Raising Productivity Through Structural Reform In Brazil

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Raising Productivity Through Structural Reform in Brazil

Author : Jens Matthias Arnold
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Raising Productivity Through Structural Reform in Brazil by : Jens Matthias Arnold

Download or read book Raising Productivity Through Structural Reform in Brazil written by Jens Matthias Arnold and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recovery from the current deep recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will require raising productivity through structural reforms. This implies a number of challenges for economic policies. With large parts of the economy shielded from competition, firms face weak incentives to become more productive. Sizeable shares of labour and capital are trapped in low-productivity firms that survive on the back of support from distortive policies. Reallocation mechanisms such as continuous firm entry, exit or the growth of stronger firms on the expense of less productive ones appear weaker than elsewhere. Domestic regulatory burdens and market entry barriers are high, reducing domestic competitive pressures. External competition is hampered by high trade barriers that have precluded Brazil from the opportunities that an increasingly integrated world economy can offer. A fragmented tax system gives rise to one of the world's highest tax compliance costs and a wide array of exemptions and special regimes reduces fairness and the redistribution effect of taxes. Financial markets used to be dominated by directed credit, but thanks to a successful policy reform that aligned directed lending rates with market rates, they are now undergoing a profound transformation. Challenges in contract enforcement suggest scope for changes in the organisation of the judiciary to reduce judicial uncertainty and reduce trial durations.

Structural Reform Priorities for Brazil

Author : Nina Biljanovska
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484380363
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reform Priorities for Brazil by : Nina Biljanovska

Download or read book Structural Reform Priorities for Brazil written by Nina Biljanovska and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades, Brazil has experienced relatively weak economic growth due to stagnant productivity. To boost productivity, Brazil should embark on an ambitious structural reform process. In doing so, it is crucial that authorities select a few reform priorities to avoid dispersing political capital on an overly broad reform agenda. The paper aims to identify Brazil’s reform priorities in two steps. First, it estimates the impact that different reforms have on Brazil’s productivity. Second, it analyzes survey data to assess the extent of public support for reforms. The results show that banking sector reforms would generate the largest productivity gains and have the highest level of public support. Moreover, they would also be relatively easy to legislate and generate significant fiscal savings.

Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America

Author : Jorge M. Katz
Publisher : United Nations Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America by : Jorge M. Katz

Download or read book Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America written by Jorge M. Katz and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last ten to fifteen years, profound structural reforms have moved Latin America and the Caribbean from closed, state-dominated economies to ones that are more market-oriented and open. Policymakers expected that these changes would speed up growth. This book is part of a multi-year project to determine whether these expectation have been fulfilled. Focusing on technological change, the impact of the reforms on the process of innovation is examined. It notes that the development process is proving to be highly heterogenous across industries, regions and firms and can be described as strongly inequitable. This differentiation that has emerged has implications for job creation, trade balance, and the role of small and medium sized firms. This ultimately suggests, amongst other things, the need for policies to better spread the use of new technologies.

Do Structural Reforms Always Succeed?

Author : Jorge Saba Arbache
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Do Structural Reforms Always Succeed? by : Jorge Saba Arbache

Download or read book Do Structural Reforms Always Succeed? written by Jorge Saba Arbache and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Brazilian Economy

Author : Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen
Publisher : University of Miami Iberian Studies Institute
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Brazilian Economy by : Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen

Download or read book The Brazilian Economy written by Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen and published by University of Miami Iberian Studies Institute. This book was released on 1997 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emphasis of this book is on the structural aspects of the Brazilian economy, although analyses of economic performance are also covered. A central theme is that growth with social development requires structural reforms, such as the reorganisation of public finances and other matters.

OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2018

Author : Oecd
Publisher : Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development
ISBN 13 : 9789264290471
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2018 by : Oecd

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2018 written by Oecd and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 2018-02-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strong growth and remarkable social progress over the past two decades have made Brazil one of the world's leading economies, despite the deep recession that the economy is now emerging from. However, inequality remains high and fiscal accounts have deteriorated substantially, calling for wide-ranging reforms to sustain progress on inclusive growth. A better focus of social expenditures towards the poor would reduce inequality and ensure sustainability of public debt at the same time. This will require difficult political choices, particularly in pensions and social transfers. Reducing economic transfers to the corporate sector, in conjunction with more systematic evaluations of public expenditure programmes, will strengthen growth, improve economic governance and limit the future scope for rent seeking and political kick-backs. Maintaining the growth potential of the economy requires stronger investment, which could also raise productivity and concomitantly, the scope for future wage increases. Simplifying taxes, reducing administrative burdens and streamlining licensing would raise investment returns, while stronger competition could generate new investment opportunities in thriving, high-performing enterprises. At the same time, trade barriers shield enterprises from global opportunities and foreign competition. Fostering a stronger integration into global trade would allow firms to become more competitive and generate new export opportunities. SPECIAL FEATURES: STRENGTHENING INVESTMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE; FOSTERING INTEGRATION INTO THE WORLD ECONOMY

Jobs and Growth

Author : Mark A. Dutz
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464813205
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Jobs and Growth by : Mark A. Dutz

Download or read book Jobs and Growth written by Mark A. Dutz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-08-31 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil approaches its 2018 election with an economy that is gradually recovering from the deepest recession in its recent economic history. However, for many Brazilians, the recovery has not yet translated into new and better jobs, or rising incomes. This book explores the drivers of future employment and income growth. Its key finding: Brazil needs to dramatically improve its performance across all industries in terms of productivity if the country is to provide better jobs for its citizens and generate lasting gains in incomes growth for all. This is particularly important as Brazil is aging rapidly and the boost the country has enjoyed thanks to its young and growing labor force in the past decades will disappear in just a few years’ time. The book recommends a change in the relationship between the state and business, from rewarding privileged incumbents to fostering competition and innovation—together with supporting workers and firms to adjust to the demands of the market. The book is addressed to all scholars and students of Brazil’s economy, especially those interested in why the country’s economic performance has not kept up with earlier achievements since the reintroduction of democracy in the mid-1980s. Its conclusions are urgent and pertinent but also optimistic. With the right policy mix, Brazil could enter the third century of its independence in 2022 well on track to join the ranks of high income countries.

Brazil

Author : Mr.Antonio Spilimbergo
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484339746
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Brazil by : Mr.Antonio Spilimbergo

Download or read book Brazil written by Mr.Antonio Spilimbergo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil is at crossroads, emerging slowly from a historic recession that was preceded by a huge economic boom. Reasons for the historic bust following a boom are manifold. Policy mistakes were an important contributory factor, and included the pursuit of countercyclical policies, introduced to deal with the effects of the global financial crisis, beyond the point where they were helpful. More fundamentally, it reflects longstanding structural weaknesses plaguing the economy, that also help explain Brazil’s uninspiring growth performance over the past four decades.

Global Productivity

Author : Alistair Dieppe
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464816093
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Productivity by : Alistair Dieppe

Download or read book Global Productivity written by Alistair Dieppe and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic struck the global economy after a decade that featured a broad-based slowdown in productivity growth. Global Productivity: Trends, Drivers, and Policies presents the first comprehensive analysis of the evolution and drivers of productivity growth, examines the effects of COVID-19 on productivity, and discusses a wide range of policies needed to rekindle productivity growth. The book also provides a far-reaching data set of multiple measures of productivity for up to 164 advanced economies and emerging market and developing economies, and it introduces a new sectoral database of productivity. The World Bank has created an extraordinary book on productivity, covering a large group of countries and using a wide variety of data sources. There is an emphasis on emerging and developing economies, whereas the prior literature has concentrated on developed economies. The book seeks to understand growth patterns and quantify the role of (among other things) the reallocation of factors, technological change, and the impact of natural disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This book is must-reading for specialists in emerging economies but also provides deep insights for anyone interested in economic growth and productivity. Martin Neil Baily Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution Former Chair, U.S. President’s Council of Economic Advisers This is an important book at a critical time. As the book notes, global productivity growth had already been slowing prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and collapses with the pandemic. If we want an effective recovery, we have to understand what was driving these long-run trends. The book presents a novel global approach to examining the levels, growth rates, and drivers of productivity growth. For anyone wanting to understand or influence productivity growth, this is an essential read. Nicholas Bloom William D. Eberle Professor of Economics, Stanford University The COVID-19 pandemic hit a global economy that was already struggling with an adverse pre-existing condition—slow productivity growth. This extraordinarily valuable and timely book brings considerable new evidence that shows the broad-based, long-standing nature of the slowdown. It is comprehensive, with an exceptional focus on emerging market and developing economies. Importantly, it shows how severe disasters (of which COVID-19 is just the latest) typically harm productivity. There are no silver bullets, but the book suggests sensible strategies to improve growth prospects. John Fernald Schroders Chaired Professor of European Competitiveness and Reform and Professor of Economics, INSEAD

The World Bank Research Observer

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis The World Bank Research Observer by :

Download or read book The World Bank Research Observer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform

Author : Maria Delgado Coelho
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513596624
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform by : Maria Delgado Coelho

Download or read book Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform written by Maria Delgado Coelho and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The excessive complexity and burden of the Brazilian tax system, riddled by cumulative indirect taxes and heavy payroll contributions, have led to an accumulation of fiscal incentives aimed at reducing its burden on taxpayers and productive activities. Federal and subnational tax expenditures currently stand at over 5 percent of GDP. Rationalizing them can only be comprehensively feasible in the context of a broader sequenced tax reform, and could reduce resource misallocation and income inequality, as well as provide new revenues.

Economic Policy Reforms 2021 Going for Growth: Shaping a Vibrant Recovery

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264911375
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Policy Reforms 2021 Going for Growth: Shaping a Vibrant Recovery by : OECD

Download or read book Economic Policy Reforms 2021 Going for Growth: Shaping a Vibrant Recovery written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-04-14 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Going for Growth 2021 identifies country-specific structural policy priorities for the recovery across OECD and key non-member countries (Argentina, Brazil, The People’s Republic of China, Costa Rica, India, Indonesia and South Africa). It frames the main policy challenges of the current juncture along three main areas: building resilience; facilitating reallocation and boosting productivity growth for all; and supporting people in transition.

Structural Reforms and Firms’ Productivity: Evidence from Developing Countries

Author : Wilfried A. Kouamé
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484347005
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reforms and Firms’ Productivity: Evidence from Developing Countries by : Wilfried A. Kouamé

Download or read book Structural Reforms and Firms’ Productivity: Evidence from Developing Countries written by Wilfried A. Kouamé and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses the effects of structural reforms on firm-level productivity for 37 developing countries from 2006 to 2014 period. It takes advantage of the IMF Monitoring of Fund Arrangements dataset for reform indexes and the World Bank Enterprise Surveys for firm-level productivity. The paper highlights the following results. Structural reforms such as financial, fiscal, real sector, and trade reforms, significantly improve firm-level productivity. Interestingly, real sector reforms have the most sizeable effects on firm-level productivity. The relationship between structural reforms and firm-level productivity is nonlinear and shaped by some firms’ characteristics such as the financial access, the distortionary environment, and the size of firms. The pace of structural reforms matters since being a “strong reformer” is associated with a clear productivity dividend for firms. Finally, except for financial and trade reforms, all structural reforms under consideration are bilaterally complementary in improving firm-level productivity. These findings are robust to several sensitivity checks.

Indonesia

Author : Edimon Ginting
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292610791
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Indonesia by : Edimon Ginting

Download or read book Indonesia written by Edimon Ginting and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on Indonesia's most pressing labor market challenges and associated policy options to achieve higher and more inclusive economic growth. The challenges consist of creating jobs for and the skills in a youthful and increasingly better educated workforce, and raising the productivity of less-educated workers to meet the demands of the digital age. The book deals with a range of interrelated topics---the changing supply and demand for labor in relation to the shift of workers out of agriculture; urbanization and the growth of megacities; raising the quality of schooling for new jobs in the digital economy; and labor market policies to improve both labor standards and productivity.

Macroeconomic Policies and Structural Reform

Author : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher : OECD
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Policies and Structural Reform by : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

Download or read book Macroeconomic Policies and Structural Reform written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by OECD. This book was released on 1996 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains the papers presented at the international conference "Interactions between structural reform, macroeconomic policies and economic performance" & summarises discussions held. Part of the follow-up programme of work [from] the OECD jobs study. - On cover: OECD proceedings

Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries

Author : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1589068181
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries by : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry

Download or read book Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the impact on economic performance of structural policies-policies that increase the role of market forces and competition in the economy, while maintaining appropriate regulatory frameworks. The results reflect a new dataset covering reforms of domestic product markets, international trade, the domestic financial sector, and the external capital account, in 91 developed and developing countries. Among the key results of this study, the authors find that real and financial reforms (and, in particular, domestic financial liberalization, trade liberalization, and agricultural liberalization) boost income growth. However, growth effects differ significantly across alternative reform sequencing strategies: a trade-before-capital-account strategy achieves better outcomes than the reverse, or even than a "big bang"; also, liberalizing the domestic financial sector together with the external capital account is growth-enhancing, provided the economy is relatively open to international trade. Finally, relatively liberalized domestic financial sectors enhance the economy's resilience, reducing output costs from adverse terms-of-trade and interest-rate shocks; increased credit availability is one of the key mechanisms.

The Age of Productivity

Author : Inter-American Development Bank
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230107613
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Age of Productivity by : Inter-American Development Bank

Download or read book The Age of Productivity written by Inter-American Development Bank and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-04-12 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Age of Productivity offers a look at how the low productivity in Latin America and the Caribbean is preventing the region from catching up with the developed world. The authors look beyond the traditional macro explanations and dig all the way down to the industry and firm level to uncover the causes.