Radical Skepticism And Epistemic Intuition

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Radical Skepticism and Epistemic Intuition

Author : Michael Bergmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192898485
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Radical Skepticism and Epistemic Intuition by : Michael Bergmann

Download or read book Radical Skepticism and Epistemic Intuition written by Michael Bergmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radical skepticism endorses the extreme claim that large swaths of our ordinary beliefs, such as those produced by perception or memory, are irrational. The best arguments for such skepticism are, in their essentials, as familiar as a popular science fiction movie and yet even seasoned epistemologists continue to find them strangely seductive. Moreover, although most contemporary philosophers dismiss radical skepticism, they cannot agree on how best to respond to the challenge it presents. In the tradition of the 18th century Scottish philosopher, Thomas Reid, Radical Skepticism and Epistemic Intuition joins this discussion by taking up four main tasks. First, it identifies the strongest arguments for radical skepticism, namely, underdetermination arguments, which emphasize the gap between our evidence and our ordinary beliefs based on that evidence. Second, it rejects all inferential or argument-based responses to radical skepticism, which aim to lay out good noncircular reasoning from the evidence on which we base our ordinary beliefs to the conclusion that those beliefs are probably true. Third, it develops a commonsense noninferential response to radical skepticism with two distinctive features: (a) it consciously and extensively relies on epistemic intuitions, which are seemings about epistemic goods, such as knowledge and rationality, and (b) it can be endorsed without difficulty by both internalists and externalists in epistemology. Fourth, and finally, it defends this commonsense epistemic-intuition-based response to radical skepticism against a variety of objections, including those connected with underdetermination worries, epistemic circularity, disagreement problems, experimental philosophy, and concerns about whether it engages skepticism in a sufficiently serious way.

Radical Skepticism and the Shadow of Doubt

Author : Eli Hirsch
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350033871
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Radical Skepticism and the Shadow of Doubt by : Eli Hirsch

Download or read book Radical Skepticism and the Shadow of Doubt written by Eli Hirsch and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-28 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radical Skepticism and the Shadow of Doubt brings something new to epistemology both in content and style. At the outset we are asked to imagine a person named Vatol who grows up in a world containing numerous people who are brains-in-vats and who hallucinate their entire lives. Would Vatol have reason to doubt whether he himself is in contact with reality? If he does have reason to doubt, would he doubt, or is it impossible for a person to have such doubts? And how do we ourselves compare to Vatol? After reflection, can we plausibly claim that Vatol has reason to doubt, but we don't? These are the questions that provide the novel framework for the debates in this book. Topics that are treated here in significantly new ways include: the view that we ought to doubt only when we philosophize; epistemological “dogmatism”; and connections between radical doubt and “having a self.” The book adopts the innovative form of a “dialogue/play.” The three characters, who are Talmud students as well as philosophers, hardly limit themselves to pure philosophy, but regale each other with Talmudic allusions, reminiscences, jokes, and insults. For them the possibility of doubt emerges as an existential problem with potentially deep emotional significance. Setting complex arguments about radical skepticism within entertaining dialogue, this book can be recommended for both beginners and specialists.

Epistemic Angst

Author : Duncan Pritchard
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691183430
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Epistemic Angst by : Duncan Pritchard

Download or read book Epistemic Angst written by Duncan Pritchard and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epistemic Angst offers a completely new solution to the ancient philosophical problem of radical skepticism—the challenge of explaining how it is possible to have knowledge of a world external to us. Duncan Pritchard argues that the key to resolving this puzzle is to realize that it is composed of two logically distinct problems, each requiring its own solution. He then puts forward solutions to both problems. To that end, he offers a new reading of Wittgenstein's account of the structure of rational evaluation and demonstrates how this provides an elegant solution to one aspect of the skeptical problem. Pritchard also revisits the epistemological disjunctivist proposal that he developed in previous work and shows how it can effectively handle the other aspect of the problem. Finally, he argues that these two antiskeptical positions, while superficially in tension with each other, are not only compatible but also mutually supporting. The result is a comprehensive and distinctive resolution to the problem of radical skepticism, one that challenges many assumptions in contemporary epistemology.

The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism

Author : John Greco
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199909857
Total Pages : 623 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism by : John Greco

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism written by John Greco and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the history of philosophical thought, few themes loom as large as skepticism. Skepticism has been the most visible and important part of debates about knowledge. Skepticism at its most basic questions our cognitive achievements, challenges our ability to obtain reliable knowledge; casting doubt on our attempts to seek and understand the truth about everything from ethics, to other minds, religious belief, and even the underlying structure of matter and reality. Since Descartes, the defense of knowledge against skepticism has been one of the primary tasks not just of epistemology but philosophy itself. The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism features twenty-six newly commissioned chapters by top figures in the field. Part One contains articles explaining important kinds of skeptical reasoning. Part Two focuses on responses to skeptical arguments. Part Three concentrates on important contemporary issues revolving around skepticism. As the first volume of its kind, the articles make significant contributions to the debate on skepticism.

Skepticism

Author : Annalisa Coliva
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429603614
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism by : Annalisa Coliva

Download or read book Skepticism written by Annalisa Coliva and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skepticism is one of the perennial problems of philosophy: from antiquity, to the early modern period of Descartes and Hume, and right through to the present day. It remains a fundamental and widely studied topic and, as Annalisa Coliva and Duncan Pritchard show in Skepticism, it presents us with a paradox with important ramifications not only for epistemology but also for many other core areas of philosophy. This book provides a thorough grounding in contemporary debates about skepticism, exploring the following key topics: the core skeptical arguments, with a particular focus on Cartesian and Humean radical skepticism the epistemic principles that are held to underlie skeptical arguments, such as the Closure and Underdetermination principles the content externalism of Putnam, Davidson, and Chalmers, and how it might help us respond to radical skepticism the epistemic externalism/internalism distinction and how it relates to the skeptical problematic contextualism in epistemology and its anti-skeptical import the various interpretations of a Wittgensteinian hinge epistemology the viability of epistemological disjunctivism, including whether it can be combined with hinge epistemology as part of a dual response to radical skepticism liberal and conservative responses to the Humean skeptical paradox. Both authors are prominent figures who work on skepticism, and so one novelty of the book is that it provides an insight into their own contrasting responses to this philosophical difficulty. With the addition of annotated further reading and a glossary, this is an ideal starting point for anyone studying the philosophy of skepticism, along with students of epistemology, metaphysics, and contemporary analytic philosophy.

Scepticism: A Very Short Introduction

Author : Duncan Pritchard
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192564498
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Scepticism: A Very Short Introduction by : Duncan Pritchard

Download or read book Scepticism: A Very Short Introduction written by Duncan Pritchard and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout history scepticism and the urge to question accepted truths has been a powerful force for change and growth. Today, as we are bombarded by adverts, scientific studies praising the latest superfoods, and political rhetoric, a healthy amount of scepticism is widely encouraged. But when is such scepticism legitimate - for example, as a driver of new ideas - and when is it problematic? And what role might adopting a sceptical outlook play in leading an intellectually virtuous life? In this Very Short Introduction Duncan Pritchard explores both the advantages of scepticism, in challenging outdated notions, and also how it can have unhelpful social consequences, in generating distrust. He considers the role of scepticism at the source of contemporary social and political movements such as climate change denial, post-truth politics, and fake news. Pritchard also examines the philosophical arguments for a radical form of scepticism which maintains that knowledge is impossible, and explores some of the main responses to these arguments. Finally, he considers the part scepticism might play in applying better thinking and learning to achieve a more meaningful life. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Seemings

Author : Kevin McCain
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003830609
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Seemings by : Kevin McCain

Download or read book Seemings written by Kevin McCain and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-19 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents new research on the epistemology of seemings. It features original essays by leading epistemologists on the nature and epistemic import of seemings and intuitions. Seemings and intuitions are often appealed to in philosophical theorizing. In fact, epistemological theories such as phenomenal conservatism and dogmatism give pride of place to seemings. Such views insist that seemings are of central importance to theories of epistemic justification. However, there are many questions about seemings that have yet to be answered satisfactorily. What kinds of seemings are there? How do seemings justify? Are seemings connected to truth? Do they play a significant role in inquiry? The chapters in this volume offer a range of useful arguments and fresh ideas about seemings, the nature of justification and evidential support, intuitions, inquiry, and the nature of inference. Seemings: New Arguments, New Angles will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working in epistemology and philosophy of mind.

Intuitions

Author : Anthony Robert Booth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199609195
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Intuitions by : Anthony Robert Booth

Download or read book Intuitions written by Anthony Robert Booth and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intuitions may seem to play a fundamental role in philosophy: but their role and their value have been challenged recently. What are intuitions? Should we ever trust them? And if so, when? Do they have an indispensable role in science--in thought experiments, for instance--as well as in philosophy? Or should appeal to intuitions be abandoned altogether? This collection brings together leading philosophers, from early to late career, to tackle such questions. It presents the state of the art thinking on the topic.

Cognition, Content, and the a Priori

Author : Robert Hanna
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019871629X
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognition, Content, and the a Priori by : Robert Hanna

Download or read book Cognition, Content, and the a Priori written by Robert Hanna and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Hanna works out a unified contemporary Kantian theory of rational human cognition and knowledge, which develops new lines of thought in philosophy of perception. Along the way, he provides original accounts of intentionality, sense perception and perceptual knowledge, the analytic-synthetic distinction, the nature of logic, and the a priori.

The Cambridge Handbook of Religious Epistemology

Author : Jonathan Fuqua
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009051458
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Religious Epistemology by : Jonathan Fuqua

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Religious Epistemology written by Jonathan Fuqua and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-17 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Handbook of Religious Epistemology, the first to appear on the topic, introduces the current state of religious epistemology and provides a discussion of fundamental topics related to the epistemology of religious belief. Its wide-ranging chapters not only survey fundamental topics, but also develop non-traditional epistemic theories and explore the religious epistemology endorsed by non-Western traditions. In the first section, Faith and Rationality, readers will find new essays on Reformed epistemology, skepticism and religious belief, and on the nature of evidence with respect to religious belief. The rich second section, Religious Traditions, contains chapters on Hindu, Buddhist, Islamic, Jewish, and Christian epistemologies. The final section, New Directions, contains chapters ranging from applying disjunctivism and knowledge-first approaches to religious belief, to surveying responses to debunking arguments. Comprehensive and accessible, this Handbook will advance the field for years to come.

The Illusion of Doubt

Author : Genia Schönbaumsfeld
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198783949
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Illusion of Doubt by : Genia Schönbaumsfeld

Download or read book The Illusion of Doubt written by Genia Schönbaumsfeld and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Illusion of Doubt confronts one of the most important questions in philosophy: what can we know? The radical sceptic's answer is 'not very much' if we cannot prove that we are not subject to (permanent) deception. This book shows that the radical sceptical problem is an illusion created by a mistaken picture of our evidential situation.

Evolutionary Debunking Arguments

Author : Diego E. Machuca
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000648605
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Debunking Arguments by : Diego E. Machuca

Download or read book Evolutionary Debunking Arguments written by Diego E. Machuca and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-09 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in evolutionary debunking arguments directed against certain types of belief, particularly moral and religious beliefs. According to those arguments, the evolutionary origins of the cognitive mechanisms that produce the targeted beliefs render these beliefs epistemically unjustified. The reason is that natural selection cares for reproduction and survival rather than truth, and false beliefs can in principle be as evolutionarily advantageous as true beliefs. The present volume brings together fourteen essays that examine evolutionary debunking arguments not only in ethics and philosophy of religion, but also in philosophy of mathematics, metaphysics, and epistemology. The essays move forward research on those arguments by shedding fresh light on old problems and proposing new lines of inquiry. The book will appeal to scholars and graduate students interested in the possible skeptical implications of evolutionary theory in any of the above domains.

Epistemological Disjunctivism

Author : Duncan Pritchard
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191654817
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Epistemological Disjunctivism by : Duncan Pritchard

Download or read book Epistemological Disjunctivism written by Duncan Pritchard and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Duncan Pritchard offers an original defence of epistemological disjunctivism. This is an account of perceptual knowledge which contends that such knowledge is paradigmatically constituted by a true belief that enjoys rational support which is both factive and reflectively accessible to the agent. In particular, in a case of paradigmatic perceptual knowledge that p, the subject's rational support for believing that p is that she sees that p, where this rational support is both reflectively accessible and factive (i.e., it entails p). Such an account of perceptual knowledge poses a radical challenge to contemporary epistemology, since by the lights of standard views in epistemology this proposal is simply incoherent. Pritchard's aim in Epistemological Disjunctivism is to show that this proposal is theoretically viable (i.e., that it does not succumb to the problems that it appears to face), and also to demonstrate that this is an account of perceptual knowledge which we would want to endorse if it were available on account of its tremendous theoretical potential. In particular, he argues that epistemological disjunctivism offers a way through the impasse between epistemic externalism and internalism, and also provides the foundation for a distinctive response to the problem of radical scepticism.

Skepticism and the Veil of Perception

Author : Michael Huemer
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742512535
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism and the Veil of Perception by : Michael Huemer

Download or read book Skepticism and the Veil of Perception written by Michael Huemer and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2001 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In opposition to both skeptics and representationalists, Huemer (philosophy, U. of Colorado, Boulder) presents a theory of perceptual awareness, according to which perception gives us direct awareness of real objects and non-inferential knowledge of the properties of these objects. He responds to the major arguments for skepticism, including the infinite regress argument, the problem of the criterion, the brain in the vat, and the impossibility of verification. c. Book News Inc.

Philosophy Without Intuitions

Author : Herman Cappelen
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199644861
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy Without Intuitions by : Herman Cappelen

Download or read book Philosophy Without Intuitions written by Herman Cappelen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The standard view of philosophical methodology is that philosophers rely on intuitions as evidence. Herman Cappelen argues that this claim is false, and reveals how it has encouraged pseudo-problems, presented misguided ideas of what philosophy is, and misled exponents of metaphilosophy and experimental philosophy.

Ideas, Evidence, and Method

Author : Graciela Teresa De Pierris
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198716788
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Ideas, Evidence, and Method by : Graciela Teresa De Pierris

Download or read book Ideas, Evidence, and Method written by Graciela Teresa De Pierris and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graciela De Pierris presents a novel interpretation of the relationship between skepticism and naturalism in Hume's epistemology, and a new appraisal of Hume's place within early modern thought. Whereas a dominant trend in recent Hume scholarship maintains that there are no skeptical arguments concerning causation and induction in Book I, Part III of the Treatise, Graciela De Pierris presents a detailed reading of the skeptical argument she finds there and how this argument initiates a train of skeptical reasoning that begins in Part III and culminates in Part IV. This reasoning is framed by Hume's version of the modern theory of ideas developed by Descartes and Locke. The skeptical implications of this theory, however, do not arise, as in traditional interpretations of Hume's skepticism, from the 'veil of perception.' They arise from Hume's elaboration of a presentational-phenomenological model of ultimate evidence, according to which there is always a justificatory gap between what is or has been immediately presented to the mind and any ideas that go beyond it. This happens, paradigmatically, in the causal-inductive inference, and, as De Pierris argues, in demonstrative inference as well. Yet, in spite of his firm commitment to radical skepticism, Hume also accepts the naturalistic standpoint of science and common life, and he does so, on the novel interpretation presented here, because of an equally firm commitment to Newtonian science in general and the Newtonian inductive method in particular. Hume defends the Newtonian method (against the mechanical philosophy) while simultaneously rejecting all attempts (including those of the Newtonians) to find a place for the supernatural within our understanding of nature.

Skeptical Invariantism Reconsidered

Author : Christos Kyriacou
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000405176
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Skeptical Invariantism Reconsidered by : Christos Kyriacou

Download or read book Skeptical Invariantism Reconsidered written by Christos Kyriacou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-27 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of original essays explores the topic of skeptical invariantism in theory of knowledge. It eschews historical perspectives and focuses on this traditionally underexplored, semantic characterization of skepticism. The book provides a carefully structured, state-of-the-art overview of skeptical invariantism and offers up new questions and avenues for future research. It treats this semantic form of skepticism as a serious position rather than assuming that skepticism is false and attempting to diagnose where arguments for skepticism go wrong. The essays take up a wide range of different philosophical perspectives on three key questions in the debate about skeptical invariantism: (1) whether the standards for knowledge vary, (2) how demanding the standards for knowledge are, and (3) whether the kind of evidence, reasons, methods, processes, etc. that we can bring to bear are sufficient to meet those standards. Skeptical Invariantism Reconsidered will be of interest to scholars and advanced students in epistemology and the philosophy of language.