Raw Materials Supply Chain for Rubber Products

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Author :
Publisher : Hanser Pub Incorporated
ISBN 13 : 9781569905371
Total Pages : 582 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Raw Materials Supply Chain for Rubber Products by : John S. Dick

Download or read book Raw Materials Supply Chain for Rubber Products written by John S. Dick and published by Hanser Pub Incorporated. This book was released on 2014-06-30 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rubber industry is a vital part of the world economy. In this age of constantly changing economics and raw material "shortages of the week," this book should help the reader understand the overall technical and economic problems that are emerging which are beginning to affect the overall availability of many raw materials, chemical intermediates and final rubber products on the world scene. This book is truly unique in that it is the only one that traces all the important organic and inorganic synthesis routes for the manufacture of synthetic rubbers, various fillers, plasticizers, oils, curatives, antidegradants, adhesion promoters, flame retardants, tackifiers, and blowing agents through their respective intermediates to the base raw materials from earth extractions and agriculture.

Rubber Products Manufacturing Technology

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351417894
Total Pages : 932 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Rubber Products Manufacturing Technology by : AnilK. Bhowmick

Download or read book Rubber Products Manufacturing Technology written by AnilK. Bhowmick and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides authoritative coverage of compounding, mixing, calendering, extrusion, vulcanization, rubber bonding, computer-aided design and manufacturing, automation and control using microprocessors, just-in-time technology and rubber plant waste disposal.

Sustainable Industrial Engineering along Product-Service Life Cycle/Supply Chain

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Author :
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036514872
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Industrial Engineering along Product-Service Life Cycle/Supply Chain by : João Carlos de Oliveira Matias

Download or read book Sustainable Industrial Engineering along Product-Service Life Cycle/Supply Chain written by João Carlos de Oliveira Matias and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-25 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable industrial engineering addresses the sustainability issue from economic, environmental, and social points of view. Its application fields are the whole value chain and lifecycle of products/services, from the development to the end-of-life stages. This book aims to address many of the challenges faced by industrial organizations and supply chains to become more sustainable through reinventing their processes and practices, by continuously incorporating sustainability guidelines and practices in their decisions, such as circular economy, collaboration with suppliers and customers, using information technologies and systems, tracking their products’ life-cycle, using optimization methods to reduce resource use, and to apply new management paradigms to help mitigate many of the wastes that exist across organizations and supply chains. This book will be of interest to the fast-growing body of academics studying and researching sustainability, as well as to industry managers involved in sustainability management.

Transforming Government Supply Chain Management

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742534209
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming Government Supply Chain Management by : Jacques S. Gansler

Download or read book Transforming Government Supply Chain Management written by Jacques S. Gansler and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the commercial sector has been rapidly adopting modern, information-based supply chain systems--in order to remain competitive in the worldwide marketplace--the shift to such systems in the public sector has met with significant resistance and has moved far more slowly. Transforming Government Supply Chain Management provides the insights and expertise to overcoming this inertia. In the first half of the book, the editors provide a primer on supply chain management, an overview of innovative practices and tools, and a blueprint for government-wide transformation. The second half consists of 10 case studies of public and private sector "success stories."

Natural rubber and climate change: a policy paper

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Author :
Publisher : CIFOR
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Natural rubber and climate change: a policy paper by : Pinizzotto, S.

Download or read book Natural rubber and climate change: a policy paper written by Pinizzotto, S. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rubber Products

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Author :
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110667401
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Rubber Products by : Bireswar Banerjee

Download or read book Rubber Products written by Bireswar Banerjee and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2024-04-22 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber Products describes cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies in the field of rubber. The book covers rubber compounding, innovations in rubber-based products, devulcanisation of cured rubber and provides lean management techniques. It explains the commercial advantages of graphene-rubber nanocomposites, details the morphology of most common reinforcing carbon blacks and explores innovative applications of rubber in automotive and Defence sectors. The title is also discussing potential alternative technologies which could disrupt the rubber industry in the future. All chapters are written by prominent rubber scientists from both the industry and academia.

Using Simulation Tools to Model Renewable Resources

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319558161
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Using Simulation Tools to Model Renewable Resources by : Janya Chanchaichujit

Download or read book Using Simulation Tools to Model Renewable Resources written by Janya Chanchaichujit and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-27 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed study of the Thai rubber industry and its utilisation of renewable resources, focussing on the use of open source software in building supply chain models. By describing elements that the supply chain is composed of and relating this to Thailand’s rubber industry, the authors then outline the construction of a Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model and use open source software to model renewable resources in this particular supply chain. Emphasis is placed on the way that modelling can aid the important decision-making required in the exploitation of natural resources. By taking a hands-on approach and offering a valuable guide for readers, this book not only appeals to academics in the fields of industrial engineering, operations, logistics and supply chain management, but also to practitioners, policy-makers and associations involved in the rubber industry.

Review and Assessment of the Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth Triangle Economic Corridors

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Author :
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292697056
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Review and Assessment of the Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth Triangle Economic Corridors by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Review and Assessment of the Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth Triangle Economic Corridors written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2023-04-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth Triangle (IMT-GT) comprises five priority economic corridors that are key geographic areas for subregional economic cooperation under the IMT-GT. This Indonesia country report presents the findings of a study that reviewed and assessed the four economic corridors that directly connect to Sumatera. The report provides data and analysis on these four corridors with a focus on physical connectivity, cross border trade, and value chains. The report also discusses how the corridors could be reconfigured to expand their reach into more Indonesian provinces and proposes the route for a new economic corridor.

Material System Analysis of Nine Raw Materials

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789276377689
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (776 download)

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Book Synopsis Material System Analysis of Nine Raw Materials by :

Download or read book Material System Analysis of Nine Raw Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consistent information on raw material value chains is key for sustainable resources management, to guarantee supply of raw materials and strengthen the EU industry competitiveness. The European Commission launched the development of Material System Analysis (MSA) studies in 2015, to assess the flows of materials through the EU economy, including extraction, stock accumulation and end-of-life management e.g., through disposal or recovery in the EU. The MSA studies consider the entire life cycle of a selected material. This highlights hotspots and bottlenecks in a material value chain. Awareness of weak points in the value chain can guide actions designed to increase the resilience of the supply chain, also in the face of disrupting events. MSA, by virtue of accounting for materials in stock, can also help identifying opportunities to source materials from urban mine or waste streams, allowing to improve the overall circularity of the EU. The systemic view of the MSA also lends itself to develop and support scenarios and outlooks. The current report includes the MSA for the raw materials: barytes, bismuth, hafnium, helium, natural rubber, elemental phosphorus, scandium, tantalum and vanadium. These materials have been or are considered critical raw materials in the EU. The materials cycles analysed show a very strong dependence on imports along the value chain. The EU is highly dependent on imports of primary materials and intermediate products and has a consolidated manufacturing stage for all the materials analysed (except for helium). The EU is efficient in collecting end-of-life products, however most of the targeted materials are lost due to in-use dissipation, non-functional recycling, or disposal in other waste streams. This indicates that the EU is not yet able to decrease its dependency of primary material using secondary materials domestically recycled. However, for some materials (e.g. elemental phosphorus) significant efforts are undertaken to change this situation in the future to improve the EU circularity. The developed MSA are comprehensive datasets that may provide crucial knowledge to help the development and monitoring of EU polices including: the EU list of Critical Raw Materials, the new EU Industrial Strategy, the Green Deal transition plan, the EU Raw Materials Initiative and the EU Circular Economy Action Plan.

Natural and Synthetic Rubber: Perspectives for the Seventies

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural and Synthetic Rubber: Perspectives for the Seventies by : Economic and Scientific Research Foundation (India)

Download or read book Natural and Synthetic Rubber: Perspectives for the Seventies written by Economic and Scientific Research Foundation (India) and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Life Cycle Assessment: New Developments And Multi-disciplinary Applications

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Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811245819
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Life Cycle Assessment: New Developments And Multi-disciplinary Applications by : Hsien Hui Khoo

Download or read book Life Cycle Assessment: New Developments And Multi-disciplinary Applications written by Hsien Hui Khoo and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life cycle assessment (LCA) is internationally accepted as a core topic in the field of environmental management in various industries for obtaining a complete picture of the environmental impacts of products or processes. In contrast to other types of environmental management tools or sustainability assessment methods, LCA methodologies take a holistic approach to include all relevant processes starting from the extraction of natural resources to various manufacturing stages that lead to the final product.Following an evidence-approach, LCA is underpinned by quantitative methodologies to study real-world problems and uncover 'hidden' impacts beyond the conventional boundary of a single-stage manufacturing system, to develop sustainable strategies that consider regional or global production chains.This book offers multi-disciplinary perspectives of new LCA developments and applications, spanning from data variability to ecosystem services, plus the evaluation of the net greenhouse gas from Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) methods and waste management. Perspectives of green chemistry principles via LCA, combined with life cycle atom economy approaches are explored. Industrial symbiosis concepts, LCA as an Entrepreneurial Tool for Business Management and Green Innovations, and blockchain-enabled LCA are also presented.

The Rise and Fall of the Amazon Rubber Industry

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351717944
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise and Fall of the Amazon Rubber Industry by : Stephen Nugent

Download or read book The Rise and Fall of the Amazon Rubber Industry written by Stephen Nugent and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-05 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this engaging book, Stephen Nugent offers an in-depth historical anthropology of a widely recognised feature of the Amazon region, examining the dramatic rise and fall of the rubber industry. He considers rubber in the Amazon from the perspective of a long-term extractive industry that linked remote forest tappers to technical innovations central to the industrial transformation of Europe and North America, emphasizing the links between the social landscape of Amazonia and the global economy. Through a critical examination focused on the rubber industry, Nugent addresses myths that continue to influence perceptions of Amazonia. The book challenges widely held assumptions about the hyper-naturalism of the ‘lost world’ of the Amazon where ‘the challenge of the tropics’ is still to be faced and the ‘frontiers of development’ are still to be settled. It is relevant for students and scholars of anthropology, Latin American studies, history, political ecology, geography and development studies.

Optimization Supply Chain Strategy of Tire Manufacturing Using Goal Programming Method

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Optimization Supply Chain Strategy of Tire Manufacturing Using Goal Programming Method by : Kartika N Alfina

Download or read book Optimization Supply Chain Strategy of Tire Manufacturing Using Goal Programming Method written by Kartika N Alfina and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pressure of the supply chain to reduce cost, manage shortened order-to-delivery cycles, ensure a highly efficient logistics network to store, and distribute finish products are some of the key challenges that the tire industry faces. Besides those challenges, tire manufacturers still have to deal with raw material supply, particularly natural rubber as the unique material. The natural rubber is common for all products that produce by tire manufacturers such as commercial tires and consumer tires. This paper focuses on creating the most efficient supply chain strategy in tire manufacturing by managing all constraints, including the natural rubber supply. The aims are to find the best scenario from a natural rubber that has been processed then become the valuable products that bring gain for the company. In this paper, 11 scenarios are created to determine the combination of all products that fit with the gaining profit and calculated using Goal Programming Method to find minimum deviation between the target value and all constraints. The data source used in this research based on last three years from one of largest tire manufacturing in southeast Asia. The results show that the most effective strategy is to optimize the supply of natural rubber to produce passenger car radial tires and truck & bus radial tires. This strategy has the most significant gap between the net sales and the cost of goods sold, as well as the smallest variation of inventory and transportation costs in the baseline scenario.

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Economic Management and Green Development

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811905649
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Economic Management and Green Development by : Xiaolong Li

Download or read book Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Economic Management and Green Development written by Xiaolong Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-04 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings consist of papers accepted by the 5th ICEMGD, which are carefully selected and reviewed by professional reviewers from corresponding research fields and the editing committee of the conference. The papers have a diverse range of topics situated at the intersecting field of Economic Management, Public Administration and Green Development. ICEMGD is working to provide a platform for international participants from fields like macro- and microeconomics, international economics, finance, agricultural economics, health economics, business management and marketing strategies, regional development studies, social governance, and sustainable development. This proceedings volume, together with the conference, looks forward to spark inspirations and promote collaborations. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, professionals and policy makers in the field of economic management, public administration, and development studies. Due to COVID-19, ICEMGD was held online on 12-17 August, 2021.

Intelligent Systems in Production Engineering and Maintenance III

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031442822
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligent Systems in Production Engineering and Maintenance III by : Anna Burduk

Download or read book Intelligent Systems in Production Engineering and Maintenance III written by Anna Burduk and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-28 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on intelligent methods and solutions in engineering production and maintenance. It describes advanced tools for optimizing production processes, increasing their automation, safety and sustainability. Contributions cover different stages of the production process, such as product design, supply chain, and equipment maintenance and safety. This is one of the two volumes based on the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Systems in Production Engineering and Maintenance, ISPEM 2023, held on September 13-15, 2023, in Wroclaw, Poland.

254 Industrial Plants & Machinery Businesses

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Publisher : M M Infocare
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 558 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis 254 Industrial Plants & Machinery Businesses by : Mansoor Muallim

Download or read book 254 Industrial Plants & Machinery Businesses written by Mansoor Muallim and published by M M Infocare. This book was released on with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mini Cement Plant 1. Market Overview: The global mini cement plant industry has witnessed substantial growth in recent years. Cement is a fundamental building material, and mini cement plants have gained popularity due to their cost-effectiveness and versatility. The market for mini cement plants is driven by increasing urbanization, infrastructural development, and construction activities worldwide. 2. Market Segmentation: The mini cement plant market can be segmented based on the following factors: • Type of Cement: Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), and others. • Application: Residential, Commercial, Industrial, and Infrastructure. • Region: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. 3. Regional Analysis: • North America: Steady demand due to renovation and infrastructure projects. • Europe: Robust construction activities in Eastern Europe. • Asia-Pacific: Dominates the market, driven by rapid urbanization and industrialization. • Latin America: Increasing housing projects and government investments. • Middle East & Africa: Growing construction in the Middle East region. 4. Market Drivers: • Urbanization: Rising urban populations create demand for housing and infrastructure. • Government Initiatives: Government investments in infrastructure development. • Sustainability: Mini cement plants are seen as more environmentally friendly. • Low Capital Investment: Smaller plants require less initial investment. 5. Market Challenges: • Environmental Concerns: Emissions and resource consumption. • Competitive Landscape: Intense competition among market players. • Fluctuating Raw Material Prices: Impacting production costs. • Regulatory Compliance: Stringent environmental regulations. 6. Opportunities: • Technological Advancements: Improved production processes. • Green Cement: Development and use of eco-friendly cement. • Global Expansion: Expanding into emerging markets. • Infrastructure Investments: Mega projects and smart cities. 7. Future Outlook: The future of the mini cement plant industry looks promising: • Sustainability: More focus on sustainable practices. • Infrastructure Development: Continued growth in emerging markets. • Technological Innovation: Adoption of advanced manufacturing technologies. • Market Expansion: Penetration into untapped regions. Conclusion: The global mini cement plant industry is poised for sustained growth driven by urbanization, infrastructure development, and environmental concerns. Despite challenges such as regulatory compliance and competitive pressures, opportunities in technological innovation and green cement production are expected to shape the industry's future. Market players should focus on sustainability and global expansion to thrive in this dynamic and competitive landscape. Agro-Based Processing Machinery 1. Market Overview: The agro-based processing machinery industry plays a pivotal role in modern agriculture and food processing. This sector encompasses a wide range of machinery and equipment used for processing agricultural products, from planting to packaging. The global agro-based processing machinery market has witnessed significant growth due to increasing demand for processed foods, the need for agricultural efficiency, and the adoption of mechanization in farming practices worldwide. 2. Market Segmentation: The agro-based processing machinery market can be segmented based on various factors: • Product Type: Harvesting Machinery, Threshing and Sorting Machinery, Milling Machinery, and Packaging Machinery. • Application: Crop Farming, Animal Husbandry, and Food Processing. • Region: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. 3. Regional Analysis: • North America: Advanced technology adoption and precision farming. • Europe: High demand for quality food products and sustainable farming. • Asia-Pacific: Dominates the market due to large-scale agriculture. • Latin America: Growing focus on export-oriented agriculture. • Middle East & Africa: Increasing investments in modernizing agriculture. 4. Market Drivers: • Rising Global Population: Increased food demand necessitates efficient processing. • Technological Advancements: Automation and IoT in agriculture. • Urbanization: Shift in dietary preferences toward processed foods. • Government Initiatives: Support for modernizing farming practices. 5. Market Challenges: • High Initial Investment: Cost of machinery can be a barrier for small farmers. • Infrastructure Gaps: Limited access to electricity and transportation in some regions. • Maintenance and Repairs: Ensuring machinery uptime and efficiency. • Environmental Concerns: Sustainable and eco-friendly machinery demand. 6. Opportunities: • Precision Farming: Integration of technology for improved crop yields. • Customization: Tailored machinery for specific crops and regions. • Export Potential: Meeting global demand for processed agro-products. 7. Future Outlook: The future of the agro-based processing machinery industry is promising: • Digital Farming: Integration of AI, IoT, and data analytics. • Sustainable Practices: Eco-friendly machinery and processes. • Global Expansion: Exploring untapped markets in developing regions. • Farm-to-Table Traceability: Meeting consumer demands for transparency. Conclusion: The agro-based processing machinery sector is integral to modern agriculture and food production. As global food demand continues to rise, the industry is poised for sustained growth. To thrive in this competitive landscape, companies should focus on innovation, sustainability, and customization to meet the diverse needs of farmers and processors worldwide. Additionally, addressing the challenges of accessibility and environmental impact will be crucial for long-term success in this evolving market.

Handbook on Rubber and Allied Products (with Project Profiles) (Photostate Edition)

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Author :
Publisher : NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
ISBN 13 : 9381039267
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Rubber and Allied Products (with Project Profiles) (Photostate Edition) by : NPCS Board

Download or read book Handbook on Rubber and Allied Products (with Project Profiles) (Photostate Edition) written by NPCS Board and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (LIMITED EDITION- ONLY PHOTOSTAT COPY AVAILABLE) Rubber products industry is an important resource based industry sector in India. Over the last decade the rubber industry has witnesses a steady and strong growth. Rubber exhibits unique physical and chemical properties. Rubber & 39;s stress-strain behavior exhibits the Mullins effect and the Payne effect, and is often modeled as hyperelastic. Rubber strain crystallizes. Owing to the presence of a double bond in each repeat unit, rubber is susceptible to vulcanisation and sensitive to ozone cracking. The two main solvents for rubber are turpentine and naphtha (petroleum). The former has been in use since 1764 when François Fresnau made the discovery. Giovanni Fabbroni is credited with the discovery of naphtha as a rubber solvent in 1779. Because rubber does not dissolve easily, the material is finely divided by shredding prior to its immersion. Rubber particles are formed in the cytoplasm of specialized latex-producing cells called laticifers within rubber plants. Rubber particles are surrounded by a single phospholipid membrane with hydrophobic tails pointed inward. The membrane allows biosynthetic proteins to be sequestered at the Surface of the growing rubber particle, which allows new monomeric units to be added from outside the biomembrane, but within the lacticifer. The rubber particle is an enzymatically active entity that contains three layers of material, the rubber particle, a biomembrane, and free monomeric units. The monomer adds to the pyrophosphate end of the growing polymer. The process displaces the terminal high-energy pyrophosphate. The reaction produces a cis polymer. The initiation step is catalyzed by prenyltransferase, which converts three monomers of isopentenyl pyrophosphate into farnesyl pyrophosphate. The farnesyl pyrophosphate can bind to rubber transferase to elongate a new rubber polymer. The major contents of this book are project profiles of projects like Processing of Crude Rubber, Latex Rubber Foam Products, Rubber Floor Mats, Latex Rubber Threads, Rubber Compounding for Automotive Industry, Rubber Gaskets, Reclaim Rubber, Rubber Powder from Waste Tyre, Carbon Black from Waste Tyre Pyrolysis, Equipments used in Rubber Industry. Project profile contains information like; Introduction, Uses and Applications, Properties, Manufacturing Process, Plant Economics, Rated Plant Capacity, Plant & Machinery, Fixed Capital, Raw Material, Total Working Capital, Cost of Project, Total Capital Investment, Turn Over/ Annum, Profit Sales Ratio, Rate of Return, Break Even Point (B.E.P). This book is very useful for new entrepreneurs, technical institutions, existing units and technocrats etc.