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Quantifying Groundwater Recharge Dynamics Using A Process Based Distributed Hydrologic Model
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Book Synopsis Quantifying Groundwater Recharge Dynamics Using a Process-based Distributed Hydrologic Model by : Guoting Kang
Download or read book Quantifying Groundwater Recharge Dynamics Using a Process-based Distributed Hydrologic Model written by Guoting Kang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantifying Groundwater Recharge Under Dynamic Seasonality in Cold Climates by : Ehsan Pasha
Download or read book Quantifying Groundwater Recharge Under Dynamic Seasonality in Cold Climates written by Ehsan Pasha and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimating groundwater recharge in cold climates during periods of dynamic seasonality such as winter melt periods and spring freshets is challenging due to subsurface heterogeneities and the complexity of vadose zone processes under partially frozen conditions. In order to obtain robust recharge estimates, numerical models simulating these complex processes need to be based on reliable parameter estimates and closely calibrated to field observations. This study focuses on quantifying recharge under an ephemeral stream that occasionally develops in the vicinity of a municipal well field during winter melts and spring freshets at a site in southern Ontario. Temperature and moisture content profiles in the vadose zone were obtained during the 2015 spring melt at three different locations (Stations), using a variety of hydrogeological instruments. Temperature thermisters were installed at 15-30 cm spacings from near ground surface to the depth of the water table in order to monitor transient heat migration during periods of rapid recharge. Similarly, transient soil water contend data were collected through the vadose zone at each site with a neutron probe. Water table fluctuations were monitored both directly at the study Stations as well as in a network of monitoring wells located around the Site, and where applicable the water table fluctuation method was used to estimate localized recharge. A transducers was installed at the ground surface near a study station directly in the path of the ephemeral stream to monitor surface water levels. Relevant meteorological data such as air temperature and precipitation was collected at a meteorological station installed in close vicinity of the study site during previous studies at the site. These combined data sets were used to document and quantify groundwater recharge magnitude and duration during the spring melt event and also provided the boundary conditions for the numerical model (Hydrus 1D) and allowed for its calibration and validation. Numerical models were developed at three stations to simulate water flow and heat transport in partially saturated media with transient boundary conditions based on the site-specific soil stratigraphy. Hydraulic and heat parameters were specified based on a combination of site-specific studies and literature values. The cumulative infiltration estimates from the modelling exercise calculated in the Hydrus 1D package through water balance computations, showed a high variability in infiltration estimates at the three stations, demonstrating the extent of spatially variable recharge. Regions of rapid infiltration were observed at the site, as well as steep temperature gradients, which were used to help quantify recharge dynamics. The temperature and moisture content data provided support of surface water, groundwater interaction within event-based time periods predicted by the numerical models. The cumulative infiltration estimates at two of the stations over the brief spring melt period was higher than the average annual infiltration in the region, with one station being almost twice that amount (72 cm over 3 days), indicating that a significant pulse of water can infiltrate under relatively cold conditions in a very short period of time. Based on the subsurface temperature data, the transient nature of the frost layer appears to influence the timing of the recharge event and is therefore critical in accurate estimates of recharge under these cold climate conditions. Furthermore, Christie et al., 2009 found that surface water samples from the ephemeral stream at the study site had high concentrations of microbial indicator species, and therefore the intense recharge phenomena observed at the site has significant implications to groundwater vulnerability. An estimate of the total volume of recharge that can occur in the vicinity of the study site under transient conditions shows that a volume of water equal to the amount pumped per day (1 million Imperial gallons) by one of the downstream municipal wells can infiltrate within the brief spring melt period. The results of this study are important in managing the sustainability of groundwater resources from surface contaminants such as pathogens and for informing source water protection strategies in response to dynamic seasonality.
Book Synopsis Runoff Generation, Infiltration Dynamics, and Recharge Across Multiple Scales by : Sarah Beganskas
Download or read book Runoff Generation, Infiltration Dynamics, and Recharge Across Multiple Scales written by Sarah Beganskas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater is a critical resource facing declining supply and quality around the world. Distributed stormwater collection coupled with managed aquifer recharge (DSC-MAR) is a developing strategy to enhance groundwater recharge by collecting excess hillslope runoff in infiltration basins. DSC-MAR projects provide opportunities to learn about the inter-related hydrologic processes of runoff generation, infiltration, and recharge in the context of sustainable groundwater management. The three chapters presented here use interdisciplinary approaches to study these processes at multiple scales, including (1) regional computer models evaluating the impact of shifting climate and land use on runoff generation and recharge, (2) multi-year field observations quantifying the dynamics of runoff generation and infiltration, and (3) field-based experiments linking hydrologic, geochemical, and microbial processes during rapid infiltration. In Chapter 1, models suggest that urban and agricultural development reduce the threshold for runoff generation relative to pre-development land use, resulting in up to 2.3 times as much runoff and less recharge basin-wide. When incorporated into an MAR suitability map combining soil, bedrock, and aquifer properties, model results demonstrate that DSC-MAR projects could be effective in many locations during a range of climate scenarios. Field results from Chapter 2 show that a pilot DSC-MAR project was successful, collecting and infiltrating 5.3 x 105 m3 (426 ac-ft) over six years, including an extended regional drought. Runoff generation was sensitive to sub-daily storm frequency, duration, and intensity; observed infiltration rates varied widely in space and time; and 8.2 x 10 5 kg of fine-grained sediment accumulated in the infiltration basin over three years, likely reducing soil infiltration capacity. In Chapter 3, soils below a horizontal permeable reactive barrier (PRB) made of woodchips had greater nitrate removal (1.5 g/m2/day NO3-N) than un-amended native soils (0.09 g/m2/day NO3-N), despite rapid infiltration up to 1.9 m/d. Many putative denitrifying bacteria were enhanced in soils below the PRB. A PRB seemed to create favorable conditions for denitrification in underlying soils and could be applied to improve water quality during DSC-MAR. Collectively, the results of these studies advance our understanding of fundamental hydrologic processes and inform strategies to improve groundwater supply and quality.
Book Synopsis Exploring the Influence of Land-use and Climate on Regional Hydrology and Groundwater Recharge by : Dushmantha Helapriya Jayawickreme
Download or read book Exploring the Influence of Land-use and Climate on Regional Hydrology and Groundwater Recharge written by Dushmantha Helapriya Jayawickreme and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Groundwater Recharge with Application to Sampling Design by : Igor Janković
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Groundwater Recharge with Application to Sampling Design written by Igor Janković and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most influential process for the groundwater shallow aquifer monitoring is groundwater recharge. This study focuses on defining and quantifying the groundwater recharge as a process primarily resulting from precipitation. The spatial and temporal distribution of the recharge was analyzed through a numerical experiment designed to realistically describe a shallow aquifer case. The spatial and temporal structure of the recharge was examined and quantified as a function of precipitation events and soil heterogeneity. The quantified spatial and temporal distribution of the groundwater recharge then was used to demostrate its influence on sampling network design. It was found that the temporal variability of the recharge has a major impact on the design of groundwater flow monitoring networks.
Book Synopsis Effective Groundwater Model Calibration by : Mary C. Hill
Download or read book Effective Groundwater Model Calibration written by Mary C. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-08-25 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods and guidelines for developing and using mathematical models Turn to Effective Groundwater Model Calibration for a set of methods and guidelines that can help produce more accurate and transparent mathematical models. The models can represent groundwater flow and transport and other natural and engineered systems. Use this book and its extensive exercises to learn methods to fully exploit the data on hand, maximize the model's potential, and troubleshoot any problems that arise. Use the methods to perform: Sensitivity analysis to evaluate the information content of data Data assessment to identify (a) existing measurements that dominate model development and predictions and (b) potential measurements likely to improve the reliability of predictions Calibration to develop models that are consistent with the data in an optimal manner Uncertainty evaluation to quantify and communicate errors in simulated results that are often used to make important societal decisions Most of the methods are based on linear and nonlinear regression theory. Fourteen guidelines show the reader how to use the methods advantageously in practical situations. Exercises focus on a groundwater flow system and management problem, enabling readers to apply all the methods presented in the text. The exercises can be completed using the material provided in the book, or as hands-on computer exercises using instructions and files available on the text's accompanying Web site. Throughout the book, the authors stress the need for valid statistical concepts and easily understood presentation methods required to achieve well-tested, transparent models. Most of the examples and all of the exercises focus on simulating groundwater systems; other examples come from surface-water hydrology and geophysics. The methods and guidelines in the text are broadly applicable and can be used by students, researchers, and engineers to simulate many kinds systems.
Download or read book Hydrogeophysics written by Yorum Rubin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-06 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ground-breaking work is the first to cover the fundamentals of hydrogeophysics from both the hydrogeological and geophysical perspectives. Authored by leading experts and expert groups, the book starts out by explaining the fundamentals of hydrological characterization, with focus on hydrological data acquisition and measurement analysis as well as geostatistical approaches. The fundamentals of geophysical characterization are then at length, including the geophysical techniques that are often used for hydrogeological characterization. Unlike other books, the geophysical methods and petrophysical discussions presented here emphasize the theory, assumptions, approaches, and interpretations that are particularly important for hydrogeological applications. A series of hydrogeophysical case studies illustrate hydrogeophysical approaches for mapping hydrological units, estimation of hydrogeological parameters, and monitoring of hydrogeological processes. Finally, the book concludes with hydrogeophysical frontiers, i.e. on emerging technologies and stochastic hydrogeophysical inversion approaches.
Book Synopsis Assessing Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Groundwater Recharge on Catalina Island, California, from Soil Water Balance Modeling by : Jeanette Harlow
Download or read book Assessing Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Groundwater Recharge on Catalina Island, California, from Soil Water Balance Modeling written by Jeanette Harlow and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Quantifying groundwater recharge is of crucial importance for sustainable groundwater management. While many recharge quantification techniques have been devised, few provide spatially and temporally distributed estimates for regional-scale water resource assessments. In this study, a GIS-based and USGS-developed recharge quantification tool—the Soil Water Balance (SWB) model—was applied to produce fine-tuned recharge constraints and document spatial and temporal dynamics of recharge. SWB has, as of yet, been tested solely in coastal and continental temperate-humid climate zones. This study expands testing of SWB to a Mediterranean climate zone, focusing on Catalina Island, California. Catalina has experienced significant water supply issues due to a prolonged drought. Using available climate, land use/land cover and hydrology data, the SWB model yields annual recharge values for the time period 2008–2014 of 0.05 mm/year to over 82 mm/year. Results of this thesis provide information on spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater recharge on Catalina Island.
Book Synopsis Groundwater Recharge from Run-off, Infiltration and Percolation by : K.-P. Seiler
Download or read book Groundwater Recharge from Run-off, Infiltration and Percolation written by K.-P. Seiler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-26 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To face the threats to the water supply and to maintain sustainable water management policies, detailed knowledge is needed on the surface-to-subsurface transformation link in the water cycle. Recharge flux is covered in this book as well as many other groundwater issues, including a comparison of the traditional and modern approaches to determine groundwater recharge. The authors also explain in detail the fate of groundwater recharge in the subsurface by hydraulic and geologic means, in order to stimulate adapted groundwater-management strategies.
Book Synopsis PHYSICAL HYDROLOGY by : S. LAWRENCE DINGMAN.
Download or read book PHYSICAL HYDROLOGY written by S. LAWRENCE DINGMAN. and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Stewart W. Franks Publisher :International Assn of Hydrological Sciences ISBN 13 :9781901502381 Total Pages :348 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (23 download)
Book Synopsis Predictions in Ungauged Basins by : Stewart W. Franks
Download or read book Predictions in Ungauged Basins written by Stewart W. Franks and published by International Assn of Hydrological Sciences. This book was released on 2005 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrological prediction where data are available is relatively easily achieved, albeit subject to uncertainty that is often unquantified. But, ungauged catchments (by far the majority) present major difficulties for hydrological prediction, hence the IAHS Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB) initiative. This volume combines chapters presenting innovative theoretical and practical possibilities of different approaches for prediction, with contributions describing the differing perspectives and specific needs of Australia and Japan in particular.
Book Synopsis Field-based Estimation and Modelling of Distributed Groundwater Recharge in a Mediterranean Karst Catchment, Wadi Natuf, West Bank by : Clemens Messerschmid
Download or read book Field-based Estimation and Modelling of Distributed Groundwater Recharge in a Mediterranean Karst Catchment, Wadi Natuf, West Bank written by Clemens Messerschmid and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: While groundwater recharge is one of the most prominently covered subjects in hydrogeology, the spatial distribution of recharge has been given relatively little attention, especially in semi-arid, karstic aquifers. Under conditions of highly diverse geology, relief, vegetation and land use, the complexity and variability of spatially distributed hydrological processes remains a challenge in many regions around the world. This is particularly true for hitherto ungauged basins, such as Wadi Natuf, a 103 km2 large karstic Eastern Mediterranean watershed in the Palestinian upstream mountain and recharge area of the Western Aquifer Basin (WAB), which is shared with Israel in the coastal plain. In this first in a series of two papers, distributed recharge is estimated and represented, based on 7 years of extensive field observations and measurements and based conceptually on observable physical landscape features such as geology, land use and land cover (LU/LC) and especially soil conditions. For the first time in the WAB, a forward calculated soil moisture and percolation model (SMSP) was set up with parameters directly gained from field observations. The model was parameterised in a strictly parsimonious manner, as a one-dimensional model (a.k.a. "tank", bucket or box model). This is based on dominant hydrological processes, in particular saturation excess in the soil column, and identifying patterns of linkage between different landscape features. Average soil thickness was encountered at the range of decimetres, rarely above one metre. Both soil thickness and LU/LC features, such as terraced olive groves or forests as well as grassland or barren rock outcrops, were found to be highly formation specific. This linkage allowed us to further simplify the model and its requirements in a realistic manner for eight soil moisture stations, chosen at six different geological formations with typical soil and LU/LC representations. The main result of the model was the determination of formation-specific recharge coefficients, spatially ranging between 0 % and almost 60 % of annual rainfall or up to 300 mm a−1 in Wadi Natuf's climate. The karstified main aquifers showed recharge coefficients (RC) above 40 % and even the less prominent slightly aquitardal local aquifers reached RC values above 30 %. The model was separately tested on two conceptual levels: on the level of basin form (soil moisture) and basin response (signatures of peak recharge and local spring discharge events) under well-controlled conditions in isolated sub-catchments. In principle, our approach is applicable in many of the scarcely gauged karstic groundwater basins around the world with a highly diverse landscape and geology
Book Synopsis Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology by : C. Kendall
Download or read book Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology written by C. Kendall and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a new "earth systems" approach to catchments that encompasses the physical and biogeochemical interactions that control the hydrology and biogeochemistry of the system. The text provides a comprehensive treatment of the fundamentals of catchment hydrology, principles of isotope geochemistry, and the isotope variability in the hydrologic cycle -- but the main focus of the book is on case studies in isotope hydrology and isotope geochemistry that explore the applications of isotope techniques for investigating modern environmental problems. Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology is the first synthesis of physical hydrology and isotope geochemistry with catchment focus, and is a valuable reference for professionals and students alike in the fields of hydrology, hydrochemistry, and environmental science. This important interdisciplinary text provides extensive guidelines for the application of isotope techniques for all investigatores facing the challenge of protecting precious water, soil, and ecological resources from the ever-increasing problems associated with population growth and environmental change, including those from urban development and agricultural land uses.
Book Synopsis Environmental Processes and Management by : Prabhakar Shukla
Download or read book Environmental Processes and Management written by Prabhakar Shukla and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-01 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is Volume 2 which is published to complement "Environmental Processes and Management: Tools and Practices" (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-38152-3), 2020 This book provides an in-depth, well-researched and science-based approach to applying key project management and spatial tools and practices in environmental projects. This book is an important read for leaders considering projects that balance social–economic growth against minimizing its ill effects on Planet Earth. This book brings together several aspects of groundwater engineering, as well as the formula and analytical approaches required for more informed decision-making. It also highlights the vital importance of understanding the technological, economic and social dimensions of environmental studies explained through dynamic approaches and illustrative figures that have short-term results and long-term impacts. This book emphasizes on encouraging the modern and vibrant research works conducted by young researchers across the world. This book clearly details the general application of fundamental groundwater processes, the character of the different types of systems in which they occur and the way in which these factors influence process dynamics, environmental systems and their possible remedies. The book sets a possible recommendation for the professionalism with which environmental research should be planned, executed, monitored, assessed and delivered. While primarily intended for professionals responsible for the management of groundwater projects or interested in improving the overall efficiency of such projects, it is also useful for managers in the private, public and not-for-profit sectors. The book is a valuable resource for students at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In addition, this book serves as an indispensable guide for anyone willing to develop their skills in modern groundwater / environmental management and related techniques
Book Synopsis Hydrological Modelling and the Water Cycle by : Soroosh Sorooshian
Download or read book Hydrological Modelling and the Water Cycle written by Soroosh Sorooshian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-18 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of a selected number of articles based on presentations at the 2005 L’Aquila (Italy) Summer School on the topic of “Hydrologic Modeling and Water Cycle: Coupling of the Atmosphere and Hydrological Models”. The p- mary focus of this volume is on hydrologic modeling and their data requirements, especially precipitation. As the eld of hydrologic modeling is experiencing rapid development and transition to application of distributed models, many challenges including overcoming the requirements of compatible observations of inputs and outputs must be addressed. A number of papers address the recent advances in the State-of-the-art distributed precipitation estimation from satellites. A number of articles address the issues related to the data merging and use of geo-statistical techniques for addressing data limitations at spatial resolutions to capture the h- erogeneity of physical processes. The participants at the School came from diverse backgrounds and the level of - terest and active involvement in the discussions clearly demonstrated the importance the scienti c community places on challenges related to the coupling of atmospheric and hydrologic models. Along with my colleagues Dr. Erika Coppola and Dr. Kuolin Hsu, co-directors of the School, we greatly appreciate the invited lectures and all the participants. The members of the local organizing committee, Drs Barbara Tomassetti; Marco Verdecchia and Guido Visconti were instrumental in the success of the school and their contributions, both scienti cally and organizationally are much appreciated.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering by : John H. Cushman
Download or read book The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering written by John H. Cushman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition adds several new chapters and is thoroughly updated to include data on new topics such as hydraulic fracturing, CO2 sequestration, sustainable groundwater management, and more. Providing a complete treatment of the theory and practice of groundwater engineering, this new handbook also presents a current and detailed review of how to model the flow of water and the transport of contaminants both in the unsaturated and saturated zones, covers the protection of groundwater, and the remediation of contaminated groundwater.
Book Synopsis Environmental Modelling by : Keith Beven
Download or read book Environmental Modelling written by Keith Beven and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainty in the predictions of science when applied to the environment is an issue of great current relevance in relation to the impacts of climate change, protecting against natural and man-made disasters, pollutant transport and sustainable resource management. However, it is often ignored both by scientists and decision makers, or interpreted as a conflict or disagreement between scientists. This is not necessarily the case, the scientists might well agree, but their predictions would still be uncertain and knowledge of that uncertainty might be important in decision making. Environmental Modelling: An Uncertain Future? introduces students, scientists and decision makers to: the different concepts and techniques of uncertainty estimation in environmental prediction the philosophical background to different concepts of uncertainty the constraint of uncertainties by the collection of observations and data assimilation in real-time forecasting techniques for decision making under uncertainty. This book will be relevant to environmental modellers, practitioners and decision makers in hydrology, hydraulics, ecology, meteorology and oceanography, geomorphology, geochemistry, soil science, pollutant transport and climate change. A companion website for the book can be found at www.uncertain-future.org.uk
