Rare Earth Metals And United States National Security

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Critical Mineral Resources of the United States

Author : K. J. Schulz
Publisher : Geological Survey
ISBN 13 : 9781411339910
Total Pages : 868 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Mineral Resources of the United States by : K. J. Schulz

Download or read book Critical Mineral Resources of the United States written by K. J. Schulz and published by Geological Survey. This book was released on 2017 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the importance and dependence of specific mineral commodities increase, so does concern about their supply. The United States is currently 100 percent reliant on foreign sources for 20 mineral commodities and imports the majority of its supply of more than 50 mineral commodities. Mineral commodities that have important uses and face potential supply disruption are critical to American economic and national security. However, a mineral commodity's importance and the nature of its supply chain can change with time; a mineral commodity that may not have been considered critical 25 years ago may be critical today, and one considered critical today may not be so in the future. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced this volume to describe a select group of mineral commodities currently critical to our economy and security. For each mineral commodity covered, the authors provide a comprehensive look at (1) the commodity's use; (2) the geology and global distribution of the mineral deposit types that account for the present and possible future supply of the commodity; (3) the current status of production, reserves, and resources in the United States and globally; and (4) environmental considerations related to the commodity's production from different types of mineral deposits. The volume describes U.S. critical mineral resources in a global context, for no country can be self-sufficient for all its mineral commodity needs, and the United States will always rely on global mineral commodity supply chains. This volume provides the scientific understanding of critical mineral resources required for informed decisionmaking by those responsible for ensuring that the United States has a secure and sustainable supply of mineral commodities.

Rare Earth Elements

Author : Kristin Waters
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781536101201
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Rare Earth Elements by : Kristin Waters

Download or read book Rare Earth Elements written by Kristin Waters and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense (DOD) depends on rare earths that contain one or more of 17 similar metals which have unique properties, such as magnetism at high temperatures, to provide functionality in weapon system components. Many steps in the rare earths supply chain, such as mining, are conducted in China, a situation that may pose risks to the continued availability of these materials. The Joint Explanatory Statement accompanying the Carl Levin and Howard P. Buck McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for 2015 included a provision for the United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) to review DOD efforts to identify and mitigate risks in its rare earths supply chain. This book assesses the extent that DOD determined which rare earths, if any, are critical to national security; and has identified and mitigated risks associated with rare earths, including the effects of a potential supply disruption.

Critical Materials Strategy

Author : Steven Chu
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437944183
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Materials Strategy by : Steven Chu

Download or read book Critical Materials Strategy written by Steven Chu and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-05 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the role of rare earth metals and other materials in the clean energy economy. It was prepared by the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) based on data collected and research performed during 2010. In the report, DoE describes plans to: (1) develop its first integrated research agenda addressing critical materials, building on three technical workshops convened by the DoE during November and December 2010; (2) strengthen its capacity for information-gathering on this topic; and (3) work closely with international partners, including Japan and Europe, to reduce vulnerability to supply disruptions and address critical material needs. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.

Rare Earth Elements

Author : Marc Humphries
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437937985
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Rare Earth Elements by : Marc Humphries

Download or read book Rare Earth Elements written by Marc Humphries and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) What are Rare Earth Elements (REE)?; (3) Major End Uses and Applications: Demand for REE; The Application of REE in National Defense; (4) Rare Earth Resources and Production Potential; Supply Chain Issues; Role of China; (5) Rare Earth Legislation in the 111th Congress: H.R. 4866, and S. 3521, the Rare Earths Supply-Chain Technology and Resources Transformation Act of 2010; H.R. 5136, the FY 2011 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; P.L. 111-84, the FY 2010 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; (6) Possible Policy Options: Authorize and Appropriate Funding for a USGS Assessment; Support and Encourage Greater Exploration for REE; Challenge China on Its Export Policy; Establish a Stockpile. Illustrations.

Rare Earth Frontiers

Author : Julie M. Klinger
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501714619
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Rare Earth Frontiers by : Julie M. Klinger

Download or read book Rare Earth Frontiers written by Julie M. Klinger and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Rare Earth Frontiers is a timely text. As Klinger notes, rare earths are neither rare nor technically earths, but they are still widely believed to be both. Although her approach focuses on the human, or cultural, geography of rare earths mining, she does not ignore the geological occurrence of these mineral types, both on Earth and on the moon.... This volume is excellently organized, insightfully written, and extensively sourced."―Choice Drawing on ethnographic, archival, and interview data gathered in local languages and offering possible solutions to the problems it documents, this book examines the production of the rare earth frontier as a place, a concept, and a zone of contestation, sacrifice, and transformation. Rare Earth Frontiers is a work of human geography that serves to demystify the powerful elements that make possible the miniaturization of electronics, green energy and medical technologies, and essential telecommunications and defense systems. Julie Michelle Klinger draws attention to the fact that the rare earths we rely on most are as common as copper or lead, and this means the implications of their extraction are global. Klinger excavates the rich historical origins and ongoing ramifications of the quest to mine rare earths in ever more impossible places. Klinger writes about the devastating damage to lives and the environment caused by the exploitation of rare earths. She demonstrates in human terms how scarcity myths have been conscripted into diverse geopolitical campaigns that use rare earth mining as a pretext to capture spaces that have historically fallen beyond the grasp of centralized power. These include legally and logistically forbidding locations in the Amazon, Greenland, and Afghanistan, and on the Moon.

Critical Materials

Author : Richard S. Silberglitt
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833079255
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Materials by : Richard S. Silberglitt

Download or read book Critical Materials written by Richard S. Silberglitt and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A high percentage of many raw and semi-finished materials critical to U.S. manufacturing are imported. China is the controlling producer of 11 of these materials and has instituted export restrictions that have led to two-tier pricing, creating pressure to move manufacturing to China. This report suggests the need for actions to mitigate the impact of such market distortions on the global manufacturing sector.

Rare Earth Elements in National Defense: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437984347
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Rare Earth Elements in National Defense: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress by :

Download or read book Rare Earth Elements in National Defense: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rare Earth Elements and Actinides

Author : Deborah A. Penchoff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780841298255
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (982 download)

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Book Synopsis Rare Earth Elements and Actinides by : Deborah A. Penchoff

Download or read book Rare Earth Elements and Actinides written by Deborah A. Penchoff and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Sponsored by the ACS Division of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology."

Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security ?

Author : National Defense University (U S )
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security ? by : National Defense University (U S )

Download or read book Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security ? written by National Defense University (U S ) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2011-12-27 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On August 24-25, 2010, the National Defense University held a conference titled “Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security?” to explore the economic element of national power. This special collection of selected papers from the conference represents the view of several keynote speakers and participants in six panel discussions. It explores the complexity surrounding this subject and examines the major elements that, interacting as a system, define the economic component of national security.

National Security Implications of the Possible Merger of the China Off-shore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) with UNOCAL Corporation

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis National Security Implications of the Possible Merger of the China Off-shore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) with UNOCAL Corporation by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services

Download or read book National Security Implications of the Possible Merger of the China Off-shore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) with UNOCAL Corporation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Rare Earth Elements

Author : J.H.L. Voncken
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319268090
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rare Earth Elements by : J.H.L. Voncken

Download or read book The Rare Earth Elements written by J.H.L. Voncken and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the rare earth elements (REE), which are a series of 17 transition metals: scandium, yttrium and the lanthanide series of elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium). They are relatively unknown to the wider public, despite their numerous applications and their critical role in many high-tech applications, such as high-temperature superconductors, phosphors (for energy-saving lamps, flat-screen monitors and flat-screen televisions), rechargeable batteries (household and automotive), very strong permanent magnets (used for instance in wind turbines and hard-disk drives), or even in a medical MRI application. This book describes the history of their discovery, the major REE ore minerals and the major ore deposits that are presently being exploited (or are planned to be exploited in the very near future), the physical and chemical properties of REEs, the mineral processing of REE concentrates and their extractive metallurgy, the applications of these elements, their economic aspects and the influential economical role of China, and finally the recycling of the REE, which is an emerging field.

Cyberpower and National Security

Author : Franklin D. Kramer
Publisher : Potomac Books, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1597979333
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (979 download)

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Book Synopsis Cyberpower and National Security by : Franklin D. Kramer

Download or read book Cyberpower and National Security written by Franklin D. Kramer and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2009 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book creates a framework for understanding and using cyberpower in support of national security. Cyberspace and cyberpower are now critical elements of international security. United States needs a national policy which employs cyberpower to support its national security interests.

The NSA Report

Author : President's Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies, The
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400851270
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The NSA Report by : President's Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies, The

Download or read book The NSA Report written by President's Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies, The and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-31 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The official report that has shaped the international debate about NSA surveillance "We cannot discount the risk, in light of the lessons of our own history, that at some point in the future, high-level government officials will decide that this massive database of extraordinarily sensitive private information is there for the plucking. Americans must never make the mistake of wholly 'trusting' our public officials."—The NSA Report This is the official report that is helping shape the international debate about the unprecedented surveillance activities of the National Security Agency. Commissioned by President Obama following disclosures by former NSA contractor Edward J. Snowden, and written by a preeminent group of intelligence and legal experts, the report examines the extent of NSA programs and calls for dozens of urgent and practical reforms. The result is a blueprint showing how the government can reaffirm its commitment to privacy and civil liberties—without compromising national security.

The Rare Metals War

Author : Guillaume Pitron
Publisher : Scribe Publications
ISBN 13 : 1925938603
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (259 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rare Metals War by : Guillaume Pitron

Download or read book The Rare Metals War written by Guillaume Pitron and published by Scribe Publications. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The resources race is on. Powering our digital lives and green technologies are some of the Earth’s most precious metals — but they are running out. And what will happen when they do? The green-tech revolution has been lauded as the silver bullet to a new world. One that is at last free of oil, pollution, shortages, and cross-border tensions. Drawing on six years of research across a dozen countries, this book cuts across conventional green thinking to probe the hidden, dark side of green technology. By breaking free of fossil fuels, we are in fact setting ourselves up for a new dependence — on rare metals such as cobalt, gold, and palladium. They are essential to electric vehicles, wind turbines, solar panels, our smartphones, computers, tablets, and other everyday connected objects. China has captured the lion’s share of the rare metals industry, but consumers know very little about how they are mined and traded, or their environmental, economic, and geopolitical costs. The Rare Metals War is a vital exposé of the ticking time-bomb that lies beneath our new technological order. It uncovers the reality of our lavish and ambitious environmental quest that involves risks as formidable as those it seeks to resolve.

Assessing and Strengthening the Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base and Supply Chain Resiliency of the United States - Report to President Trump

Download Assessing and Strengthening the Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base and Supply Chain Resiliency of the United States - Report to President Trump PDF Online Free

Author : U. S. Military
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781726810241
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing and Strengthening the Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base and Supply Chain Resiliency of the United States - Report to President Trump by : U. S. Military

Download or read book Assessing and Strengthening the Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base and Supply Chain Resiliency of the United States - Report to President Trump written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This excellent report was released in October 2018. America's manufacturing and defense industrial base ("the industrial base") supports economic prosperity and global competitiveness, and arms the military with capabilities to defend the nation. Currently, the industrial base faces an unprecedented set of challenges: sequestration and uncertainty of government spending; the decline of critical markets and suppliers; unintended consequences of U.S. Government acquisition behavior; aggressive industrial policies of competitor nations; and the loss of vital skills in the domestic workforce. Combined, these challenges - or macro forces - erode the capabilities of the manufacturing and defense industrial base and threaten the Department of Defense's (DoD) ability to be ready for the "fight tonight," and to retool for great power competition. The following report explains the macro forces impacting the industrial base, identifies primary categories of risk, illustrates impacts within sectors, and provides recommendations for mitigation.I. Executive Summary * II. Introduction * III. Methodology * IV. An Overview of America's Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base * V. Five Macro Forces Driving Risk into America's Industrial Base * VI. Ten Risk Archetypes Threatening America's Manufacturing and Defense Industrial Base * VII. A Blueprint for Action * Appendix One: Executive Order 13806 * Appendix Two: Sector Summaries * Appendix Three: Contributing U.S. Government Agencies * Appendix Four: U.S. Government Sources * Appendix Five: Industry Listening Sessions * Appendix Six: Agreements with Foreign GovernmentsTo provide for our national security, America's manufacturing and defense industrial base must be secure, robust, resilient, and ready. To ensure taxpayer dollars are frugally and wisely spent, the defense industrial base must be cost-effective, cost-efficient, highly productive, and not unduly subsidized. In the event of contingencies, the industrial base must possess sufficient surge capabilities. Above all, America's manufacturing and defense industrial base must support economic prosperity, be globally competitive, and have the capabilities and capacity to rapidly innovate and arm our military with the lethality and dominance necessary to prevail in any conflict.All facets of the manufacturing and defense industrial base are currently under threat, at a time when strategic competitors and revisionist powers appear to be growing in strength and capability.

Economics and National Security

Author : Dick K. Nanto
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437980805
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics and National Security by : Dick K. Nanto

Download or read book Economics and National Security written by Dick K. Nanto and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) National Security (NS) and the Congressional Interest; 21st Century Challenges to NS; (2) The Role of the Economy in U.S. NS; Macroecon. and Microecon. Issues in NS; (3) Economic Growth and Broad Conceptions of NS: Human Capital; Research, Innovation, Energy, and Space; (4) Globalization, Trade, Finance, and the G-20; Instability in the Global Economy; Savings and Exports; Boosting Domestic Demand Abroad; Open Foreign Markets to U.S. Products and Services; Build Cooperation with International Partners; Deterring Threats to the International Financial System; (5) Democracy, Human Rights, and Development Aid; Sustainable Development. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand publication.

The Oxford Handbook of U.S. National Security

Author : Derek S. Reveron
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190680024
Total Pages : 705 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of U.S. National Security by : Derek S. Reveron

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of U.S. National Security written by Derek S. Reveron and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National security is pervasive in government and society, but there is little scholarly attention devoted to understanding the context, institutions, and processes the U.S. government uses to promote the general welfare. The Oxford Handbook of U.S. National Security aims to fill this gap. Coming from academia and the national security community, its contributors analyze key institutions and processes that promote the peace and prosperity of the United States and, by extension, its allies and other partners. By examining contemporary challenges to U.S. national security, contributors consider ways to advance national interests. The United States is entering uncharted waters. The assumptions and verities of the Washington consensus and the early post-Cold War have broken down. After 15 years of war and the inability of two presidents to set a new long-term U.S. foreign policy approach in place, the uncertainties of the Trump administration symbolize the questioning of assumptions that is now going on as Americans work to re-define their place in the world. This handbook serves as a "how to" guide for students and practitioners to understand the key issues and roadblocks confronting those working to improve national security. The first section establishes the scope of national security highlighting the important debates to bridge the practitioner and scholarly approaches to national security. The second section outlines the major national security actors in the U.S. government, describes the legislative authorities and appropriations available to each institution, and considers the organizational essence of each actor to explain behavior during policy discussions. It also examines the tools of national security such as diplomacy, arms control, and economic statecraft. The third section focuses on underlying strategic approaches to national security addressing deterrence, nuclear and cyber issues, and multilateral approaches to foreign policy. The final section surveys the landscape of contemporary national security challenges. This is a critical resource for anyone trying to understand the complex mechanisms and institutions that govern U.S. national security.