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Reason In Context
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Book Synopsis Reason in Context by : American Catholic Philosophical Association. Meeting
Download or read book Reason in Context written by American Catholic Philosophical Association. Meeting and published by Philosophy Documentation Center. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling and Use of Context in Action by : Patrick Brézillon
Download or read book Modeling and Use of Context in Action written by Patrick Brézillon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-21 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together current research and adopts a pragmatic approach to modeling and using context to solve real-world problems. The editors were instrumental in creating - and continue to be involved in - the interdisciplinary research community, centered around the biennial CONTEXT (International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Modeling and Using Context) conference series, focused on studying context and its implications for artificial intelligence, software applications, psychology, philosophy, linguistics, neuroscience, as well as other fields. The first three chapters lay the foundations, looking at the lessons learned over the past 25 years and arguing for a continued shift toward more pragmatic approaches. The remaining chapters contain contributions to pragmatic context-based research from a wide range of domains, including technological problems - such as subway incident management and autonomous underwater vehicle control - identifying emotions from speech without understanding the words, anonymization in a world where privacy is increasingly threatened, teaching in context and improving management teaching in a business school.
Download or read book Action in Context written by Anton Leist and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-02-13 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book illustrates the concept of action in three different contexts - the justification of actions, people's life history, and pragmatism. The special feature of this book is that a comprehensive view of this kind marks a departure from the atomistic approach of action theory, which in itself raises a number of questions. If actions are not justified by mental states, how can persons then act for reasons? How can persons' actions over time be described, and what is the connection with the question of personal identity? If there is to be a unified understanding of the person, does the practical have to take precedence over the theoretical, and what does this mean for epistemology, for example? The ten contributors to this volume engage in an instructive manner with these and similar questions in the three sections of the book.
Book Synopsis Making Arguments by : Edmond H. Weiss
Download or read book Making Arguments written by Edmond H. Weiss and published by eBookIt.com. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making Arguments: Reason in Context offers a new approach to the teaching of argumentation and debate. Nearly all argumentation courses and textbooks tilt toward one of two extremes: * Critical thinking/informal logic, in which the "laws" of reasoning are universal and not affected by audience or context * Public speaking, in which adaptation to the audience and winning assent trumps logic and reasoning At the first extreme are texts that stress flaws in arguments and how to discern them. Their focus tends to be on the logic (making deductive inferences and avoiding deductive mistakes or other errors of inference) and/or the recognition of fallacies (deficient or fake arguments). They also deal with the messy ambiguities of language. Generally, this approach omits the concept of an audience. And it does not explain how spotting the flaws in reasoning, or improving one's reasoning, translates into the ability to make an effective argument. Further, it is not clear how to address audiences whose grasp of logic is shaky. At the other extreme are books (especially public speaking textbooks) that err in the opposite direction. They are fixated on audience. As a result, their advice about how to argue is grounded in audience adaptation. In fact, the process of reasoning is nearly subordinated to such secondary considerations as style, delivery, and organization. And again, the connection between critical thinking/logic and audience is rarely examined. In Making Arguments, we propose to consider argument at the nexus of invention and judgment, the two endpoints from which logic and public speaking examine argumentation, respectively. By looking at the "stuff" that comes between an argument's design and its delivery, we hope to enrich the understanding and the study of argument, as both a theoretical and applied discipline. In particular, we want to answer some questions that are seldom addressed in print: * What is the starting point for augmentation? When do we even need to argue? * When should one embrace, and when should one avoid, arguing? * Why does the same argument work in one place and fail in another? * Are most audiences capable of understanding a complex argument? * With what authority can one make an argument--absent expertise in the field in which the argument takes place? * Are there substantive differences between oral and written argument? * What does it mean to "present" an argument? * Can someone control the argumentative situation/context to the benefit of his/her position? * How can argument educate and improve the arguer? * Can we learn the "truth" by arguing? This book addresses the whole advocacy process as a series of concatenated intellectual decisions affecting how arguments are created, ordered, rendered, and produced--with judgment as the over-arching concern.
Book Synopsis Freedom and Responsibility in Context by : Ann Whittle
Download or read book Freedom and Responsibility in Context written by Ann Whittle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom and Responsibility in Context argues for a contextualist account of freedom and moral responsibility. It aims to challenge the largely unarticulated orthodoxy of invariantism, by arguing that contextualism is crucial to an understanding of both freedom and moral responsibility. The argument for contextualism regarding freedom and moral responsibility focuses upon their respective control conditions. Abilities are argued to be central to an understanding of the control required for freedom and moral responsibility. A unified, ability analysis of control is developed, which supports the thesis that attributions of freedom and moral responsibility are context dependent. The resulting contextualism offers a rapprochement of compatibilism and incompatibilism. By going beyond the false dichotomy of invariant compatibilism and invariant incompatibilism, it is argued that both positions can be given their due, since there is no 'right' answer to the question of whether or not determinism undermines freedom and moral responsibility.
Book Synopsis Theologies of the Gospel in Context by : David Schnasa Jacobsen
Download or read book Theologies of the Gospel in Context written by David Schnasa Jacobsen and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2017-08-25 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many preachers and teachers of preaching talk about the gospel; few name it. Theologies of the Gospel in Context assembles a gifted group of homileticians who think that preachers need to be able to articulate the gospel not "in general," but in a certain time and place, in context. They consider what gospel sounds like for people under oppression, in capitalist economies, in neocolonial contexts, for survivors of trauma, and for disestablished mainline churches marred by racism. Preachers will appreciate these preacher/scholars' desire to articulate the gospel with clarity, especially since the term is so often left unexplained. Homileticians will see a new genre of doing their work as teachers and researchers in preaching: a vision that helps preaching see itself not just as an adjunct to exegesis or communication, but a place of doing theology. In these pages homiletics is more than technique, it is a truly theological discipline.
Book Synopsis Context-Aware Pervasive Systems by : Seng Loke
Download or read book Context-Aware Pervasive Systems written by Seng Loke and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-12-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of aware systems is among the most exciting trends in computing today, fueled by recent developments in pervasive computing, including new computers worn by users, embedded devices, smart appliances, sensors, and varieties of wireless networking technology. Context-Aware Pervasive Systems: The Architecture of a New Breed of Applications introduces a diverse set of application areas and provides blueprints for building context-aware behavior into applications. Reviewing the anatomy of context-aware pervasive applications, this resource covers abstract architecture. It examines mobile services, appliances, smart devices, software agents, electronic communication, sensor networks, security frameworks, and intelligent software agents. The book also discusses the use of context awareness for communication among people, devices, and software agents and how sensors can be aware of their own situations. Exploring the use of physical context for controlling and enhancing security in pervasive computing environments, this guide addresses mirror worlds and elucidates design perspectives based on a declarative programming language paradigm. This carefully paced volume presents a timely and relevant introduction to the emergence of context-aware systems and brings together architectures and principles of context-aware computing in one source.
Book Synopsis The Dilemma of Context by : Ben-Ami Scharfstein
Download or read book The Dilemma of Context written by Ben-Ami Scharfstein and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1989-07-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Dilemma of Context, Scharfstein contends that the problems encountered with context are insoluble. He explains why this problem lays an intellectual burden on us that, while remaining inescapable,can become so heavy it destroys the understandingit was created to further.
Download or read book Reason Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Federal Courts in Context by : Erwin Chemerinsky
Download or read book Federal Courts in Context written by Erwin Chemerinsky and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2023-06-23 with total page 1698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal Courts deservedly has the reputation of being an exceptionally difficult course, and this book is designed to make it accessible to students by providing the context of cases and doctrines, as well as explaining their relevance to the issues being litigated in the 21st century. Federal Courts in Context supports what pedagogic research calls “deep learning.” It does so by framing federal jurisdiction and structural constitutional law using clear, concise explanations of the social and historical context of canonical cases to reveal the concrete stakes of traditional debates about federal judicial power. The result is an engaging, accessible, and richly textured account of the subject supporting not only more sophisticated doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis, but also the necessary foundation for inclusive pedagogy in the training of diverse 21st century lawyers. The focus is on canonical cases and their context rather than notoriously dense treatise-like material common to other books in the field. The book is also organized to dovetail with Erwin Chemerinsky’s Federal Jurisdiction to maximize the accessibility of the casebook content and learning outcomes. Benefits for instructors and students: Structured to pair with the most commonly used secondary reference in the field, Erwin Chemerinsky’s Federal Jurisdiction Focuses on canonical cases and excerpts rather than long, dense notes and treatise-like material Directly addresses the structural constitutional significance of the Civil War, Reconstruction Amendments, and the retreat from Reconstruction for federalism, the modern Court’s federalism revival, and separation of powers Makes explicit the influences of Indian Removal, allotment, and the late nineteenth century extension of American empire on doctrines of sovereignty, jurisdiction, plenary power, and non-Article III courts Provides interdisciplinary contextualization of the labor movement, the New Deal, and the reproductive rights movement to enrich analysis of reverse-Erie cases, the rise of the administrative state, agency adjudication, and standing Marries doctrinal and theoretical precision about the course’s core concepts (federalism, separation of powers, the Supremacy Clause, and jurisdiction) with legal realist sensibilities and attention to how ordinary people are affected by structural constitutional law, rather than abstractions, Socratic questions without answers, or other pedagogic techniques divorced from the research on deep learning
Book Synopsis Contextuality in Practical Reason by : A. W. Price
Download or read book Contextuality in Practical Reason written by A. W. Price and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A.W. Price explores the varying ways in which context is relevant to our reasoning about what to do. He investigates the role of context in practical inferences, practical judgements, and the ascription of reasons for action.
Book Synopsis Madness and the Romantic Poet by : James Whitehead
Download or read book Madness and the Romantic Poet written by James Whitehead and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-21 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Madness and the Romantic Poet examines the longstanding and enduringly popular idea that poetry is connected to madness and mental illness. The idea goes back to classical antiquity, but it was given new life at the turn of the nineteenth century. The book offers a new and much more complete history of its development than has previously been attempted, alongside important associated ideas about individual genius, creativity, the emotions, rationality, and the mind in extreme states or disorder - ideas that have been pervasive in modern popular culture. More specifically, the book tells the story of the initial growth and wider dissemination of the idea of the 'Romantic mad poet' in the nineteenth century, how (and why) this idea became so popular, and how it interacted with the very different fortunes in reception and reputation of Romantic poets, their poetry, and attacks on or defences of Romanticism as a cultural trend generally - again leaving a popular legacy that endured into the twentieth century. Material covered includes nineteenth-century journalism, early literary criticism, biography, medical and psychiatric literature, and poetry. A wide range of scientific (and pseudoscientific) thinkers are discussed alongside major Romantic authors, including Wordsworth, Coleridge, Blake, Hazlitt, Lamb, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Keats, Byron, and John Clare. Using this array of sources and figures, the book asks: was the Romantic mad genius just a sentimental stereotype or a romantic myth? Or does its long popularity tell us something serious about Romanticism and the role it has played, or has been given, in modern culture?
Book Synopsis Suárez’s Metaphysics in Its Historical and Systematic Context by : Lukáš Novák
Download or read book Suárez’s Metaphysics in Its Historical and Systematic Context written by Lukáš Novák and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-08-29 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the importance of Francisco Suárez has been, for some time already, generally recognized even outside the circles of historians of scholasticism, the wider context of his thought – i.e., the rich and diverse Renaissance and Baroque scholasticism – remains largely unexplored. This book is an attempt to contribute to the quest of putting Suárez’s metaphysics (a mere fragment of the whole of his intellectual legacy) into context, historical and systematic. Being the fruit of an international conference held in Prague in October 2008, it puts together a systematically ordered selection of papers devoted to general and specific topics of Suárezian metaphysics, with special respect to its sources and further impact. Part One explores in the first place the notion of being and the nature of metaphysics in general; Part Two then deals with more specific metaphysical topics such as the problem of universals, causality, relations, and God. The book will be of value not just to Suárez-scholars, but to anyone interested in the history of ideas in general and in the the intricacies of metaphysical thought at the verge of modernity in particular.
Book Synopsis Context in Communication: A Cognitive View by : Gabriella Airenti
Download or read book Context in Communication: A Cognitive View written by Gabriella Airenti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Context is what contributes to interpret a communicative act beyond the spoken words. It provides information essential to clarify the intentions of a speaker, and thus to identify the actual meaning of an utterance. A large amount of research in Pragmatics has shown how wide-ranging and multifaceted this concept can be. Context spans from the preceding words in a conversation to the general knowledge that the interlocutors supposedly share, from the perceived environment to features and traits that the participants in a dialogue attribute to each other. This last category is also very broad, since it includes mental and emotional states, together with culturally constructed knowledge, such as the reciprocal identification of social roles and positions. The assumption of a cognitive point of view brings to the foreground a number of new questions regarding how information about the context is organized in the mind and how this kind of knowledge is used in specific communicative situations. A related, very important question concerns the role played in this process by theory of mind abilities (ToM), both in typical and atypical populations. In this Research Topic, we bring together articles that address different aspects of context analysis from theoretical and empirical perspectives, integrating knowledge and methods derived from Philosophy of language, Linguistics, Cognitive Science, Cognitive Neuroscience, Developmental and Clinical Psychology.
Book Synopsis Vagueness in Context by : Stewart Shapiro
Download or read book Vagueness in Context written by Stewart Shapiro and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2006-01-05 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stewart Shapiro's aim in Vagueness in Context is to develop both a philosophical and a formal, model-theoretic account of the meaning, function, and logic of vague terms in an idealized version of a natural language like English. It is a commonplace that the extensions of vague terms vary with such contextual factors as the comparison class and paradigm cases. A person can be tall with respect to male accountants and not tall (even short) with respect to professionalbasketball players. The main feature of Shapiro's account is that the extensions (and anti-extensions) of vague terms also vary in the course of a conversation, even after the external contextual features, such as the comparison class, are fixed. A central thesis is that in some cases, a competent speaker ofthe language can go either way in the borderline area of a vague predicate without sinning against the meaning of the words and the non-linguistic facts. Shapiro calls this open texture, borrowing the term from Friedrich Waismann.The formal model theory has a similar structure to the supervaluationist approach, employing the notion of a sharpening of a base interpretation. In line with the philosophical account, however, the notion of super-truth does not play a central role in the development of validity. The ultimate goal of the technical aspects of the work is to delimit a plausible notion of logical consequence, and to explore what happens with the sorites paradox.Later chapters deal with what passes for higher-order vagueness - vagueness in the notions of 'determinacy' and 'borderline' - and with vague singular terms, or objects. In each case, the philosophical picture is developed by extending and modifying the original account. This is followed with modifications to the model theory and the central meta-theorems.As Shapiro sees it, vagueness is a linguistic phenomenon, due to the kinds of languages that humans speak. But vagueness is also due to the world we find ourselves in, as we try to communicate features of it to each other. Vagueness is also due to the kinds of beings we are. There is no need to blame the phenomenon on any one of those aspects.
Book Synopsis Context-Dependence, Perspective and Relativity by : Francois Recanati
Download or read book Context-Dependence, Perspective and Relativity written by Francois Recanati and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2010-08-31 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together original papers by linguists and philosophers on the role of context and perspective in language and thought. Several contributions are concerned with the contextualism/relativism debate, which has loomed large in recent philosophical discussions. In a substantial introduction, the editors survey the field and map out the relevant issues and positions.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Using Context by : Gábor Bella
Download or read book Modeling and Using Context written by Gábor Bella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 11th International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Modeling and Using Context, CONTEXT 2019, held in Trento, Italy, in November 2019. The 20 full papers and 4 invited talks presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. The papers feature research in a wide range of disciplines related to issues of context and contextual knowledge and discuss commonalities across and differences between the disciplines' approaches to the study of context. They cover a large spectrum of fields, including philosophy of language and of science, computational papers on context-aware information systems, artificial intelligence, and computational linguistics, as well as cognitive and social sciences.
