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Readings In Machine Translation
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Book Synopsis Readings in Machine Translation by : Sergei Nirenburg
Download or read book Readings in Machine Translation written by Sergei Nirenburg and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of machine translation (MT) - the automation of translation between human languages - has existed for more than 50 years. MT helped to usher in the field of computational linguistics and has influenced methods and applications in knowledge representation, information theory, and mathematical statistics.
Book Synopsis Computers and Translation by : H. L. Somers
Download or read book Computers and Translation written by H. L. Somers and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for translators and other professional linguists, this work attempts to clarify, explain and exemplify the impact that computers have had and are having on their profession. The book concerns machine translation, computer-aided translation and the future of translation and the computer.
Book Synopsis Neural Machine Translation by : Philipp Koehn
Download or read book Neural Machine Translation written by Philipp Koehn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-18 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to build machine translation systems with deep learning from the ground up, from basic concepts to cutting-edge research.
Book Synopsis Quality Estimation for Machine Translation by : Lucia Specia
Download or read book Quality Estimation for Machine Translation written by Lucia Specia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many applications within natural language processing involve performing text-to-text transformations, i.e., given a text in natural language as input, systems are required to produce a version of this text (e.g., a translation), also in natural language, as output. Automatically evaluating the output of such systems is an important component in developing text-to-text applications. Two approaches have been proposed for this problem: (i) to compare the system outputs against one or more reference outputs using string matching-based evaluation metrics and (ii) to build models based on human feedback to predict the quality of system outputs without reference texts. Despite their popularity, reference-based evaluation metrics are faced with the challenge that multiple good (and bad) quality outputs can be produced by text-to-text approaches for the same input. This variation is very hard to capture, even with multiple reference texts. In addition, reference-based metrics cannot be used in production (e.g., online machine translation systems), when systems are expected to produce outputs for any unseen input. In this book, we focus on the second set of metrics, so-called Quality Estimation (QE) metrics, where the goal is to provide an estimate on how good or reliable the texts produced by an application are without access to gold-standard outputs. QE enables different types of evaluation that can target different types of users and applications. Machine learning techniques are used to build QE models with various types of quality labels and explicit features or learnt representations, which can then predict the quality of unseen system outputs. This book describes the topic of QE for text-to-text applications, covering quality labels, features, algorithms, evaluation, uses, and state-of-the-art approaches. It focuses on machine translation as application, since this represents most of the QE work done to date. It also briefly describes QE for several other applications, including text simplification, text summarization, grammatical error correction, and natural language generation.
Book Synopsis Readings in Automatic Language Processing by : David G. Hays
Download or read book Readings in Automatic Language Processing written by David G. Hays and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : Sergei Nirenburg
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Sergei Nirenburg and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1992 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All over the world, people are claiming their rights. Are these claims prompted by similar values and aspirations? And even if human rights are universal, what are the consequences of claiming them in different historical, cultural and material realities? The diversity of African countries considered in this book compels careful thought about these questions.
Book Synopsis Critical Readings in Translation Studies by : Mona Baker
Download or read book Critical Readings in Translation Studies written by Mona Baker and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an integrated and structured set of progressive readings from translation and related disciplines, which provides a comprehensive overview of the field and how it is developing.
Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : Bozena Henisz-Dostert
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Bozena Henisz-Dostert and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.
Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : Thierry Poibeau
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Thierry Poibeau and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and major players in the industry. The dream of a universal translation device goes back many decades, long before Douglas Adams's fictional Babel fish provided this service in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. Since the advent of computers, research has focused on the design of digital machine translation tools—computer programs capable of automatically translating a text from a source language to a target language. This has become one of the most fundamental tasks of artificial intelligence. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and market potential. The main approaches are presented from a largely historical perspective and in an intuitive manner, allowing the reader to understand the main principles without knowing the mathematical details. The book begins by discussing problems that must be solved during the development of a machine translation system and offering a brief overview of the evolution of the field. It then takes up the history of machine translation in more detail, describing its pre-digital beginnings, rule-based approaches, the 1966 ALPAC (Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee) report and its consequences, the advent of parallel corpora, the example-based paradigm, the statistical paradigm, the segment-based approach, the introduction of more linguistic knowledge into the systems, and the latest approaches based on deep learning. Finally, it considers evaluation challenges and the commercial status of the field, including activities by such major players as Google and Systran.
Book Synopsis Machine Translation and Translation Theory by : Christa Hauenschild
Download or read book Machine Translation and Translation Theory written by Christa Hauenschild and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series serves to propagate investigations into language usage, especially with respect to computational support. This includes all forms of text handling activity, not only interlingual translations, but also conversions carried out in response to different communicative tasks. Among the major topics are problems of text transfer and the interplay between human and machine activities.
Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : Sergei Nirenburg
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Sergei Nirenburg and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book devoted exclusively to knowledge-based machine translation. While most approaches to the machine translation for natural languages seek ways to translate source language texts into target language texts without full understanding of the text, knowledge-based machine translation is based on extracting and representing the meaning of the source text. It is scientifically the most challenging approach to the task of machine translation, and significant progress has been achieved within it in recent years. The authors introduce the general paradigm of knowledge-based MT, survey major recent developments, compare it with other approaches and present a paradigmatic view of its component processes
Book Synopsis Machine Translation: From Real Users to Research by : Robert E. Frederking
Download or read book Machine Translation: From Real Users to Research written by Robert E. Frederking and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-09-21 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The previous conference in this series (AMTA 2002) took up the theme “From Research to Real Users”, and sought to explore why recent research on data-driven machine translation didn’t seem to be moving to the marketplace. As it turned out, the ?rst commercial products of the data-driven research movement were just over the horizon, andintheinterveningtwoyearstheyhavebeguntoappearinthemarketplace. Atthesame time,rule-basedmachinetranslationsystemsareintroducingdata-driventechniquesinto the mix in their products. Machine translation as a software application has a 50-year history. There are an increasing number of exciting deployments of MT, many of which will be exhibited and discussed at the conference. But the scale of commercial use has never approached the estimates of the latent demand. In light of this, we reversed the question from AMTA 2002, to look at the next step in the path to commercial success for MT. We took user needs as our theme, and explored how or whether market requirements are feeding into research programs. The transition of research discoveries to practical use involves te- nicalquestionsthatarenotassexyasthosethathavedriventheresearchcommunityand research funding. Important product issues such as system customizability, computing resource requirements, and usability and ?tness for particular tasks need to engage the creativeenergiesofallpartsofourcommunity,especiallyresearch,aswemovemachine translation from a niche application to a more pervasive language conversion process. Thesetopicswereaddressedattheconferencethroughthepaperscontainedinthesep- ceedings, and even more speci?cally through several invited presentations and panels.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation by : M. Carl
Download or read book Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation written by M. Carl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation is of relevance to researchers and program developers in the field of Machine Translation and especially Example-Based Machine Translation, bilingual text processing and cross-linguistic information retrieval. It is also of interest to translation technologists and localisation professionals. Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation fills a void, because it is the first book to tackle the issue of EBMT in depth. It gives a state-of-the-art overview of EBMT techniques and provides a coherent structure in which all aspects of EBMT are embedded. Its contributions are written by long-standing researchers in the field of MT in general, and EBMT in particular. This book can be used in graduate-level courses in machine translation and statistical NLP.
Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : Pushpak Bhattacharyya
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Pushpak Bhattacharyya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-04 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compares and contrasts the principles and practices of rule-based machine translation (RBMT), statistical machine translation (SMT), and example-based machine translation (EBMT). Presenting numerous examples, the text introduces language divergence as the fundamental challenge to machine translation, emphasizes and works out word alignment, explores IBM models of machine translation, covers the mathematics of phrase-based SMT, provides complete walk-throughs of the working of interlingua-based and transfer-based RBMT, and analyzes EBMT, showing how translation parts can be extracted and recombined to automatically translate a new input.
Book Synopsis Neural Machine Translation by : Philipp Koehn
Download or read book Neural Machine Translation written by Philipp Koehn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-18 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep learning is revolutionizing how machine translation systems are built today. This book introduces the challenge of machine translation and evaluation - including historical, linguistic, and applied context -- then develops the core deep learning methods used for natural language applications. Code examples in Python give readers a hands-on blueprint for understanding and implementing their own machine translation systems. The book also provides extensive coverage of machine learning tricks, issues involved in handling various forms of data, model enhancements, and current challenges and methods for analysis and visualization. Summaries of the current research in the field make this a state-of-the-art textbook for undergraduate and graduate classes, as well as an essential reference for researchers and developers interested in other applications of neural methods in the broader field of human language processing.
Book Synopsis Translation Engines: Techniques for Machine Translation by : Arturo Trujillo
Download or read book Translation Engines: Techniques for Machine Translation written by Arturo Trujillo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine translation (MT) is the area of computer science and applied linguistics dealing with the translation of human languages such as English and German. MT on the Internet has become an important tool by providing fast, economical and useful translations. With globalisation and expanding trade, demand for translation is set to grow. Translation Engines covers theoretical and practical aspects of MT, both classic and new, including: - Character sets and formatting languages - Translation memory - Linguistic and computational foundations - Basic computational linguistic techniques - Transfer and interlingua MT - Evaluation Software accompanies the text, providing readers with hands on experience of the main algorithms.
Book Synopsis Machine Translation with Minimal Reliance on Parallel Resources by : George Tambouratzis
Download or read book Machine Translation with Minimal Reliance on Parallel Resources written by George Tambouratzis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-09 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unified view on a new methodology for Machine Translation (MT). This methodology extracts information from widely available resources (extensive monolingual corpora) while only assuming the existence of a very limited parallel corpus, thus having a unique starting point to Statistical Machine Translation (SMT). In this book, a detailed presentation of the methodology principles and system architecture is followed by a series of experiments, where the proposed system is compared to other MT systems using a set of established metrics including BLEU, NIST, Meteor and TER. Additionally, a free-to-use code is available, that allows the creation of new MT systems. The volume is addressed to both language professionals and researchers. Prerequisites for the readers are very limited and include a basic understanding of the machine translation as well as of the basic tools of natural language processing.
