Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download R And D Investment And International Productivity Differences full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online R And D Investment And International Productivity Differences ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Frank R. Lichtenberg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (52 download)
Download or read book R and D Investment and International Productivity Differences written by Frank R. Lichtenberg and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frank R. Lichtenberg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book R&D investment and international productivity diferences written by Frank R. Lichtenberg and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Elhanan Helpman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book R&D and Productivity written by Elhanan Helpman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries differ greatly in R&D spending, and these differences are particularly striking when comparing developed with developing countries. The paper examines the extent to which the benefits of R&D are concentrated in the investing countries. It is argued that significant benefits spill over to other countries in the world. The argument is supported by quantitative estimates of such cross-country effects.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264044051
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)
Download or read book The Internationalisation of Business R&D Evidence, Impacts and Implications written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-06-06 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyses trends in the offshoring of R&D, examines its drivers and motivations, and identifies implications for innovation policy.
Author : D'Artis Kancs
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (813 download)
Download or read book R&D and Non-linear Productivity Growth of Heterogeneous Firms written by D'Artis Kancs and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bruce Smith
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815720963
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)
Download or read book Technology, R&D, and the Economy written by Bruce Smith and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "How and how much should we seek R&D knowledge to pursue 21st century human and economic goals? The valid options are clearly presented here with incomparable diversity and depth of thought."—Robert W. Galvin, Motorola, Inc. What are the links between technology and the economy? How much does research and development contribute to economic growth and productivity? In 1972, the National Science Foundation sponsored an historic colloquium on research and development and economic growth/productivity. At that time, the entire field of inquiry was in its infancy. Since then, a great deal of research has been devoted to the subject. This authoritative volume revisits the themes of the original conference and summarizes the contributions of research to the economy and society since that time. In this volume, some of the nation's most distinguished economists and science policy specialists assess the current state of knowledge and note the advances since the initial colloquium; examine recent contributions in light of the heightened awareness of the complexity of the R&D process and the increased international competition in many high-technology sectors; and review the broader implications of the contributions of research in areas such as education, health, the environment, and quality of life. They present a broad and up-to-date summary of how R&D and innovation contribute to economic growth and society. Their essays address such issues as the contributions of targeted national research investment, the differences in social and private rates of return from research, the appropriate mix of public and private support for research, and other critical issues. While the book authoritatively answers many questions, new analytical and policy puzzles have arisen. As the nation moves into a new era, the context and assumptions underlying the research system have undergone a transformation. The future roles of industrial research departments, national laboratories, and research universities will be subject to intense debate and scrutiny. This volume presents compelling evidence of the continuing importance of research and technology to vital national goals. In addition to the editors, the contributors are Michael J. Boskin, Harvey Brooks, Susan E. Cozzens, Bronwyn H. Hall, Lawrence J. Lau, Shirley M. Malcom, Edwin Mansfield, Ernest J. Moniz, David C. Mowery, Van Doorn Ooms, Paul Romer, and Charles L. Schultze. Copublished with the American Enterprise Institute
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264239014
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)
Download or read book The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internationally recognised methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the OECD's Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians and science and innovation policy makers worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications ...
Author : Jeffrey I. Bernstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book International R & D Spillovers Between U.S. and Japanese R & D Intensive Sectors written by Jeffrey I. Bernstein and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A great deal of empirical evidence shows that a country's production structure and productivity growth depend on its own R & D capital formation. With the growing role of international trade, foreign investment and international knowledge diffusion, domestic production and productivity also depend on the R & D activities of other countries. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the bilateral link between the U.S. and Japanese economies in terms of how R & D capital formation in one country affects the production structure, physical and R & D capital accumulation, and productivity growth in the other country. We find that production processes become less labor intensive as international R & D spillovers grow. In the short-run, R & D intensity is complementary to the international spillover. This relationship persists in the long-run for the U.S., but the Japanese decrease their own R & D intensity. U.S.R & D capital accounts for 60% of Japanese total factor productivity growth, while Japanese R & D capital contributes 20% to U.S. productivity gains. International spillovers cause social rates of return to be about four times the private returns
Author : Julian M. Alston
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896291162
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)
Download or read book A Meta-analysis of Rates of Return to Agricultural R&D written by Julian M. Alston and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2000 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyze alternative national and international strategies and policies for meeting foof needs of the developing world on a sustainable basis, with particular emphasis on low-income countries and on the poorer groups in those countries.
Author : Philipp Boeing
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book More R&D, Less Growth? written by Philipp Boeing and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovation is widely considered the primary driver of growth in high-income economies. The efficiency by which an economy is able to transform research & development (R&D) inputs into output growth is captured by the measure of research productivity. In a recent study we were able to show that research productivity is declining over time, not just in the U.S., which has been shown before, but also in China and Germany. This implies that new ideas and innovations are universally harder to find. In Germany, business R&D spending has increased by an average of approximately 3.3% per year during the last three decades. At the same time, research productivity has fallen on average by 5.2% per year, which is very similar to the estimates obtained for the U.S. In China, we observe a substantial expansion of research activities during the first and second decade of this century, indicated by a growth rate of 21.9% in research spending. The resulting output growth, however, is not proportional to such inputs, which is reflected by a 23.8% decrease in estimated research productivity, or a reduction by half in only three years. We argue that China's substantial decrease in research productivity is related to diminishing returns to technological catching-up as well as mission-driven policy targeting technological self-sufficiency and national security.
Author : Petra Moser
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022677905X
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)
Download or read book Economics of Research and Innovation in Agriculture written by Petra Moser and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-10-08 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The challenges facing agriculture are plenty. Along with the world's growing population and diminishing amounts of water and arable land, the gradual increase in severe weather presents new challenges and imperatives for producing new, more resilient crops to feed a more crowded planet in the twenty-first century. Innovation has historically helped agriculture keep pace with earth's social, population, and ecological changes. In the last 50 years, mechanical, biological, and chemical innovations have more than doubled agricultural output while barely changing input quantities. The ample investment behind these innovations was available because of a high rate of return: a 2007 paper found that the median ROI in agriculture was 45 percent between 1965 and 2005. This landscape has changed. Today many of the world's wealthier countries have scaled back their share of GDP devoted to agricultural R&D amid evidence of diminishing returns. Universities, which have historically been a major source of agricultural innovation, increasingly depend on funding from industry rather than government to fund their research. As Upton Sinclair wrote of the effects industry influences, "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it." In this volume of the NBER Conference Report series, editor Petra Moser offers an empirical, applied-economic framework to the different elements of agricultural R&D, particularly as they relate to the shift from public to private funding. Individual chapters examine the sources of agricultural knowledge and investigate challenges for measuring the returns to the adoption of new agricultural technologies, examine knowledge spillovers from universities to agricultural innovation, and explore interactions between university engagement and scientific productivity. Additional analysis of agricultural venture capital point to it as an emerging and future source of resource in this essential domain"--
Author : Inter-American Development Bank
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349581518
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (495 download)
Download or read book Firm Innovation and Productivity in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Inter-American Development Bank and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume uses the study of firm dynamics to investigate the factors preventing faster productivity growth in Latin America and the Caribbean, pushing past the limits of traditional macroeconomic analyses. Each chapter is dedicated to an examination of a different factor affecting firm productivity - innovation, ICT usage, on-the-job-training, firm age, access to credit, and international linkages - highlighting the differences in firm characteristics, behaviors, and strategies. By showcasing this remarkable heterogeneity, this collection challenges regional policymakers to look beyond one-size-fits-all solutions and create balanced policy mixes tailored to distinct firm needs. This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO license.
Author : Deutsche Bundesbank
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540412892
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (128 download)
Download or read book Investing Today for the World of Tomorrow written by Deutsche Bundesbank and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-03-13 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment is crucial to the development of a nation's economy and welfare. In contrast to the United States, investment in Europe has been quite modest over the past few years. This volume gathers together a number of papers by prominent researchers in the field of investment. It provides an overview of recent developments in this area and presents new empirical findings on the determinants and implications of the investment process in European countries. Topics include: role of taxation, uncertainty and the financial systems, as well as the relevance of corporate governance to the investment process. Two chapters are dedicated to infrastructure investment and foreign direct investment.
Author : Franco Malerba
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139454161
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Sectoral Systems of Innovation written by Franco Malerba and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-12 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a novel way of examining innovation in sectors by proposing the framework of sectoral systems of innovation. It analyses the innovation process, the factors affecting innovation, the changing boundaries and transformation of sectors, and the determinants of the innovation performance of firms and countries in different sectors.
Author : Rui Xu
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484326008
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Does Import Competition Induce R&D Reallocation? Evidence from the U.S. written by Rui Xu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the impact of rising import competition from China on U.S. innovative activities. Using Compustat data, we find that import competition induces R&D expenditures to be reallocated towards more productive and more profitable firms within each industry. Such reallocation effect has the potential to offset the average drop in firm-level R&D identified in the previous literature. Indeed, our quantitative analysis shows no adverse impact of import competition on aggregate R&D expenditures. Taking the analysis beyond manufacturing, we find that import competition has led to reallocation of researchers towards booming service industries, including business and repairs, personal services, and financial services.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264043462
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide for constructing and using composite indicators for policy makers, academics, the media and other interested parties. In particular, this handbook is concerned with indicators which compare and rank country performance.
Author : Gregory Tassey
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313370435
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (133 download)
Download or read book The Economics of R&D Policy written by Gregory Tassey and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1997-11-25 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industry officials and government policymakers have for some time decried the lack of a framework for establishing and defending Research and Development (R&D) policies. Effective policy requires an understanding of the underlying economics. This book offers models and analysis of the economic elements that drive technology-based growth with emphasis on their implications for policy analysis. It also compares existing U.S. policies with those used in Europe and Japan. The results of these models and analysis is a framework for matching various forms of underinvestment with efficient strategic and policy responses. This market-failure based approach enables industry and government R&D initiatives to be developed, analyzed, and implemented with greater success than previously attained. The first part of the book analyzes economic trends to show how they are affected by technological change and the evolving nature of foreign competition. R&D spending patterns are studied to identify and characterize market failures that prevent adequate private-sector investments in technology. A model is presented for a typical technology-based industry. The second part looks at specific technologies and policies that impact R&D investment and that have been the subject of intense policy debate.
