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Author : Franz Eisenführ
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783642028519
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (285 download)
Download or read book Rational Decision Making written by Franz Eisenführ and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frédéric Adam
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000543102
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)
Download or read book Rational Decisions in Organisations written by Frédéric Adam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managers in organisations must make rational decisions. Rational decision making is the opposite of intuitive decision making. It is a strict procedure utilising objective knowledge and logic. It involves identifying the problem to solve, gathering facts, identifying options and outcomes, analysing them, considering all the relationships and selecting the decision. Rational decision making requires support: methods and software tools. The identification of the problem to solve needs methods that would measure and evaluate the current situation. Identification and evaluation of options and analysis of the available possibilities involves analysis and optimisation methods. Incorporating intuition into rational decision making needs adequate methods that would translate ideas or observed behaviours into hard data. Communication, observation and opinions recording is hardly possible today without adequate software. Information and data that form the input, intermediate variables and the output must be stored, managed and made accessible in a user-friendly manner. Rational Decisions in Organisations: Theoretical and Practical Aspects presents selected recent developments in the support of the widely understood rational decision making in organisations, illustrated through case studies. The book shows not only the variety of perspectives involved in decision making, but also the variety of domains where rational decision support systems are needed. The case studies present decision making by medical doctors, students and managers of various universities, IT project teams, construction companies, banks and small and large manufacturing companies. Covering the richness of relationships in which the decisions should and must be taken, the book illustrates how modern organisations operate in chains and networks; they have multiple responsibilities, including social, legal, business and ethical duties. Nowadays, managers in organisations can make transparent decisions and consider a multitude of stakeholders and their diverse features, incorporating diverse criteria, using multiple types and drivers of information and decision-making patterns, and referring to numerous lessons learned. As the book makes clear, the marriage of theoretical ideas with the possibilities offered by technology can make the decisions in organisations more rational and, at the same time, more human.
Author : Gerd Gigerenzer
Publisher : Evolution and Cognition
ISBN 13 : 019939007X
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)
Download or read book Simply Rational written by Gerd Gigerenzer and published by Evolution and Cognition. This book was released on 2015 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical illiteracy can have an enormously negative impact on decision making. This volume of collected papers brings together applied and theoretical research on risks and decision making across the fields of medicine, psychology, and economics. Collectively, the essays demonstrate why the frame in which statistics are communicated is essential for broader understanding and sound decision making, and that understanding risks and uncertainty has wide-reaching implications for daily life. Gerd Gigerenzer provides a lucid review and catalog of concrete instances of heuristics, or rules of thumb, that people and animals rely on to make decisions under uncertainty, explaining why these are very often more rational than probability models. After a critical look at behavioral theories that do not model actual psychological processes, the book concludes with a call for a heuristic revolution that will enable us to understand the ecological rationality of both statistics and heuristics, and bring a dose of sanity to the study of rationality.
Author : Reid Hastie
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412959039
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Rational Choice in an Uncertain World written by Reid Hastie and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Second Edition of Rational Choice in an Uncertain World the authors compare the basic principles of rationality with actual behaviour in making decisions. They describe theories and research findings from the field of judgment and decision making in a non-technical manner, using anecdotes as a teaching device. Intended as an introductory textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, the material not only is of scholarly interest but is practical as well. The Second Edition includes: - more coverage on the role of emotions, happiness, and general well-being in decisions - a summary of the new research on the neuroscience of decision processes - more discussion of the adaptive value of (non-rational heuristics) - expansion of the graphics for decision trees, probability trees, and Venn diagrams.
Author : Ken Binmore
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400833094
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Rational Decisions written by Ken Binmore and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2008-12-29 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely held that Bayesian decision theory is the final word on how a rational person should make decisions. However, Leonard Savage--the inventor of Bayesian decision theory--argued that it would be ridiculous to use his theory outside the kind of small world in which it is always possible to "look before you leap." If taken seriously, this view makes Bayesian decision theory inappropriate for the large worlds of scientific discovery and macroeconomic enterprise. When is it correct to use Bayesian decision theory--and when does it need to be modified? Using a minimum of mathematics, Rational Decisions clearly explains the foundations of Bayesian decision theory and shows why Savage restricted the theory's application to small worlds. The book is a wide-ranging exploration of standard theories of choice and belief under risk and uncertainty. Ken Binmore discusses the various philosophical attitudes related to the nature of probability and offers resolutions to paradoxes believed to hinder further progress. In arguing that the Bayesian approach to knowledge is inadequate in a large world, Binmore proposes an extension to Bayesian decision theory--allowing the idea of a mixed strategy in game theory to be expanded to a larger set of what Binmore refers to as "muddled" strategies. Written by one of the world's leading game theorists, Rational Decisions is the touchstone for anyone needing a concise, accessible, and expert view on Bayesian decision making.
Author : John L. Pollock
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199838860
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)
Download or read book Thinking about Acting written by John L. Pollock and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-07-27 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Pollock aims to construct a theory of rational decision making for real agents--not ideal agents. Real agents have limited cognitive powers, but traditional theories of rationality have applied only to idealized agents that lack such constraints. Pollock argues that theories of ideal rationality are largely irrelevant to the decision making of real agents. Thinking about Acting aims to provide a theory of "real rationality."
Author : Tshilidzi Marwala
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319114247
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Rational Decision Making written by Tshilidzi Marwala and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops insights into solving complex problems in engineering, biomedical sciences, social science and economics based on artificial intelligence. Some of the problems studied are in interstate conflict, credit scoring, breast cancer diagnosis, condition monitoring, wine testing, image processing and optical character recognition. The author discusses and applies the concept of flexibly-bounded rationality which prescribes that the bounds in Nobel Laureate Herbert Simon’s bounded rationality theory are flexible due to advanced signal processing techniques, Moore’s Law and artificial intelligence. Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Rational Decision Making examines and defines the concepts of causal and correlation machines and applies the transmission theory of causality as a defining factor that distinguishes causality from correlation. It develops the theory of rational counterfactuals which are defined as counterfactuals that are intended to maximize the attainment of a particular goal within the context of a bounded rational decision making process. Furthermore, it studies four methods for dealing with irrelevant information in decision making: Theory of the marginalization of irrelevant information Principal component analysis Independent component analysis Automatic relevance determination method In addition it studies the concept of group decision making and various ways of effecting group decision making within the context of artificial intelligence. Rich in methods of artificial intelligence including rough sets, neural networks, support vector machines, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing, incremental learning and fuzzy networks, this book will be welcomed by researchers and students working in these areas.
Author : Mary Zey
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)
Download or read book Decision Making written by Mary Zey and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1992-06-22 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevailing, highly conservative rational choice theories are challenged in this illuminating volume. Mary Zey and other outstanding contributors expand our understanding of decision making theory by presenting evidence that points to the wide range and complexity of human decision making. Labelled as deviations from formal rationality, other models of decision making (habit, emotion, moral and ethical values) are shown to be alternative, not deviant, motives behind decision making. Written at an accessible level, this volume examines criticisms of the rational choice models from a wide range of perspectives. The following chapters then concentrate on micro- and macro- alternatives to rational choice models, including a bala
Author : Hamid Noorani
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 146912453X
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (691 download)
Download or read book Rational Decision-Making written by Hamid Noorani and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2010-04-16 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RATIONAL DECISION-MAKING For a Brighter FutureFor the Love of the World This book shows youthrough examples and application exerciseshow to make rational decisions that will make you more productive. Based on the modern philosophy of Systems-Thinking, the book presents a well-defined path to living a productive life: making rational choices that will help you meet your long-term goals and fulfill your obligations to others. To assist you, the book provides tools and concepts you can use to set your objectives, identify and weigh the options, and evaluate the expected benefits. And the many thought-provoking, real-life situations will show you how to craft strategic initiativeswhether in individual, group, organizational, or public policy decisions.
Author : Ali Farazmand
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030662527
Total Pages : 13623 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance written by Ali Farazmand and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-05 with total page 13623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This global encyclopedic work serves as a comprehensive collection of global scholarship regarding the vast fields of public administration, public policy, governance, and management. Written and edited by leading international scholars and practitioners, this exhaustive resource covers all areas of the above fields and their numerous subfields of study. In keeping with the multidisciplinary spirit of these fields and subfields, the entries make use of various theoretical, empirical, analytical, practical, and methodological bases of knowledge. Expanded and updated, the second edition includes over a thousand of new entries representing the most current research in public administration, public policy, governance, nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations, and management covering such important sub-areas as: 1. organization theory, behavior, change and development; 2. administrative theory and practice; 3. Bureaucracy; 4. public budgeting and financial management; 5. public economy and public management 6. public personnel administration and labor-management relations; 7. crisis and emergency management; 8. institutional theory and public administration; 9. law and regulations; 10. ethics and accountability; 11. public governance and private governance; 12. Nonprofit management and nongovernmental organizations; 13. Social, health, and environmental policy areas; 14. pandemic and crisis management; 15. administrative and governance reforms; 16. comparative public administration and governance; 17. globalization and international issues; 18. performance management; 19. geographical areas of the world with country-focused entries like Japan, China, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Russia and Eastern Europe, North America; and 20. a lot more. Relevant to professionals, experts, scholars, general readers, researchers, policy makers and manger, and students worldwide, this work will serve as the most viable global reference source for those looking for an introduction and advance knowledge to the field.
Author : Jennifer J. Halpern
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501725475
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Debating Rationality written by Jennifer J. Halpern and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decision makers strive to be rational. Traditionally, rational decisions maximize an appropriate return. The contributors to this book challenge the common assumption that good decisions must be rational in this economic sense. They emphasize that the decision-making process is influenced by social, organizational, and psychological considerations as well as by economic concerns. Relationships, time pressure, external demands for specific types of performance, contractual expectations, human biases, and reactions to unfair treatment alter the decision-making context and the resulting decision outcomes.
Author : Michael Towler
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780470519653
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Rational Decision Making for Managers written by Michael Towler and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2009-07-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RATIONAL DECISION-MAKING FOR MANAGERS Rational decision-making tools are quantitative and analytical tools that managers use to make complex business decisions. Rational Decision-making for Managers provides students with a basic understanding of these techniques and helps them to recognise when they are appropriate. Sarah Keast and Michael Towler also show the characteristics of the decisions that can be informed by the use of each technique, thereby guiding the readers in their choice. Rational Decision-making for Managers features: separate chapters on robustness analysis and game theory a strong contextual discussion and clear structure a concise mathematical appendix. The book is essential reading for students studying business decision-making, quantitative methods and business research methods. There is an accompanying web site www.wileyeurope.com/college/towler including PowerPoint slides, teaching notes and alternative routes through the text, additional exercises and further reading.
Author : Jonathan Pugh
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198858582
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)
Download or read book Autonomy, Rationality, and Contemporary Bioethics written by Jonathan Pugh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Personal autonomy is often lauded as a key value in contemporary Western bioethics, and the claim that there is an important relationship between autonomy and rationality is often treated as an uncontroversial claim in this sphere. Yet, there is also considerable disagreement about how we should cash out the relationship between rationality and autonomy. In particular, it is unclear whether a rationalist view of autonomy can be compatible with legal judgments that enshrine a patient's right to refuse medical treatment, regardless of whether ". . . the reasons for making the choice are rational, irrational, unknown or even non-existent". In this book, I bring recent philosophical work on the nature of rationality to bear on the question of how we should understand autonomy in contemporary bioethics. In doing so, I develop a new framework for thinking about the concept, one that is grounded in an understanding of the different roles that rational beliefs and rational desires have to play in personal autonomy. Furthermore, the account outlined here allows for a deeper understanding of different form of controlling influence, and the relationship between our freedom to act, and our capacity to decide autonomously. I contrast my rationalist with other prominent accounts of autonomy in bioethics, and outline the revisionary implications it has for various practical questions in bioethics in which autonomy is a salient concern, including questions about the nature of informed consent and decision-making capacity.
Author : Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Decision Making and Rationality in the Modern World written by Keith E. Stanovich and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Decision Making and Rationality in the Modern World, Keith E. Stanovich demonstrates how work in the cognitive psychology of decision making has implications for the large and theoretically contentious debates about the nature of human rationality. Written specifically for undergraduate psychology students, the book presents a very practical approach to decision making, which is too often perceived by students as an artificial set of skills used only in academia and not in the real world. Instead, Stanovich shows how good decision-making procedures support rational behavior that enables people to act most efficiently to fulfill their goals. He explains how the concept of rationality is understood in cognitive science in terms of good decision making and judgment. Books in the Fundamentals of Cognition series serve as ideal instructional resources for advanced courses in cognitive psychology. They provide an up-to-date, well-organized survey of our current understanding of the major theories of cognitive psychology. The books are concise, which allows instructors to incorporate the latest original research and readings into their courses without overburdening their students. Focused without being too advanced--and comprehensive without being too broad--these books are the perfect resource for both students and instructors.
Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742514904
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (149 download)
Download or read book Sensible Decisions written by Nicholas Rescher and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2003 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In personal and public affairs alike we constantly confront the need for deciding among available alternatives. Sensible Decisions synthesizes Nicholas Rescher's contribution to this discussion over the years. Rescher's prime aim is to illuminate some of the theoretical complications and perplexities that characterize rational procedure in matters of decision making at the public policy level. Visit our website for sample chapters!
Author : Davide Secchi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 144197542X
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Extendable Rationality written by Davide Secchi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-20 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “How do people make decisions in organizations?” is the question at the core of this book. Do people act rationally? Under what conditions can information and knowledge be shared to improve decision making? Davide Secchi applies concepts and theories from cognitive science, organizational behavior, and social psychology to explore the dynamics of decision making. In particular, he integrates “bounded rationality” (people are only partly rational; they have (a) limited computational capabilities and (b) limited access to information) and “distributed cognition” (knowledge is not confined to an individual, but is distributed across the members of a group) to build upon the pioneering work of Herbert Simon (1916-2001) on rational decision making and contribute fresh insights. This book is divided into two parts. The first part (Chapters 2 to 5) explores how recent studies on biases, prospect theory, heuristics, and emotions provide the so-called “map” of bounded rationality. The second part (Chapter 6 to 8) presents the idea of extendable rationality. In this section, Secchi identifies the limitations of bounded rationality and focuses more heavily on socially-based decision processes and the role of “docility” in teaching, managing, and executing decisions in organizations. The practical implications extend broadly to issues relating to change and innovation, as organizations adapt to evolving market conditions, implementing new systems, and effectively managing limited resources. The final chapter outlines an agenda for future research to help understand the decision making characteristics and capabilities of an organization.
Author : Alex Mintz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139487221
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Understanding Foreign Policy Decision Making written by Alex Mintz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Foreign Policy Decision Making presents a psychological approach to foreign policy decision making. This approach focuses on the decision process, dynamics, and outcome. The book includes a wealth of extended real-world case studies and examples that are woven into the text. The cases and examples, which are written in an accessible style, include decisions made by leaders of the United States, Israel, New Zealand, Cuba, Iceland, United Kingdom, and others. In addition to coverage of the rational model of decision making, levels of analysis of foreign policy decision making, and types of decisions, the book includes extensive material on alternatives to the rational choice model, the marketing and framing of decisions, cognitive biases, and domestic, cultural, and international influences on decision making in international affairs. Existing textbooks do not present such an approach to foreign policy decision making, international relations, American foreign policy, and comparative foreign policy.
