Quarterly bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: 2021Q1- 2022Q4

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Quarterly bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: 2021Q1- 2022Q4 by : Ahmed, Mosab O. M.

Download or read book Quarterly bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: 2021Q1- 2022Q4 written by Ahmed, Mosab O. M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-04-14 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - Average international prices of wheat, sorghum, rice, and sugar slightly increased in Q4 of 2022 compared to Q3. Import parity prices decreased during the same period because of the reduction in the freight cost to Port Sudan. - Annual inflation2 decreased from three-digit inflation (260.6 percent) in 2022Q1 to 92.6 percent in 2022Q4. - Quarterly changes in the price of non-volatile commodities (core inflation) 3 increased slightly in Q4 compared to Q3 of 2022 due to the increase in the housing rents, education, communication, and processed food prices. - Retail prices of food commodities were relatively stable during the last two quarters of 2022 com pared to the previous quarters of 2021 and 2022. - Nominal wholesale prices of grains in Khartoum State increased gradually from 2021Q2 to reach a peak in 2022Q3, before dropping in real and nominal terms in 2022Q4. - Although the national average of causal labor daily wage was increasing over time nominally (2021Q2–2022Q4), it was decreasing in real terms in 2022Q4. - Poorer urban and rural households (bottom 40 percent) were more affected by the changes in the prices of food and beverage commodities during 2022Q4 than richer households (top 60 percent). - Blue Nile, Darfur, and Eastern regions have the highest food insecure population classified in crisis or emergency.

Quarterly bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: 2021Q1- 2022Q4 [in Arabic]

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Quarterly bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: 2021Q1- 2022Q4 [in Arabic] by : Ahmed, Mosab O. M.

Download or read book Quarterly bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: 2021Q1- 2022Q4 [in Arabic] written by Ahmed, Mosab O. M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-04-14 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: January 2023

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: January 2023 by : Ahmed, Mosab O. M.

Download or read book Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: January 2023 written by Ahmed, Mosab O. M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-03-28 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International prices of food commodities continued to decrease in January 2023 especially for vegetable oils, sugar, dairy, and meat. Resulting in further sluggish overall price inflation in January 2023 of 83.6 compared to 87.3 percent in December 2022. The national retail prices of food commodities in January 2023 increased slightly compared to December 2022. Fluctuations in the exchange rate were associated with the change in local prices of imported commodities such as wheat and sugar. Food prices in relatively unstable states were higher than the national average. The monthly inflation rate of food and beverages decreased by 0.2 percent in January 2023 compared to December 2022 driven by the declining CPI for the vegetables and fruits.

Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022 by : Ahmed, Mosab O. M.

Download or read book Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022 written by Ahmed, Mosab O. M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-02-08 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights: • The decline in international prices, especially for food commodities, helped to limit overall price inflation in Sudan in November and December 2022. Consequently, the annual inflation rates in these months were lower than the inflation rate in October 2022. • Local prices of some food commodities noticeably decreased in November 2022 compared to October 2022, especially for cereals (wheat, millet, and sorghum). This decline continued in December 2022. • Local prices of internationally traded food commodities were affected by the fluctuations in the exchange rate during December 2021 to December 2022. • Higher inflation rates are observed in relatively unstable states (in urban and rural areas) compared to the national average. • The monthly inflation rate of food and beverages decreased to 59 percent in November from 70 percent in October 2022 driven by the declining CPI for the bread and cereals group.

Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022 [in Arabic]

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022 [in Arabic] by : Ahmed, Mosab O. M.

Download or read book Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022 [in Arabic] written by Ahmed, Mosab O. M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-02-08 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights: • The decline in international prices, especially for food commodities, helped to limit overall price inflation in Sudan in November and December 2022. Consequently, the annual inflation rates in these months were lower than the inflation rate in October 2022. • Local prices of some food commodities noticeably decreased in November 2022 compared to October 2022, especially for cereals (wheat, millet, and sorghum). This decline continued in December 2022. • Local prices of internationally traded food commodities were affected by the fluctuations in the exchange rate during December 2021 to December 2022. • Higher inflation rates are observed in relatively unstable states (in urban and rural areas) compared to the national average. • The monthly inflation rate of food and beverages decreased to 59 percent in November from 70 percent in October 2022 driven by the declining CPI for the bread and cereals group.

The economy-wide impact of Sudan’s ongoing conflict: Implications on economic activity, agrifood system and poverty

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The economy-wide impact of Sudan’s ongoing conflict: Implications on economic activity, agrifood system and poverty by : Siddig, Khalid

Download or read book The economy-wide impact of Sudan’s ongoing conflict: Implications on economic activity, agrifood system and poverty written by Siddig, Khalid and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The armed conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Sudan entered its sixth month since it erupted on April 15th, 2023, with no signs of ending soon. The war has caused severe humanitarian catastrophe, destroyed key infrastructure, and constrained trade and production activities. Moreover, it disrupted access to public utilities, financial services, and markets, hence, triggering considerable scarcity of goods and services. In this paper, we utilize a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) Multiplier modeling framework to assess the economywide implications of these disruptions of economic activity, productive resources, and livelihoods. Results reveal that the economy would shrink to nearly half its size before the war, household incomes decline by more than 40 percent in urban and rural areas, and the number of poor people increase by 1.8 million if the war continues until the end of the year. The impact would have been two thirds less should the war have ended before July 2023 and would be one third less if it would end before October 2023. This study therefore calls for rapid interventions from all relevant parties to help reach an end to the fighting.

Monitoring indicators of economic activity in Sudan amidst ongoing conflict using satellite data

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Monitoring indicators of economic activity in Sudan amidst ongoing conflict using satellite data by : Abushama, Hala

Download or read book Monitoring indicators of economic activity in Sudan amidst ongoing conflict using satellite data written by Abushama, Hala and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-06-06 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The confrontation in Sudan between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) had persisted for months before escalating into an armed conflict on April 15th, 2023. Besides the severe humanitarian catastrophe, the war has disrupted access to power, water, health services, and banking services while also disrupting access to markets triggering considerable scarcity of goods and services. The conflict has destroyed key infrastructure, constraining domestic and international trade and disrupting production activities and supply chains. In this paper, we utilize satellite data to provide a swift analysis of how the conflict has changed patterns of economic activity, which are bound to have severe implications on food security in Sudan. We also describe how remote sensing and data collection methods can be deployed to monitor economic activities amidst armed conflicts.

Impact of the ongoing conflict on smallholder farmers in Sudan: Evidence from a nationwide survey

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of the ongoing conflict on smallholder farmers in Sudan: Evidence from a nationwide survey by : Kirui, Oliver

Download or read book Impact of the ongoing conflict on smallholder farmers in Sudan: Evidence from a nationwide survey written by Kirui, Oliver and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2024-01-03 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study addresses the impact of the ongoing conflict in Sudan on smallholder farmers' intentions and challenges during the 2023 summer agricultural season. A nationally representative survey of 3,284 smallholder farmers was conducted. Due to the security hazards and connectivity challenges, we used a combination of three interview types, Interactive Voice Recording (IVR), Computer-Assisted-Tele phone-Interviews (CATI) and face-to-face (in-person) interviews. Key findings are that close to a third of the farmers were displaced from their farms’ locations and 40 percent were unable to prepare for planting season because of the conflict. Most of the farmers who did not prepare for the summer season at the time of the interview were not intending to plant later in the season. The key challenges that pre vented them from planting were the lack of finance to buy agricultural inputs (such as seeds and fertilizers) and/or to hire farm labor. This is compounded by bad weather conditions, poor quality of the local seed varieties, higher cost of improved seeds, and delayed rains (climate challenges). In addition, the ongoing conflict has had direct and indirect impacts that prevented many farmers from planting this season. It disrupted market functionality and reduced the availability of and/or raised the cost of agricultural inputs and farm labor. The lack of finances has also seen farmers reduce the size of the area they planted this season compared to last year’s season. The compounding challenges of these reduced production are expected to be felt as soon as the harvest season begins. The implications suggest the need for rapid intervention to support farmers during the harvest and winter seasons to mitigate the impact of the conflict on agricultural activities.

Introducing Advanced Macroeconomics

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Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN 13 : 9780077117863
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Introducing Advanced Macroeconomics by : Peter Birch Sørensen

Download or read book Introducing Advanced Macroeconomics written by Peter Birch Sørensen and published by McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing Advanced Macroeconomics: Growth and Business Cycles, 2nd Edition provides students with a thorough understanding of fundamental models in macroeconomics and introduces them to methods of formal macroeconomic analysis. Split into two sections, the first half of the book focuses on macroeconomics for the long run, introducing and developing basic models of growth and structural unemployment. The second half of the book deals with the economy in the short run, focusing on the explanation of business fluctuations. This new edition retains the popular pitch and level established in the 1st edition and continues to bridge the gap between intermediate macroeconomics texts and more advanced textbooks.

Impacts of COVID-19 on food security: Panel data evidence from Nigeria

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Impacts of COVID-19 on food security: Panel data evidence from Nigeria by : Amare, Mulubrhan

Download or read book Impacts of COVID-19 on food security: Panel data evidence from Nigeria written by Amare, Mulubrhan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper combines pre-pandemic face-to-face survey data with follow up phone surveys collected in April-May 2020 to quantify the overall and differential impacts of COVID-19 on household food security, labor market participation and local food prices in Nigeria. We exploit spatial variation in exposure to COVID-19 related infections and lockdown measures along with temporal differences in our outcomes of interest using a difference-in-difference approach. We find that those households exposed to higher COVID-19 cases or mobility lockdowns experience a significant increase in measures of food insecurity. Examining possible transmission channels for this effect, we find that COVID-19 significantly reduces labor market participation and increases food prices. We find that impacts differ by economic activities and households. For instance, lockdown measures increased households' experience of food insecurity by 12 percentage points and reduced the probability of participation in non-farm business activities by 13 percentage points. These lockdown measures have smaller impacts on wage-related activities and farming activities. In terms of food security, households relying on non-farm businesses, poorer households, those with school-aged children, and those living in remote and conflicted-affected zones have experienced relatively larger deteriorations in food insecurity. These findings can help inform immediate and medium-term policy responses, including social protection policies aiming at ameliorating the impacts of the pandemic, as well as guide targeting strategies of governments and international donor agencies by identifying the most impacted sub-populations.

Sierra Leone: Third and Fourth Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement, Requests for Extension and Rephasing of the Arrangement, Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances Review-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Sierra Leone

Download Sierra Leone: Third and Fourth Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement, Requests for Extension and Rephasing of the Arrangement, Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances Review-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Sierra Leone PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513590782
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Sierra Leone: Third and Fourth Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement, Requests for Extension and Rephasing of the Arrangement, Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances Review-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Sierra Leone by : International Monetary

Download or read book Sierra Leone: Third and Fourth Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement, Requests for Extension and Rephasing of the Arrangement, Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances Review-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Sierra Leone written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-08-13 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following two emergency Rapid Credit Facility disbursements in June 2020 and March 2021 to assist in addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Sierra Leonean authorities are committed to resuming the program supported by the Extended Credit Facility arrangement. The program is an important policy anchor for the authorities, and its main objectives—revenue mobilization, safeguarding financial stability, and addressing external vulnerabilities—remain valid. While an economic recovery is underway, driven by the mining sector, risks to the outlook are considerable and, the risk of debt distress is high but remains sustainable. This is predicated on the authorities’ ambitious fiscal adjustment and continued reliance on concessional financing and grants. External vulnerabilities are expected to persist over the medium term.

Post-harvest losses in rural-urban value chains: Evidence from Ethiopia

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Post-harvest losses in rural-urban value chains: Evidence from Ethiopia by : Minten, Bart

Download or read book Post-harvest losses in rural-urban value chains: Evidence from Ethiopia written by Minten, Bart and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study post-harvest losses (PHL) in important and rapidly growing rural-urban value chains in Ethiopia. We analyze self-reported PHL from different value chain agents – farmers, wholesale traders, processors, and retailers – based on unique large-scale data sets for two major commercial commodities, the storable staple teff and the perishable liquid milk. PHL in the most prevalent value chain pathways for teff and milk amount to between 2.2 and 3.3 percent and 2.1 and 4.3 percent of total produced quantities, respectively. We complement these findings with primary data from urban food retailers for more than 4,000 commodities. Estimates of PHL from this research overall are found to be significantly lower than is commonly assumed. We further find that the emerging modern retail sector in Ethiopia is characterized by half the level of PHL than are observed in the traditional retail sector. This is likely due to more stringent quality requirements at procurement, sales of more packaged – and therefore better protected – commodities, and better refrigeration, storage, and sales facilities. The further expected expansion of modern retail in these settings should likely lead to a lowering of PHL in food value chains, at least at the retail level.

Regulating Public Services

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108833950
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulating Public Services by : Emmanuelle Auriol

Download or read book Regulating Public Services written by Emmanuelle Auriol and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the tools needed to analyse the present and the future of economic regulation.

FDI to Africa

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451842716
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis FDI to Africa by : Mr.Kenneth Rogoff

Download or read book FDI to Africa written by Mr.Kenneth Rogoff and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa lags behind other regions in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). In some circumstances, there are obvious explanations for the absence of FDI, such as a high incidence of war. In this paper, we examine the role that monetary and exchange rate policy may have played in explaining this outcome. Specifically, we document the incidence of inflationary episodes and currency crashes in order to compare countries within the region as well as to make comparisons with other regions. Furthermore, since monetary policy can range from very transparent to very opaque, we assess Africa's track record with dual and parallel markets. We use the parallel market premia as an indicator of the degree of distortions and extent of transparency. Our findings suggest that this is a promising line of inquiry because Africa does stand apart from other regions in this measure of transparency. We also discuss some of the fiscal underpinnings of Africa's bouts with high inflation.

Agricultural development: New perspectives in a changing world

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896293831
Total Pages : 798 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural development: New perspectives in a changing world by : Otsuka, Keijiro, ed.

Download or read book Agricultural development: New perspectives in a changing world written by Otsuka, Keijiro, ed. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-01-14 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural Development: New Perspectives in a Changing World is the first comprehensive exploration of key emerging issues facing developing-country agriculture today, from rapid urbanization to rural transformation to climate change. In this four-part volume, top experts offer the latest research in the field of agricultural development. Using new lenses to examine today’s biggest challenges, contributors address topics such as nutrition and health, gender and household decision-making, agrifood value chains, natural resource management, and political economy. The book also covers most developing regions, providing a critical global perspective at a time when many pressing challenges extend beyond national borders. Tying all this together, Agricultural Development explores policy options and strategies for developing sustainable agriculture and reducing food insecurity and malnutrition. The changing global landscape combined with new and better data, technologies, and understanding means that agriculture can and must contribute to a wider range of development outcomes than ever before, including reducing poverty, ensuring adequate nutrition, creating strong food value chains, improving environmental sustainability, and promoting gender equity and equality. Agricultural Development: New Perspectives in a Changing World, with its unprecedented breadth and scope, will be an indispensable resource for the next generation of policymakers, researchers, and students dedicated to improving agriculture for global wellbeing.

The impact of Ethiopia’s direct seed marketing approach on smallholders’ access to seeds, productivity, and commercialization

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The impact of Ethiopia’s direct seed marketing approach on smallholders’ access to seeds, productivity, and commercialization by : Mekonnen, Dawit Kelemework

Download or read book The impact of Ethiopia’s direct seed marketing approach on smallholders’ access to seeds, productivity, and commercialization written by Mekonnen, Dawit Kelemework and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-01-27 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several factors contribute to the low level of improved variety use in Ethiopia. Among those, on the supply side, is the limited availability of seed in the volumes, quality, and timeliness required by farmers, which is partly a result of limited public and private investment in the sector. Beginning in 2011, the Government of Ethiopia introduced a novel experiment-the Direct Seed Marketing (DSM) approach-to reduce some of the centralized, state-run attributes of the country’s seed market and rationalize the use of public resources. DSM was designed to incentivize private and public seed producers to sell seed directly to farmers rather than through the state apparatus. This study is the first quantitative evaluation of DSM’s impact on indicators of a healthy seed system: access to quality seeds, on-farm productivity, and market participation of smallholders. Using a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach, the study finds that DSM led to a 26 percent increase in maize yields and a 5 percent increase in the share of maize harvest sold. DSM also led to improvements in seed availability for all three of Ethiopia’s major cereals: maize, wheat, and teff. However, DSM’s effects on yields and share of harvest sold are not statistically significant for wheat and teff. These crop-specific differences in performance are likely explainable by biological differences between hybrid maize and openly pollinated varieties of wheat and teff that incentivize private sector participation in maize seed markets over wheat and teff seed markets. These differences demand different policies and perhaps even institutional approaches to accelerating adoption between hybrids and OPVs.

Agriculture and youth in Nigeria: Aspirations, challenges, constraints, and resilience

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Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture and youth in Nigeria: Aspirations, challenges, constraints, and resilience by : ElDidi, Hagar

Download or read book Agriculture and youth in Nigeria: Aspirations, challenges, constraints, and resilience written by ElDidi, Hagar and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nigeria’s rural youth are facing various challenges in agriculture, with limited job opportunities outside the sector. Using qualitative focus group discussions and individual interviews with youth in four communities in two Nigerian states, the paper reflects on nuanced differences in perceptions of opportunities, coping mechanisms and overall resilience of youth in rural Nigeria, as well as differential access to information, inputs and irrigation based on age, gender and community. We apply the GCAN framework, to illustrate the factors that shape resilience pathways in the context of climate change and other shocks and stressors. Many of the constraints rural youth face are faced by other groups, including lack of finance, farm inputs and modern equipment for production and processing. Yet, youth face higher and specific hurdles related to lack of capital, experience and a strong social capital and networks that would facilitate coping with climatic and other shocks and improving their livelihoods. Young women in particular have less access to information and irrigation, and are less likely to benefit from cooperative memberships. Nevertheless, young men and women have higher resilience compared to older groups in terms of health, mobility and ability to migrate, as well as easier access to the internet as a source of information. Youth can better build resilience and a network and receive government assistance when part of a cooperative. Nevertheless, a larger enabling environment in the sector is needed, to improve roads, access to markets, information, inputs and equipment to support young farmers who cannot leave the agriculture sector. A promising factor is that many young men and women realize the importance of agriculture and aspire to become successful in the sector.