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Author : Robert L. Arrington
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Rationalism, Realism, and Relativism written by Robert L. Arrington and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert L. Arrington
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501745409
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Rationalism, Realism, and Relativism written by Robert L. Arrington and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1970s and 1980s, the field of ethics underwent a profound change in perspective from noncognitivism to cognitivism regarding moral judgments and reasoning. Although metaethical noncognitivism had been the predominant point of view during the previous three decades, a series of attacks had undermined its authority by the 1970s, and it gave way to the cognitivist belief that moral judgments have truth values. This book provides a descriptive and critical guide to the often bewildering scene that resulted from these controversies in contemporary moral epistemology.
Author : Howard Sankey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 042977611X
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)
Download or read book Rationality, Relativism and Incommensurability written by Howard Sankey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1997, this volume brings together a series of essays on the philosophy of science and responds to the "crisis of rationality" which evolved from the denial of both a stable methodology and a common language for science. Howard Sankey holds that important insights about scientific methodology and rationality may be gleaned from the historical approach, from which the existence of profound conceptual change in science, as well as the absence of a neutral observation language, are important findings. Half of Sankey’s essays concentrate specifically on the thesis that alternative scientific theories are incommensurable due to semantic differences between the vocabulary in which they are expressed. Several others seek to derive a new way of thinking about scientific rationality from the historical critique of the idea of a fixed scientific method. Still others demonstrate how some seemingly relativistic themes of the historical approach may be embraced in a non-relativistic manner within the context of a pluralistic and naturalistic theory of scientific methodology and rationality.
Author : I.C. Jarvie
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317401182
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book Rationality and Relativism written by I.C. Jarvie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-03 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropology revolves round answers to problems about the nature, development and unity of mankind; problems that are both philosophical and scientific. In this book, first published in 1984, Professor Jarvie applies Popper’s philosophy of science to understanding the history and theory of anthropology. Jarvie describes how the ancient view that the aim of science and philosophy was to get at the truth is challenged in anthropology by the doctrine of cultural relativism; that is, that truth varies with the cultural framework. He shows how philosophers as various as Peter Winch, W.V.O. Quine, W.T. Jones, Nelson Goodman and Richard Rorty were influenced by this doctrine. Yet these philosophers also accept the value of rational argument. Jarvie believes that there is a contradiction between relativism and any notion of human rationality that centres around argument. Forced by the contradiction to choose between rationality and relativism, he argues strongly that logical, scientific and moral considerations favour rationality and urge repudiation of relativism. The central argument of the book is that relativism is intellectually disastrous and has fostered intellectual attitudes from which anthropology still suffers.
Author : Paul O'Grady
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317489829
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book Relativism written by Paul O'Grady and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The issue of relativism looms large in many contemporary discussions of knowledge, reality, society, religion, culture and gender. Is truth relative? To what extent is knowledge dependent on context? Are there different logics? Do different cultures and societies see the world differently? And is reality itself something that is constructed? This book offers a path through these debates. O'Grady begins by clarifying what exactly relativism is and how it differs from scepticism and pluralism. He then examines five main types of cognitive relativism: alethic relativism, logical relativism, ontological relativism; epistemological relativism, and relativism about rationality. Each is clearly distinguised and the arguments for and against each are assessed. O'Grady offers a welcome survey of recent debates, engaging with the work of Davidson, Devitt, Kuhn, Putnam, Quine, Rorty, Searle, Winch and Wittgenstein, among others, and he offers a distinct position of his own on this hotly contested issue.
Author : Alan Musgrave
Publisher : Rodopi
ISBN 13 : 9789042004184
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Essays on Realism and Rationalism written by Alan Musgrave and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 1999 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of essays (1971-1999) centering on the philosophy of science. Musgrave, a philosopher whose academic affiliations are not given, defends realism, partly from an appeal to common sense. He discusses anti-realist trends in Anglo-American philosophy (Wittgenstein, instrumentalism, construc
Author : Joseph Margolis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400943628
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Rationality, Relativism and the Human Sciences written by Joseph Margolis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Greater Philadelphia Philosophy Consortium was launched in the early eighties. It began during a particularly lean period in the American economy. But its success is linked as much to the need to be in touch with the rapidly changing currents of the philosophical climate as with the need to insure an adequately stocked professional community in the Philadelphia area faced, perhaps permanently, with the threat of increasing attrition. The member schools of the Consortium now include Bryn Mawr College, the University of Pennsylvania, Temple University, and Villanova University, that is, the schools of the area that offer advanced degrees in philosophy. The philosophy faculties of these schools form the core of the Consortium, which offers graduate students the instructional and library facilities of each member school. The Consortium is also supported by the associated faculties of other regional schools that do not offer advanced degrees - notably, those at Drexel University, Haverford College, La Salle University, and Swarthmore College - both philosophers and members of other departments as well as interested and professionally qualified persons from the entire region. The affiliated and core professionals now number several hundreds, and the Consortium's various ventures have been received most enthusiastically by the academic community. At this moment, the Consortium is planning its fifth year of what it calls the Conferences on the Philosophy of the Human Studies.
Author : Martin Hollis
Publisher : Mit Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262580618
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Rationality and Relativism written by Martin Hollis and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors represent the complete spectrum of positions between a relativism that challenges the very concept of a single world and the idea that there are ascertainable, objective universals.
Author : Edward Pols
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801427107
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (271 download)
Download or read book Radical Realism written by Edward Pols and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this eloquent and original book, Edward Pols challenges the linguistic consensus that has dominated Anglo-American philosophy in this century. Against the consensus assumption that the only reality question is about the relation between language and the real, he argues that philosophy is about the world and not merely about the propositional structures we use to interpret the world. The heart of his "radical realism" is that the relation between the knower and the real is prior to the relation between language and the real, and that in this prior relation we are capable of knowing directly a reality independent of the human mind.
Author : Ernest Sosa
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631233848
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (338 download)
Download or read book Philosophical Issues, Realism and Relativism written by Ernest Sosa and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2003-01-17 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers papers by many of the best-known philosophers now at work on issues of realism and relativism across the field of philosophy. The result is representative of the best cutting-edge work in the area. Includes work both on the ontology and epistemology of the normative as well as on more general metaphysical and epistemological issues of relativism and realism Essays include discussions of relativism and the first-person perspective, underdetermination and realism, and mathematical realism and epistemic relativism, plus many other points of reflection
Author : Paul K. Feyerabend
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521316422
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (164 download)
Download or read book Realism, Rationalism and Scientific Method: Volume 1 written by Paul K. Feyerabend and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past thirty years Paul Feyerabend has developed an extremely distinctive and influentical approach to problems in the philosophy of science. The most important and seminal of his published essays are collected here in two volumes, with new introductions to provide an overview and historical perspective on the discussions of each part. Volume 1 presents papers on the interpretation of scientific theories, together with papers applying the views developed to particular problems in philosophy and physics. The essays in volume 2 examine the origin and history of an abstract rationalism, as well as its consequences for the philosophy of science and methods of scientific research. Professor Feyerabend argues with great force and imagination for a comprehensive and opportunistic pluralism. In doing so he draws on extensive knowledge of scientific history and practice, and he is alert always to the wider philosophical, practical and political implications of conflicting views. These two volumes fully display the variety of his ideas, and confirm the originality and significance of his work.
Author : Diederick Raven
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000675114
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)
Download or read book Cognitive Relativism and Social Science written by Diederick Raven and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern epistomology has been dominated by an empiricist theory of knowledge that assumes a direct individualistic relationship between the knowing subject and the object of knowledge. Truth is held to be universal, and non-individualistic social and cultural factors are considered sources of distortion of true knowledge. Since the late 1950s, this view has been challenged by a cognitive relativism asserting that what is true is socially conditioned. This volume examines the far-reaching implications of this development for the social sciences.Recently, cognitive relativism has become a key issue of debate in anthropology, philosophy, and sociology. In anthropology this is illustrated by a growing awareness of the similarity of all systems of knowledge. In philosophy it is exemplified by the realization that traditional monolithic and absolutist concepts of truth have increasingly lost any power to make sense and to convince. In sociology it is visible in a renewal of interest in a general sociology of knowledge. Yet, in spite of this convergence of interests, practitioners of these three disciplines have on the whole shown no inclination to reach a consensus on the terms of reference that could facilitate an interdisciplinary approach.Cognitive Relativism and Social Science aims to do just this. It is a working assumption of this volume that, as far as the subject of cognitive relativism is concerned, anthropologists, philosophers, and sociologists should join forces rather than try to deal with the challenges of cognitive relativism within strictly imposed boundaries that normally separate academic disciplines. Only when they work together will it be possible to treat the problems posed by cognitive relativism in an adequate way. This volume provides the results of attempts to communicate on cognitve relativism across disciplinary boundaries. This is must reading in the philosophy of social science and in social research theory.
Author : Robert Kirk
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134619898
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)
Download or read book Relativism and Reality written by Robert Kirk and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our thoughts about the world are clearly influenced by such things as point of view, temperament, past experience and culture. However, some thinkers go much further and argue that everything that exists depends on us, arguing that 'even reality is relative'. Can we accept such a claim in the face of events such as floods and other natural disasters or events seemingly beyond our control? 'Realists' argue that reality is independent of out thinking. 'Relativists' disagree, arguing that what there is depends on our point of view. Which is right? Robert Kirk provides a crystal clear account of this debate from the Greek philosophers to Wittgenstein and Rorty. Along the way, he unpacks some of the more complicated issues surrounding ideas of objectivity, subjectivity, pragmatism and realism essential for those beginning any study of philosphy.
Author : Nenad Miscevic
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442658932
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)
Download or read book Rationality and Cognition written by Nenad Miscevic and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2000-12-15 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive science has posed some radical challenges to philosophy in recent years, particularly in the study of the cognitive activities and capacities of individuals. Many philosophers have taken up the challenge, and one result has been the emergence of a radical new wave of relativism, one that assaults the credibility of rationalist views. In this book Nenad Mis̆c̆ević defends naturalistic rationalism against these recent relativist attacks. The book begins with an excellent introduction to cognitive science, and goes on to create a searching defence of human rationality and of a traditional role for truth in epistemology. Mis̆c̆ević presents a critical scrutiny of the relativism championed by Stephen Stich and Paul Churchland and their followers, showing that it not only exaggerates the subversive impact of science, but relies on its links with naturalism for much of its crediblity. His careful dissection of relativist arguments establishes the main outlines of a positive rationalistic picture that is both original and convincing.
Author : Ruth Groff
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134312938
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)
Download or read book Critical Realism, Post-positivism and the Possibility of Knowledge written by Ruth Groff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-07-31 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groff defends 'realism about causality' through close discussions of Kant, Hilary Putnam, Brian Ellis and Charles Taylor, among others. In so doing she affirms critical realism, but with several important qualifications. In particular, she rejects the theory of truth advanced by Roy Bhaskar. She also attempts to both clarify and correct earlier critical realist attempts to apply realism about causality to the social sciences. By connecting issues in metaphysics and philosophy of science to the problem of relativism, Groff bridges the gap between the philosophical literature and broader debates surrounding socio-political theory and poststructuralist thought. This unique approach will make the book of interest to philosophers and socio-political theorists alike.
Author : Edward Gleason Spaulding
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 558 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The New Rationalism written by Edward Gleason Spaulding and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nenad Miščević
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780802080288
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (82 download)
Download or read book Rationality and Cognition written by Nenad Miščević and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive science has posed some radical challenges to philosophy in recent years, particularly in the study of the cognitive activities and capacities of individuals. One result has been the emergence of a radical new wave of relativism. In this book, Miscevic defends naturalistic rationalism against these relativist attacks.
