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Redistributive Taxation In Dynamic General Equilibrium With Heterogeneous Agents
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Book Synopsis Redistributive Taxation in Dynamic General Equilibrium with Heterogeneous Agents by : Putz, Christian
Download or read book Redistributive Taxation in Dynamic General Equilibrium with Heterogeneous Agents written by Putz, Christian and published by University of Bamberg Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy with Heterogeneous Agents Macro by : Ozlem Kina
Download or read book Fiscal Policy with Heterogeneous Agents Macro written by Ozlem Kina and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is composed of three essays, and contributes to the literature on optimal design of tax and transfers schemes in heterogeneous agents general equilibrium models. In the first chapter, Redistributive Capital Taxation Revisited, coauthored with Ctirad Slavik and Hakki Yazici, we use a rich quantitative model with endogenous skill acquisition to show that capital-skill complementarity provides a quantitatively significant rationale to tax capital for redistributive governments. The optimal capital income tax rate is 67%, while it is 61% in an identically calibrated model without capital-skill complementarity. The skill premium falls from 1.9 to 1.84 along the transition following the optimal reform in the capital-skill complementarity model, implying substantial indirect redistribution from skilled to unskilled workers. These results show that a redistributive government should take into account capital-skill complementarity when taxing capital. In the second chapter, Optimal Taxation of Automation, I focus on the asymmetric effects of automation on labor markets. I provide a general equilibrium model that distinguishes between low-and high-skill automation to study optimal taxation of those technologies. Low-skill (high-skill) automation generates a downward pressure on low-skill (high-skill) wages. Modeling the two types of automation is important as both are empirically relevant, and each has a different impact on wages of workers with different skill types. I calibrate the model to the US economy along several dimensions, and find that for a given level of technology, it is optimal to distort automation adoption in order to compress wage inequality and increase labor share of income to provide redistribution. In particular, it is optimal to tax low-skill automation while subsidize high-skill automation when the transitional dynamics are taken into account. As a result, consumption inequality and both before and after-tax income inequality decline and labor share of income increases relative to status-quo over transition. In the third chapter, On the Implications of Unemployment Insurance and Universal Basic Income in a Frictional Labor Market, I revisit the efficiency and equality considerations regarding the optimal provision of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits when workers' outside options vary substantially. The chapter aims to make comparisons between UI and universal basic income (UBI) policies to investigate whether UBI could be a tool to improve workers' hand in the wage setting and how transfers to unemployed -UI or UBI - and taxes impact the wage setting outcome across income distribution.
Book Synopsis The New Dynamic Public Finance by : Narayana R. Kocherlakota
Download or read book The New Dynamic Public Finance written by Narayana R. Kocherlakota and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optimal tax design attempts to resolve a well-known trade-off: namely, that high taxes are bad insofar as they discourage people from working, but good to the degree that, by redistributing wealth, they help insure people against productivity shocks. Until recently, however, economic research on this question either ignored people's uncertainty about their future productivities or imposed strong and unrealistic functional form restrictions on taxes. In response to these problems, the new dynamic public finance was developed to study the design of optimal taxes given only minimal restrictions on the set of possible tax instruments, and on the nature of shocks affecting people in the economy. In this book, Narayana Kocherlakota surveys and discusses this exciting new approach to public finance. An important book for advanced PhD courses in public finance and macroeconomics, The New Dynamic Public Finance provides a formal connection between the problem of dynamic optimal taxation and dynamic principal-agent contracting theory. This connection means that the properties of solutions to principal-agent problems can be used to determine the properties of optimal tax systems. The book shows that such optimal tax systems necessarily involve asset income taxes, which may depend in sophisticated ways on current and past labor incomes. It also addresses the implications of this new approach for qualitative properties of optimal monetary policy, optimal government debt policy, and optimal bequest taxes. In addition, the book describes computational methods for approximate calculation of optimal taxes, and discusses possible paths for future research.
Book Synopsis Dynamic General Equilibrium Modeling by : Burkhard Heer
Download or read book Dynamic General Equilibrium Modeling written by Burkhard Heer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-12 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern business cycle theory and growth theory uses stochastic dynamic general equilibrium models. In order to solve these models, economists need to use many mathematical tools. This book presents various methods in order to compute the dynamics of general equilibrium models. In part I, the representative-agent stochastic growth model is solved with the help of value function iteration, linear and linear quadratic approximation methods, parameterised expectations and projection methods. In order to apply these methods, fundamentals from numerical analysis are reviewed in detail. In particular, the book discusses issues that are often neglected in existing work on computational methods, e.g. how to find a good initial value. In part II, the authors discuss methods in order to solve heterogeneous-agent economies. In such economies, the distribution of the individual state variables is endogenous. This part of the book also serves as an introduction to the modern theory of distribution economics. Applications include the dynamics of the income distribution over the business cycle or the overlapping-generations model. In an accompanying home page to this book, computer codes to all applications can be downloaded.
Book Synopsis Taxation, Growth and Fiscal Institutions by : Albert J. Lee
Download or read book Taxation, Growth and Fiscal Institutions written by Albert J. Lee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-07 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The causal relationship between growth and inequality is complex, and there have been many scholarly works to study this relationship since the seminal work of Kuznets in the 1950s. Few recent studies in this field have shown that the nature of relationship is multifaceted and non-linear. In addition to the intrinsic non-linear nature of the relationship, government and institutions play pivotal role in distributing the benefits of growth to reduce inequality. The responsiveness greatly depends upon a country’s initial conditions in terms of inequality and the nature of democracy prevailing in the country. This volume highlights the role of institutions in explaining the gulf between inequality and growth, by applying a dynamic general equilibrium framework and by utilizing econometric techniques. Econometrically two important hypotheses are tested. First, assuming there is no difference in institutions, the growth rate increases as inequality decreases. Second, assuming inequality remains unchanged, improvement in the integrity of fiscal institutions results in higher economic growth. Integrating theoretical and empirical approaches, this volume links crucial economic concepts in a novel way, and goes beyond academic analysis to suggest policy implications, and will serve as a valuable resource for scholars and policymakers alike in the fields of economic growth and development, public policy, and economic modeling.
Book Synopsis Tax and Education Policy in a Heterogeneous-Agent Economy by : Roland Bénabou
Download or read book Tax and Education Policy in a Heterogeneous-Agent Economy written by Roland Bénabou and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the effects of progressive income taxes and education finance in a dynamic heterogeneous-agent economy. Such redistributive policies entail distortions to labor supply and savings, but also serve as partial substitutes for missing credit and insurance markets. The resulting tradeoffs for growth and efficiency are explored, both theoretically and quantitatively, in a model that yields complete analytical solutions. Progressive education finance always leads to higher income growth than taxes and transfers, but at the cost of lower insurance. Overall efficiency is assessed using a new measure that properly reflects aggregate resources and idiosyncratic risks but, unlike a standard social welfare function, does not reward equality per se. Simulations using empirical parameter estimates show that the efficiency costs and benefits of redistribution are generally of the same order of magnitude, resulting in plausible values for the optimal rates. Aggregate income and aggregate welfare provide only crude lower and upper bounds around the true efficiency tradeoff.
Book Synopsis Recursive Macroeconomic Theory by : Lars Ljungqvist
Download or read book Recursive Macroeconomic Theory written by Lars Ljungqvist and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant new edition of a text that offers both tools and sample applications; extensive revisions and seven new chapters improve and expand upon the original treatment.
Book Synopsis Dynamic General Equilibrium Modeling by : Burkhard Heer
Download or read book Dynamic General Equilibrium Modeling written by Burkhard Heer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 943 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary macroeconomics is built upon microeconomic principles, with its most recent advance featuring dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models. The textbook by Heer and Maußner acquaints readers with the essential computational techniques required to tackle these models and employ them for quantitative analysis. This third edition maintains the structure of the second, dividing the content into three separate parts dedicated to representative agent models, heterogeneous agent models, and numerical methods. At the same time, every chapter has been revised and two entirely new chapters have been added. The updated content reflects the latest advances in both numerical methods and their applications in macroeconomics, spanning areas like business-cycle analysis, economic growth theory, distributional economics, monetary and fiscal policy. The two new chapters delve into advanced techniques, including higher-order perturbation, weighted residual methods, and solutions to high-dimensional nonlinear problems. In addition, the authors present further insights from macroeconomic theory, complemented by practical applications like the Smolyak algorithm, Gorman aggregation, rare disaster models and dynamic Laffer curves. Lastly, the new edition places special emphasis on practical implementation across various programming languages; accordingly, its accompanying web page offers examples of computer code for languages such as MATLAB®, GAUSS, Fortran, Julia and Python. "This book does not only an excellent job in explaining the existing tools, but it also teaches the reader on how to write his/her own programs and it provides the reader with the tools to help advance the state of the art of dynamic macroeconomics." Wouter J. Den Haan, London School of Economics ”... provides the reader with exactly the necessary computational tools to solve the dynamic general equilibrium models macroeconomists care about. It is therefore the perfect complement to Stokey, Lucas and Prescott's and Sargent and Ljungqvist's theoretical treatment of modern macroeconomics." Dirk Krueger, University of Pennsylvania.
Book Synopsis Advances in Economics and Econometrics: Volume 2, Applied Economics by : Daron Acemoglu
Download or read book Advances in Economics and Econometrics: Volume 2, Applied Economics written by Daron Acemoglu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second of three volumes containing edited versions of papers and commentaries presented at invited symposium sessions of the Tenth World Congress of the Econometric Society, held in Shanghai in August 2010. The papers summarize and interpret key developments in economics and econometrics, and they discuss future directions for a wide variety of topics, covering both theory and application. Written by the leading specialists in their fields, these volumes provide a unique, accessible survey of progress on the discipline. The first volume primarily addresses economic theory, with specific focuses on nonstandard markets, contracts, decision theory, communication and organizations, epistemics and calibration, and patents.
Author :Econometric Society. World Congress Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :1107016053 Total Pages :567 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (7 download)
Book Synopsis Advances in Economics and Econometrics by : Econometric Society. World Congress
Download or read book Advances in Economics and Econometrics written by Econometric Society. World Congress and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-27 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of edited papers from the Tenth World Congress of the Econometric Society 2010.
Author :Martin Eichenbaum Publisher :University of Chicago Press Journals ISBN 13 :9780226577661 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (776 download)
Book Synopsis NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2017 by : Martin Eichenbaum
Download or read book NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2017 written by Martin Eichenbaum and published by University of Chicago Press Journals. This book was released on 2018-05-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 32 of the NBER Macroeconomics Annual features six theoretical and empirical studies of important issues in contemporary macroeconomics, and a keynote address by former IMF chief economist Olivier Blanchard. In one study, SeHyoun Ahn, Greg Kaplan, Benjamin Moll, Thomas Winberry, and Christian Wolf examine the dynamics of consumption expenditures in non-representative-agent macroeconomic models. In another, John Cochrane asks which macro models most naturally explain the post-financial-crisis macroeconomic environment, which is characterized by the co-existence of low and nonvolatile inflation rates, near-zero short-term interest rates, and an explosion in monetary aggregates. Manuel Adelino, Antoinette Schoar, and Felipe Severino examine the causes of the lending boom that precipitated the recent U.S. financial crisis and Great Recession. Steven Durlauf and Ananth Seshadri investigate whether increases in income inequality cause lower levels of economic mobility and opportunity. Charles Manski explores the formation of expectations, considering the efficacy of directly measuring beliefs through surveys as an alternative to making the assumption of rational expectations. In the final research paper, Efraim Benmelech and Nittai Bergman analyze the sharp declines in debt issuance and the evaporation of market liquidity that coincide with most financial crises. Blanchard’s keynote address discusses which distortions are central to understanding short-run macroeconomic fluctuations.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Computational Economics and Finance by : Shu-Heng Chen
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Computational Economics and Finance written by Shu-Heng Chen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Computational Economics and Finance provides a survey of both the foundations of and recent advances in the frontiers of analysis and action. It is both historically and interdisciplinarily rich and also tightly connected to the rise of digital society. It begins with the conventional view of computational economics, including recent algorithmic development in computing rational expectations, volatility, and general equilibrium. It then moves from traditional computing in economics and finance to recent developments in natural computing, including applications of nature-inspired intelligence, genetic programming, swarm intelligence, and fuzzy logic. Also examined are recent developments of network and agent-based computing in economics. How these approaches are applied is examined in chapters on such subjects as trading robots and automated markets. The last part deals with the epistemology of simulation in its trinity form with the integration of simulation, computation, and dynamics. Distinctive is the focus on natural computationalism and the examination of the implications of intelligent machines for the future of computational economics and finance. Not merely individual robots, but whole integrated systems are extending their "immigration" to the world of Homo sapiens, or symbiogenesis.
Book Synopsis NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2003 by : Mark Gertler
Download or read book NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2003 written by Mark Gertler and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NBER Macroeconomics Annual presents pioneering work in macroeconomics by leading academic researchers to an audience of public policymakers and the academic community. Each commissioned paper is followed by comments and discussion. This year's edition provides a mix of cutting-edge research and policy analysis on such topics as productivity and information technology, the increase in wealth inequality, behavioral economics, and inflation.
Book Synopsis The Economics of Tax Policy by : Alan J. Auerbach
Download or read book The Economics of Tax Policy written by Alan J. Auerbach and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debates about the what, who, and how of tax policy are at the core of politics, policy, and economics. The Economics of Tax Policy provides a straightforward overview of recent research in the economics of taxation. Tax policies generate considerable debate among the public, policymakers, and scholars. These disputes have grown more heated in the United States as the incomes of the wealthiest 1 percent and the rest of the population continue to diverge. This important volume enhances understanding of the implications of taxation on behavior and social outcomes by having leading scholars evaluate key topics in tax policy. These include how changes to the individual income tax affect long-term economic growth; the challenges of tax administration, compliance, and enforcement; and environmental taxation and its effects on tax revenue, pollution emissions, economic efficiency, and income distribution. Also explored are tax expenditures, which are subsidy programs in the form of tax deductions, exclusions, credits, or favorable rates; how college attendance is influenced by tax credits and deductions for tuition and fees, tax-advantaged college savings plans, and student loan interest deductions; and how tax policy toward low-income families takes a number of forms with different distributional effects. Among the most contentious issues explored are influences of capital gains and estate taxation on the long term concentration of wealth; the interaction of tax policy and retirement savings and how policy can "nudge" improved planning for retirement; and how the reform of corporate and business taxation is central to current tax policy debates in the United States. By providing overviews of recent advances in thinking about how taxes relate to behavior and social goals, The Economics of Tax Policy helps inform the debate.
Book Synopsis Dynamic General Equilibrium Modelling by : Burkhard Heer
Download or read book Dynamic General Equilibrium Modelling written by Burkhard Heer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-05 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern business cycle theory and growth theory uses stochastic dynamic general equilibrium models. Many mathematical tools are needed to solve these models. The book presents various methods for computing the dynamics of general equilibrium models. In part I, the representative-agent stochastic growth model is solved with the help of value function iteration, linear and linear quadratic approximation methods, parameterised expectations and projection methods. In order to apply these methods, fundamentals from numerical analysis are reviewed in detail. Part II discusses methods for solving heterogeneous-agent economies. In such economies, the distribution of the individual state variables is endogenous. This part of the book also serves as an introduction to the modern theory of distribution economics. Applications include the dynamics of the income distribution over the business cycle or the overlapping-generations model. Through an accompanying home page to this book, computer codes to all applications can be downloaded.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Mexican Economy by : Roy Boyd
Download or read book Understanding the Mexican Economy written by Roy Boyd and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2018-11-06 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a full, historical, economic, and political context through which to understand the actions of the people and government of Mexico, and it gives insights into how those actions impinge -- and might continue to impinge -- on the United States.
Book Synopsis For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation by : Mr. Andrew Berg
Download or read book For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation written by Mr. Andrew Berg and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many studies predict massive job losses and real wage decline as a result of the ongoing widespread automation of production, a trend that may be further aggravated by the COVID-19 crisis. Yet automation is also expected to raise productivity and output. How can we share the gains from automation more widely, for the benefit of all? And what are the attendant equity-efficiency trade-offs? We analyze this issue by considering the effects of fiscal policies that seek to redistribute the gains from automation and address income inequality. We use a dynamic general equilibrium model with monopolistic competition, including a novel specification linking corporate power to automation. While fiscal policy cannot eliminate the classic equity-efficiency trade-offs, it can help improve them, reducing inequality at small or no loss of output. This is particularly so when policy takes advantage of novel, less distortive transmission channels of fiscal policy created by the empirically observed link between corporate market power and automation.
