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Protective Factors Related To Community Violence Exposure
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Book Synopsis Psychosocial Outcomes and School-related Protective Factors in Urban Youth Exposed to Community Violence by : Kristy A. Ludwig
Download or read book Psychosocial Outcomes and School-related Protective Factors in Urban Youth Exposed to Community Violence written by Kristy A. Ludwig and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined the relation of two putative school-based protective factors--student identification with school and perceived teacher support--to psychosocial outcomes in a sample of urban youth exposed to community violence. Participants were 175 high school students ages 14-19 in grades 9-12 from a large urban school district. Primary research questions were threefold: 1) What is the relationship between exposure to violence and psychosocial outcomes? 2) What is the relationship between identification with school and teacher support and psychosocial outcomes? 3) Does identification with school and/or teacher support moderate the relationship between overall exposure to violence and psychosocial outcomes? Results indicated that exposure to violence was positively associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Additionally, identification with school and teacher support were related to higher hope and fewer psychological symptoms. Externalizing symptoms were more strongly related to exposure to violence for males and females than internalizing symptoms. Adolescents that reported higher identification with school and higher teacher support reported higher hope, regardless of the level of violence exposure. Results emphasize the importance of school factors, particularly feeling connected to and supported in school, in promoting hope and limiting psychological symptoms for youth exposed to community violence.
Book Synopsis Violence in Context by : Todd I. Herrenkohl
Download or read book Violence in Context written by Todd I. Herrenkohl and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by four leading violence researchers, this book takes a systemic view, offering a critical appraisal of research and theory that focuses on violence in youth, families, and communities.
Book Synopsis The Role of Social Skills in Protecting Against the Impact of Family and Community Violence on Youth Psychopathology by : Emily Christine Hockenberry
Download or read book The Role of Social Skills in Protecting Against the Impact of Family and Community Violence on Youth Psychopathology written by Emily Christine Hockenberry and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children and adolescents are exposed to family and community violence at high rates, and poly victimization is common. Further study is needed to assess the unique and additive effects of witnessing or directly experiencing violence in multiple contexts on psychopathology in urban youth of color. Additionally, analyzing the role of protective factors, such as social skills, in moderating the relation between violence exposure and psychopathology may aid in identifying unique and shared pathways by which different forms of interpersonal violence may impact mental health outcomes. This study sought to examine whether social skills (cooperation and assertion) moderated the relation between exposure to family and community violence and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a sample of 116 youth (ages 5-17) and their caregivers. A community sample was recruited for a study evaluating the effectiveness of a trauma-specific cognitive behavioral therapy for family violence for Black and Latino families. Participants completed self-report and parent-report questionnaires assessing demographic information, history of violence exposure, social skills, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that social skills moderated the effects of violence exposure on psychopathology such that youth with a history of exposure to community violence and high assertion were more likely to endorse higher levels of externalizing symptoms compared with community violence-exposed youth with moderate or low assertion scores or youth with no history of community violence. Additionally, a significant positive association between family violence exposure and internalizing symptoms was found. The implications of the unique and additive effects of family and community exposure on psychopathology in youth, as well as the role of social skills as a protective factor, are discussed.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309671035 Total Pages :317 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.
Book Synopsis Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence by : Patricia Russo
Download or read book Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence written by Patricia Russo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to trauma, including chronic community violence, during adolescence appears to impact youth's development and adaptive functioning in several domains. Community violence exposure is associated with both internalizing and externalizing difficulties as well attentional impairment, declines in academic achievement, impairment in typical development, and increased substance use. Consequently, treatment implications for adolescents exposed to community violence is a heightened area of concern and a topic that needs to be further investigated. This review begins by summarizing the risk and protective factors that may influence the impact of community violence exposure. The overall aim is to conduct a systematic review of evidence-based programs that have been implemented in the community to determine what specific aspects of these programs have shown to be effective, or ineffective, in treating externalizing and internalizing behaviors exhibited by adolescents exposed to community violence. This literature review closely examined eight articles (six programs) that assessed the impact of trauma, particularly community violence, on psychological well-being. Only articles that and females between the ages of 10 and 17 were reviewed. In addition, the article had to include at least one of the core characteristics of violence exposure: direct victimization or witnessing violence in the community as a risk factor for adolescent well-being. The programs were examined through study sample and design, type of intervention, and key findings on the effects of treatment on mental health symptoms following experience of community violence. All programs found significant improvements in symptoms related to posttraumatic stress, as each program was aimed at treating adolescents who have experienced a form of trauma. However, the specific types of posttraumatic stress symptoms that improved varied by programs. Programs that resulted in significant decreases in depression appeared to place a large emphasis on the cognitive and affect regulation components of therapy. Decreases in anxiety was associated with programs that placed a greater emphasis on implementing multiple ecological levels of intervention, including parent-child attunement and attachment. Results of the present review indicate that taking on a comprehensive and multi-tiered approach to reducing risk factors and enhancing protective factors appears, notably by targeting interventions to focus on the individual and family levels, helps address the generational impact of community violence.
Book Synopsis How Do Adolescents See Their Future? by : Jari-Erik Nurmi
Download or read book How Do Adolescents See Their Future? written by Jari-Erik Nurmi and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Children and Peace by : Nikola Balvin
Download or read book Children and Peace written by Nikola Balvin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book brings together discourse on children and peace from the 15th International Symposium on the Contributions of Psychology to Peace, covering issues pertinent to children and peace and approaches to making their world safer, fairer and more sustainable. The book is divided into nine sections that examine traditional themes (social construction and deconstruction of diversity, intergenerational transitions and memories of war, and multiculturalism), as well as contemporary issues such as Europe’s “migration crisis”, radicalization and violent extremism, and violence in families, schools and communities. Chapters contextualize each issue within specific social ecological frameworks in order to reflect on the multiplicity of influences that affect different outcomes and to discuss how the findings can be applied in different contexts. The volume also provides solutions and hope through its focus on youth empowerment and peacebuilding programs for children and families. This forward-thinking volume offers a multitude of views, approaches, and strategies for research and activism drawn from peace psychology scholars and United Nations researchers and practitioners. This book's multi-layered emphasis on context, structural determinants of peace and conflict, and use of research for action towards social cohesion for children and youth has not been brought together in other peace psychology literature to the same extent. Children and Peace: From Research to Action will be a useful resource for peace psychology academics and students, as well as social and developmental psychology academics and students, peace and development practitioners and activists, policy makers who need to make decisions about the matters covered in the book, child rights advocates and members of multilateral organizations such as the UN.
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :24 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Youth Violence by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Download or read book Youth Violence written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Multicultural Mental Health by : Freddy A. Paniagua
Download or read book Handbook of Multicultural Mental Health written by Freddy A. Paniagua and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-07-19 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Multicultural Mental Health, Second Edition, discusses the impact of cultural, ethnic, and racial variables for the assessment, diagnosis, treatment, service delivery, and development of skills for working with culturally diverse populations. Intended for the mental health practitioner, the book translates research findings into information to be applied in practice. The new edition contains more than 50% new material and includes contributions from established leaders in the field as well as voices from rising stars in the area. It recognizes diversity as extending beyond race and ethnicity to reflect characteristics or experiences related to gender, age, religion, disability, and socioeconomic status. Individuals are viewed as complex and shaped by different intersections and saliencies of multiple elements of diversity. Chapters have been wholly revised and updated, and new coverage includes indigenous approaches to assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental and physical disorders; spirituality; the therapeutic needs of culturally diverse clients with intellectual, developmental, and physical disabilities; suicide among racial and ethnic groups; multicultural considerations for treatment of military personnel and multicultural curriculum and training. - Foundations-overview of theory and models - Specialized assessment in a multicultural context - Assessing and treating four major culturally diverse groups in clinical settings - Assessing and treating other culturally diverse groups in clinical settings - Specific conditions/presenting problems in a cultural context - Multicultural competence in clinical settings
Book Synopsis Reactions of Adolescents to Chronic Community Violence Exposure and Protective Factors of Resilence by : Martha A. Trueheart
Download or read book Reactions of Adolescents to Chronic Community Violence Exposure and Protective Factors of Resilence written by Martha A. Trueheart and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure and Adjstment in Urban Children by : Jazmin Reyes
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure and Adjstment in Urban Children written by Jazmin Reyes and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The identification of protective factors that might modify the negative effects of community violence (CV) is key for prevention efforts and the promotion of resilience among at-risk children and adolescents. The present study examined the relation between direct exposure to CV and children's social skills, externalizing and internalizing behavior problems, and academic competence in a sample of 125 African-American and Latino fifth-grade children across a nine month period. Of particular interest was the potential moderating or protective effect of positive school experiences and perceived peer acceptance in these relations. Results revealed that most children were victims of CV, with victimization status remaining relatively stable across the two time points. CV exposure was significantly associated with increased internalizing problems and decreased academic competence initially and with decreased social skills and increased externalizing problems across time. With the exception of social skills, these effects were the same for boys and girls and African-American and Latino children. Overall, analyses found no buffers of the effects of CV exposure on social skills, internalizing problems, and academic competence, but provided some evidence that being helped by other students and having a high total number of positive school experiences may help protect children from the adverse effect of CV on externalizing problems. Implications of the impact of CV exposure, as well as the moderating effects found are discussed.
Book Synopsis Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding of how to reduce risk factors for mental disorders has expanded remarkably as a result of recent scientific advances. This study, mandated by Congress, reviews those advances in the context of current research and provides a targeted definition of prevention and a conceptual framework that emphasizes risk reduction. Highlighting opportunities for and barriers to interventions, the book draws on successful models for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, injuries, and smoking. In addition, it reviews the risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse and dependence, depressive disorders, and conduct disorders and evaluates current illustrative prevention programs. The models and examination provide a framework for the design, application, and evaluation of interventions intended to prevent mental disorders and the transfer of knowledge about prevention from research to clinical practice. The book presents a focused research agenda, with recommendations on how to develop effective intervention programs, create a cadre of prevention researchers, and improve coordination among federal agencies.
Book Synopsis The Relationships Between Exposure to Community Violence, Academic Performance, Behavioral Functioning and Protective Factors in Urban Youth by : Stacy A. Gahan
Download or read book The Relationships Between Exposure to Community Violence, Academic Performance, Behavioral Functioning and Protective Factors in Urban Youth written by Stacy A. Gahan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-09-08 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to growing national concern about the number of veterans who might be at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of their military service, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to conduct a study on the diagnosis and assessment of, and treatment and compensation for PTSD. An existing IOM committee, the Committee on Gulf War and Health: Physiologic, Psychologic and Psychosocial Effects of Deployment-Related Stress, was asked to conduct the diagnosis, assessment, and treatment aspects of the study because its expertise was well-suited to the task. The committee was specifically tasked to review the scientific and medical literature related to the diagnosis and assessment of PTSD, and to review PTSD treatments (including psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy) and their efficacy. In addition, the committee was given a series of specific questions from VA regarding diagnosis, assessment, treatment, and compensation. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a brief elaboration of the committee's responses to VA's questions, not a detailed discussion of the procedures and tools that might be used in the diagnosis and assessment of PTSD. The committee decided to approach its task by separating diagnosis and assessment from treatment and preparing two reports. This first report focuses on diagnosis and assessment of PTSD. Given VA's request for the report to be completed within 6 months, the committee elected to rely primarily on reviews and other well-documented sources. A second report of this committee will focus on treatment for PTSD; it will be issued in December 2006. A separate committee, the Committee on Veterans' Compensation for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, has been established to conduct the compensation study; its report is expected to be issued in December 2006.
Book Synopsis Juvenile Delinquency by : Kirk Heilbrun
Download or read book Juvenile Delinquency written by Kirk Heilbrun and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-03-17 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizing the evidence available on juvenile delinquency prevention, assessment and intervention, this work surveys critical issues in understanding and treating delinquency and anti-social behaviour.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Exposure to Community Violence on Urban Adolescents by : Steven Edward Bruce
Download or read book The Effect of Exposure to Community Violence on Urban Adolescents written by Steven Edward Bruce and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Community Programs to Promote Youth Development by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Community Programs to Promote Youth Development written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-02-12 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After-school programs, scout groups, community service activities, religious youth groups, and other community-based activities have long been thought to play a key role in the lives of adolescents. But what do we know about the role of such programs for today's adolescents? How can we ensure that programs are designed to successfully meet young people's developmental needs and help them become healthy, happy, and productive adults? Community Programs to Promote Youth Development explores these questions, focusing on essential elements of adolescent well-being and healthy development. It offers recommendations for policy, practice, and research to ensure that programs are well designed to meet young people's developmental needs. The book also discusses the features of programs that can contribute to a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. It examines what we know about the current landscape of youth development programs for America's youth, as well as how these programs are meeting their diverse needs. Recognizing the importance of adolescence as a period of transition to adulthood, Community Programs to Promote Youth Development offers authoritative guidance to policy makers, practitioners, researchers, and other key stakeholders on the role of youth development programs to promote the healthy development and well-being of the nation's youth.
