examples on how to set simplifying assumptions regarding the operation of real industrial equipment Enable relatively quick introduction of fundamental equations without the need for unnecessarily complex treatments The main strategy of the book is to teach by example, and the basic methods illustrated here can be used for modeling a wide range of processes and equipment commonly found in industry. It is a carefully constructed volume which presents essential concepts that minimize the need for other texts, and it can also be used as an introduction to more complex models.
Author :Timothy C. Lieuwen Publisher :AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics) ISBN 13 : Total Pages :688 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Combustion Instabilities in Gas Turbine Engines by : Timothy C. Lieuwen
Download or read book Combustion Instabilities in Gas Turbine Engines written by Timothy C. Lieuwen and published by AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics). This book was released on 2005 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers gas turbine users and manufacturers a valuable resource to help them sort through issues associated with combustion instabilities. In the last ten years, substantial efforts have been made in the industrial, governmental, and academic communities to understand the unique issues associated with combustion instabilities in low-emission gas turbines. The objective of this book is to compile these results into a series of chapters that address the various facets of the problem. The Case Studies section speaks to specific manufacturer and user experiences with combustion instabilities in the development stage and in fielded turbine engines. The book then goes on to examine The Fundamental Mechanisms, The Combustor Modeling, and Control Approaches.
Book Synopsis Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled by :
Download or read book Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Generating Reduced Mechanisms for Realistic Multi-component Fuel Combustion by : Lara Backer
Download or read book Generating Reduced Mechanisms for Realistic Multi-component Fuel Combustion written by Lara Backer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The race to reduce pollutant emissions from hydrocarbon combustion while simultaneously increasing fuel efficiency and optimizing engine performance calls for the use of numerical simulations in parallel with, or in lieu of, expensive and time-consuming experiments. To explore the efficacy of emerging alternative fuels and additives in numerical simulations and to predict the effects of the fuel description on emissions, the fuel should be treated as one of the optimization parameters. This necessitates an accurate and detailed description of the fuel and its breakdown, as combustion kinetics are exceedingly dependent on fuel constituents. However, the combustion of even a single fuel component can involve hundreds of species and thousands of reactions, requiring prohibitively high CPU times for realistic simulations of complex fuels with detailed chemistry. An advantageous strategy to combat this difficulty is to employ reduced-order modeling by replacing the realistic fuel blend with a simplified description called a surrogate, in tandem with reducing the chemical kinetic mechanism. In recent years, a component library framework has been proposed to facilitate the creation of reduced-order models for practical applications. The idea is that chemical models for single-component fuels can be reduced separately and combined at-will to represent any surrogate blend of interest. However, this approach fails when individual fuel molecules have significant non-linear interactions with one another during combustion, or when the prediction of pollutant formation is of interest, since the kinetics involved strongly depend on the details of the multi-component fuel mixture. In this work, two new strategies are presented to automatically facilitate the generation of compact, reduced-order models for multi-component fuels. The first addresses the drawbacks of the component library framework by efficiently allowing for the automatic creation of reduced fuel component oxidation mechanisms and the addition of secondary pathways of interest onto existing component library modules, directly at the reduced level. The second generates a compact description of multi-component fuel decomposition chemistry, significantly reducing the computational cost of simulating fuels with numerous constituents. Reduced-order models created with these techniques are shown to reproduce the behavior of detailed kinetic models reasonably well. Subsequent studies leverage the strategies presented here to produce reduced kinetic mechanisms for multi-component fuel chemistry. A preliminary analysis highlights relevant combustion regimes and useful canonical problems to consider when reducing models for turbulent combustion applications. Results from this analysis are used to guide the creation of a compact reduced-order model for jet fuel.
