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Author : Judith B. Moody
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Radionuclide Migration/retardation written by Judith B. Moody and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dana J. Isherwood
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (852 download)
Download or read book I-129 Supplemental Information, Document Numbers 351-357 written by Dana J. Isherwood and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radionuclide Migration/retardation written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preliminary Report on Retardation Factors and Radionuclide Migration written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available data on distribution coefficients for the biologically important radionuclides present in high-level waste were used to estimate retardation factors (K/sub f/) for a mass transport hydrologic model. The radionuclides were divided into 3 groups: fission products with no sorption (K/sub f/ = 1), fission products with sorption (K/sub f/ = 102), and the actinides and their daughter products (K/sub f/ = 104). Minimum and maximum values were assigned the latter two groups. Uncertainties as a function of time were estimated at +- an order of magnitude. 39 references, 5 tables.
Download or read book Methods for Determining Radionuclide Retardation Factors written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report identifies a number of mechanisms that retard radionuclide migration, and describes the static and dynamic methods that are used to study such retardation phenomena. Both static and dynamic methods are needed for reliable safety assessments of underground nuclear-waste repositories. This report also evaluates the extent to which the two methods may be used to diagnose radionuclide migration through various types of geologic media, among them unconsolidated, crushed, intact, and fractured rocks. Adsorption is one mechanism that can control radionuclide concentrations in solution and therefore impede radionuclide migration. Other mechanisms that control a solution's radionuclide concentration and radionuclide migration are precipitation of hydroxides and oxides, oxidation-reduction reactions, and the formation of minerals that might include the radionuclide as a structural element. The retardation mechanisms mentioned above are controlled by such factors as surface area, cation exchange capacity, solution pH, chemical composition of the rock and of the solution, oxidation-reduction potential, and radionuclide concentration. Rocks and ground waters used in determining retardation factors should represent the expected equilibrium conditions in the geologic system under investigation. Static test methods can be used to rapidly screen the effects of the factors mentioned above. Dynamic (or column) testing, is needed to assess the effects of hydrodynamics and the interaction of hydrodynamics with the other important parameters. This paper proposes both a standard method for conducting batch Kd determinations, and a standard format for organizing and reporting data. Dynamic testing methods are not presently developed to the point that a standard methodology can be proposed. Normal procedures are outlined for column experimentation and the data that are needed to analyze a column experiment are identified.
Author : Harold M. Anderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (886 download)
Download or read book Solutions to Radionuclide Migration with Nonlinear Retardation Mechanisms in Backfill Material written by Harold M. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Radionuclide Migration Experiment - Overview 1990-1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P. A. Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (594 download)
Download or read book The Nagra-JNC in Situ Study of Safety Relevant Radionuclide Retardation in Fractured Crystalline Rock 1: Radionuclide Migration Experiment, Overview 1990-1996 written by P. A. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Simulation of Radionuclide Retardation at Yucca Mountain Using a Stochastic Mineralogical written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents preliminary transport calculations for radionuclide movement at Yucca Mountain. Several different realizations of spatially distributed sorption coefficients are used to study the sensitivity of radionuclide migration. These sorption coefficients are assumed to be functions of the mineralogic assemblages of the underlying rock. The simulations were run with TRACRN1, a finite-difference porous flow and radionuclide transport code developed for the Yucca Mountain Project. Approximately 30,000 nodes are used to represent the unsaturated and saturated zones underlying the repository in three dimensions. Transport calculations for a representative radionuclide cation, 135Cs, and anion, 99Tc, are presented. Calculations such as these will be used to study the effectiveness of the site's geochemical barriers at a mechanistic level and to help guide the geochemical site characterization program. The preliminary calculations should be viewed as a demonstration of the modeling methodology rather than as a study of the effectiveness of the geochemical barriers. The model provides a method for examining the integration of flow scenarios with transport and retardation processes as currently understood for the site. The effects on transport of many of the processes thought to be active at Yucca Mountain may be examined using this approach. 11 refs., 14 figs., 1 tab.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book Rock matrix diffusion as mechanism for radionuclide retardation : natural radioelement migration in relation to the microfractography and petrophysics of fractured crystalline rock (report on phase 1) written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rock Matrix Diffusion as a Mechanism for Radionuclide Retardation written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Commission of the European Communities
Publisher : Vienna : International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 856 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Environmental Migration of Long-lived Radionuclides written by Commission of the European Communities and published by Vienna : International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 1982 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : E. Hanslik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Migration and Retardation of Chemical Toxic Components from Radioactive Waste - Hydrochemical Aspects written by E. Hanslik and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic analysis of nuclear power plant (NPP) operation and radioactive wastes disposal (near-surface disposal and geologic disposal) in underground repositories has provided the basis for a comparison between the radiotoxicity and chemotoxicity as part of an EIA (environmental impact assessment) procedure. This contribution summarizes the hydrochemical mechanisms of transport and retardation processes, chemistry and migration behavior of radionuclides and chemical toxics in natural sorbents, especially bentonites. The effect of solubility and dissolution reactions, diffusion and sorption/desorption, complexation and variations in the aqueous phase composition, pH-value and oxidation-reduction properties and other phenomena affecting distribution coefficients (Kd values) is discussed.
Download or read book Rock Matrix Diffusion as a Mechanism for Radionuclide Retardation written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemistry and Radionuclide Migration written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretically, the geochemical barrier can provide a major line of defense in protecting the biosphere from the hazards of nuclear waste. The most likely processes involved are easily identified. Preliminary investigations using computer modeling techniques suggest that retardation is an effective control on radionuclide concentrations. Ion exchange reactions slow radionuclide migration and allow more time for radioactive decay and dispersion. For some radionuclides, solubility alone may limit concentrations to less than the maximum permissible now considered acceptable by the Federal Government. The effectiveness of the geochemical barrier is ultimately related to the repository site characteristics. Theory alone tells us that geochemical controls will be most efficient in an environment that provides for maximum ion exchange and the precipitation of insoluble compounds. In site selection, consideration should be given to rock barriers with high ion exchange capacity that might also act as semi-permeable membranes. Also important in evaluating the site's potential for effective geochemical controls are the oxidation potentials, pH and salinity of the groundwater.
Author : Donald H. Alexander
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book NRC Nuclear Waste Geochemistry '83 written by Donald H. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Europäische Kommission Generaldirektion Wissenschaft, Forschung und Entwicklung
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789282739075
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Rock Matrix Diffusion as a Mechanism for Radionuclide Retardation written by Europäische Kommission Generaldirektion Wissenschaft, Forschung und Entwicklung and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
