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Radiation And Temperature Tests Of Cadmium Telluride Detectors
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Book Synopsis Radiation and Temperature Tests of Cadmium Telluride Detectors by : Ockle E. Johnson
Download or read book Radiation and Temperature Tests of Cadmium Telluride Detectors written by Ockle E. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the testing of CdTe sensors together with front end electronics developed by Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc for Radiac Division CS & TA Laboratory, Fort Monmouth, NJ. These new solid state sensors show promise, in terms of miniature size and sensitivity, toward the development goal of wrist-watch-sized military radiac. The unit was to operate from .01 mR/h to 1,000,000 mR/h using the least of number of sensors.
Book Synopsis Radiation Detection Systems by : Krzysztof Iniewski
Download or read book Radiation Detection Systems written by Krzysztof Iniewski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-04 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advances in semiconductor detectors, scintillators, photodetectors such as silicon photomultipliers (SiPM), and reaodut electronics have experienced tremendous growth in recent years in terms of basic technologies and variety of applications.The second edition of the book Radiation Detection Systems presents variety of radiation detection systems giving readers a broad view of the state-of–the-art in the design of detectors, front-end electronics and systems offering optimized choices of the detection tools for a particular application. The new edition has been divided into two volumes. This first volume, on Sensor Materials, Systems, Technology and Characterization Measurements puts emphasis on sensor materials, detector structures, front electronics technology and their designs as well as system optimization for different applications. Also, the book include characterization measurements of the developed detection systems. Featuring contributions from leading experts and pioneers in their respective fields, this book • describes progress in growth technologies of cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) materials • shows variety of specific detector structure designs and their integration with front-end amplification/processing electronics • presents detection systems based on CdZnTe and CdTe detector technologies that are optimized for specific applications. The designed systems are characterized in terms of their spectral responses, spatial and timing resolutions • addresses incomplete charge collection, pulse pileup, charge sharing between neighboring detector pixels and other phenomena that can degrade the spectral response of photon-counting detectors • reports new developments of silicon photomultipliers used for reading the light from scintillators that starting to make a big impact particularly in the design concepts of novel medical instrumentation With its combined coverage of new materials and innovative new system approaches, as well as a succinct overview of recent developments, this book is an invaluable tool for any engineer, professional, or student working in electronics or an associated field. Readers can refer to the second book to get a detailed understanding of more specific applications of the detection systems in medical imaging, industrial testing and security applications.
Book Synopsis Development and Testing of a Cadmium Telluride High Temperature (750 F) Infrared Fire Detector by : G. Entine
Download or read book Development and Testing of a Cadmium Telluride High Temperature (750 F) Infrared Fire Detector written by G. Entine and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CdTe photodetectors capable of operating continuously at 750F were packaged for flight testing as an aircraft engine fire detector. The sensors at temperature could detect a photosignal of 50 microwatts per square centimeter with a signal-to-noise ratio of over 20:1 and an output impedance of 1000 ohms. The units consist of two CdTe sensors separately sealed in hermetic TO-8 headers which are mounted inside a larger hermetically sealed housing made of inconel. The detectors meet MIL-Spec 810B including temperature cycling up to 750F, well above the capability of all the available semiconductor infrared detectors. (Author).
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigations of Cadmium Manganese Telluride Crystals for Room-Temperature Radiation Detection by :
Download or read book Investigations of Cadmium Manganese Telluride Crystals for Room-Temperature Radiation Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cadmium manganese telluride (CMT) has high potential as a material for room-temperature nuclear-radiation detectors. We investigated indium-doped CMT crystals taken from the stable growth region of the ingot, and compared its characteristics with that from the last-to-freeze region. We employed different techniques, including synchrotron white-beam X-ray topography (SWBXT), current-voltage (I-V) measurements, and low-temperature photoluminescence spectra, and we also assessed their responses as detectors to irradiation exposure. The crystal from the stable growth region proved superior to that from the last-to-freeze region; it is a single-grain crystal, free of twins, and displayed a resistivity higher by two orders-of-magnitude. The segregation of indium dopant in the ingot might be responsible for its better resistivity. Furthermore, we recorded a good response in the detector fabricated from the crystal taken from the stable growth region; its ([mu][tau]){sub e} value was 2.6 x 10−3 cm2/V, which is acceptable for thin detectors, including for applications in medicine.
Download or read book Testing and Instrumentation written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cadmium Manganese Telluride (Cd1-xMnxTe) by :
Download or read book Cadmium Manganese Telluride (Cd1-xMnxTe) written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cadmium Manganese Telluride (CdMnTe) recently emerged as a promising material for room-temperature X- and gamma-ray detectors. It offers several potential advantages over CdZnTe. Among them is its optimal tunable band gap ranging from 1.7-2.2 eV, and its relatively low (
Book Synopsis Cadmium Telluride Detectors by : F. Wald
Download or read book Cadmium Telluride Detectors written by F. Wald and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Damage in Cadmium Sulfide and Cadmium Telluride by : Rowena Ofelt Chester
Download or read book Radiation Damage in Cadmium Sulfide and Cadmium Telluride written by Rowena Ofelt Chester and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tech Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cadmium Telluride and Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors for Radionuclide Analysis by : Anthony Drew Lavietes
Download or read book Cadmium Telluride and Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors for Radionuclide Analysis written by Anthony Drew Lavietes and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crystallographic and Metallurgical Characterization of Radiation Detector Grade Cadmium Telluride Materials by :
Download or read book Crystallographic and Metallurgical Characterization of Radiation Detector Grade Cadmium Telluride Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation detector grade CdTe crystals are characterized by several crystallographic and metallurgical techniques including infrared microscopy, dislocation etch pitting and X-ray diffraction. Results are presented for a set of 50 detectors fabricated from an ingot produced by the High Pressure Bridgman method. Data on the temperature dependence of leakage current and pulse height analysis are presented, along with measurements of room temperature charge transport properties. Attempts to relate crystal structure to detector performance discussed.
Book Synopsis Optimization of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Crystal Growth for Room Temperature Radiation Detectors by : Kelly Allan Jones
Download or read book Optimization of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Crystal Growth for Room Temperature Radiation Detectors written by Kelly Allan Jones and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Internal Electric Field Behavior of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Radiation Detectors Under High Carrier Injection by :
Download or read book Internal Electric Field Behavior of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Radiation Detectors Under High Carrier Injection written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The behavior of the internal electric-field of nuclear-radiation detectors substantially affects the detector's performance. We investigated the distribution of the internal field in cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors under high carrier injection. We noted the build-up of a space charge region near the cathode that produces a built-in field opposing the applied field. Its presence entails the collapse of the electric field in the rest of detector, other than the portion near the cathode. Such a space-charge region originates from serious hole-trapping in CZT. The device's operating temperature greatly affects the width of the space-charge region. With increasing temperature from 5 C to 35 C, its width expanded from about 1/6 to 1/2 of the total depth of the detector.
Download or read book Scientific/Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparison of actual accomplishments with goals and objectives: (1) Growth of 12 ingots--Washington State University (WSU) more than met this goal for the project by growing 12 final ingots for the year. Nine of the twelve crystal growth ingots resolved gamma radiation at room temperature. The other three ingots where resistivity of H"3 x 108 Ohm*cm for CG32a, CG36, and CG42 lower than expected, however none of these were tried with blocking contacts. All ingots were evaluated from tip to heel. In these three cases, the group III, dopant Aluminum (Al) was not detected to a level to compensate the Cd vacancies in the cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) thus the ingots were lower resistivity. The nine ingots that were successful radiation detectors averaged a bulk resistivity of 1.25 x 101° Ohm*cm and with a average [mu][tau] product for electrons of H"2 x 10−4 cm2/V with a 1/4 microsecond shaping time with samples H" mm in thickness. (2) Attempt new compensations techniques--WSU also met this goal. Several doping schemes were attempted and investigated with various amounts of excess Tellurium added to the growth. The combination of Al and Erbium (Er) were first attempted for these ingots and subsequently CG34 was grown with Al, Er and Holmium. These compensation techniques produced radiation detectors and are currently under investigation. These growths were made with significant different doping levels to determine the affect of the dopants. CG43 was doped with Indium and Er. Indium was introduced instead of Al to determine if Indium is more soluble than Al for CZT and was less oxidized. This may decrease the amount of low resistivity ingots grown by doping with Indium instead of Al. (3) Grow large single crystals--Several changes in approach occurred in the crystal growth furnace. Steps were taken to maximize the crystal growth interface during growth by modifying liners, quartz, heat sinks, crucibles and various growth steps and temperature profiles. CG39 ingot was a single crystal except on the edges. We consider that single crystals are necessary but are not yet the key to the best radiation response. Starting this with very few changes we were unable to reproduce the single crystal in CG40. (4) CZT defect characterization--Upgraded defect characterization techniques and tools were implemented as well improving the cutting process to reduce damage. An automated thermoelectric effect spectroscopy (TEES) and thermally stimulated current (TSC) machine was modified and tested. Infrared transmission microscopy was improved to better analyze the role of these inclusions. These three devices improved defect analysis capabilities and helped produce a presentation.
Book Synopsis Low-cost Cadmium Zinc Telluride Radiation Detectors Based on Electron-transport-only Designs by :
Download or read book Low-cost Cadmium Zinc Telluride Radiation Detectors Based on Electron-transport-only Designs written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this project was to utilize a novel device design to build a compact, high resolution, room temperature operated semiconductor gamma ray sensor. This sensor was constructed from a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) crystal. It was able to both detect total radiation intensity and perform spectroscopy on the detected radiation. CZT detectors produced today have excellent electron charge carrier collection, but suffer from poor hole collection. For conventional gamma-ray spectrometers, both the electrons and holes must be collected with high efficiency to preserve energy resolution. The requirement to collect the hole carriers, which have relatively low lifetimes, limits the efficiency and performance of existing experimental devices. By implementing novel device designs such that the devices rely only on the electron signal for energy information, the sensitivity of the sensors for detecting radiation can be increased substantially. In this report the authors describe a project to develop a new type of electron-only CZT detector. They report on their successful efforts to design, implement and test these new radiation detectors. In addition to the design and construction of the sensors the authors also report, in considerable detail, on the electrical characteristics of the CZT crystals used to make their detectors.
