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Proofs Theories
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Download or read book Proofs & Theories written by Louise Gluck and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature Proofs and Theories, winner of the PEN/Martha Albrand Award for First Non-Fiction, is an illuminating collection of essays by Louise Glück, one of this country's most brilliant poets. Like her poems, the prose of Glück, who won the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1993 for The Wild Iris, is compressed, fastidious, fierce, alert, and absolutely unconsoled. The force of her thought is evident everywhere in these essays, from her explorations of other poets' work to her skeptical contemplation of current literary critical notions such as "sincerity" and "courage." Here also are Glück's revealing reflections on her own education and life as a poet, and a tribute to her teacher and mentor, Stanley Kunitz. Proofs and Theories is not a casual collection. It is the testament of a major poet.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Proof Theory by : Paolo Mancosu
Download or read book An Introduction to Proof Theory written by Paolo Mancosu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Proof Theory provides an accessible introduction to the theory of proofs, with details of proofs worked out and examples and exercises to aid the reader's understanding. It also serves as a companion to reading the original pathbreaking articles by Gerhard Gentzen. The first half covers topics in structural proof theory, including the Gödel-Gentzen translation of classical into intuitionistic logic (and arithmetic), natural deduction and the normalization theorems (for both NJ and NK), the sequent calculus, including cut-elimination and mid-sequent theorems, and various applications of these results. The second half examines ordinal proof theory, specifically Gentzen's consistency proof for first-order Peano Arithmetic. The theory of ordinal notations and other elements of ordinal theory are developed from scratch, and no knowledge of set theory is presumed. The proof methods needed to establish proof-theoretic results, especially proof by induction, are introduced in stages throughout the text. Mancosu, Galvan, and Zach's introduction will provide a solid foundation for those looking to understand this central area of mathematical logic and the philosophy of mathematics.
Download or read book Proof Theory written by Wolfram Pohlers and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-06-10 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although this is an introductory text on proof theory, most of its contents is not found in a unified form elsewhere in the literature, except at a very advanced level. The heart of the book is the ordinal analysis of axiom systems, with particular emphasis on that of the impredicative theory of elementary inductive definitions on the natural numbers. The "constructive" consequences of ordinal analysis are sketched out in the epilogue. The book provides a self-contained treatment assuming no prior knowledge of proof theory and almost none of logic. The author has, moreover, endeavoured not to use the "cabal language" of proof theory, but only a language familiar to most readers.
Book Synopsis Applied Proof Theory: Proof Interpretations and their Use in Mathematics by : Ulrich Kohlenbach
Download or read book Applied Proof Theory: Proof Interpretations and their Use in Mathematics written by Ulrich Kohlenbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-23 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first treatment in book format of proof-theoretic transformations - known as proof interpretations - that focuses on applications to ordinary mathematics. It covers both the necessary logical machinery behind the proof interpretations that are used in recent applications as well as – via extended case studies – carrying out some of these applications in full detail. This subject has historical roots in the 1950s. This book for the first time tells the whole story.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Proof Theory by : S.R. Buss
Download or read book Handbook of Proof Theory written by S.R. Buss and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-07-09 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains articles covering a broad spectrum of proof theory, with an emphasis on its mathematical aspects. The articles should not only be interesting to specialists of proof theory, but should also be accessible to a diverse audience, including logicians, mathematicians, computer scientists and philosophers. Many of the central topics of proof theory have been included in a self-contained expository of articles, covered in great detail and depth. The chapters are arranged so that the two introductory articles come first; these are then followed by articles from core classical areas of proof theory; the handbook concludes with articles that deal with topics closely related to computer science.
Book Synopsis Lectures on the Curry-Howard Isomorphism by : Morten Heine Sørensen
Download or read book Lectures on the Curry-Howard Isomorphism written by Morten Heine Sørensen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-07-04 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Curry-Howard isomorphism states an amazing correspondence between systems of formal logic as encountered in proof theory and computational calculi as found in type theory. For instance, minimal propositional logic corresponds to simply typed lambda-calculus, first-order logic corresponds to dependent types, second-order logic corresponds to polymorphic types, sequent calculus is related to explicit substitution, etc. The isomorphism has many aspects, even at the syntactic level: formulas correspond to types, proofs correspond to terms, provability corresponds to inhabitation, proof normalization corresponds to term reduction, etc. But there is more to the isomorphism than this. For instance, it is an old idea---due to Brouwer, Kolmogorov, and Heyting---that a constructive proof of an implication is a procedure that transforms proofs of the antecedent into proofs of the succedent; the Curry-Howard isomorphism gives syntactic representations of such procedures. The Curry-Howard isomorphism also provides theoretical foundations for many modern proof-assistant systems (e.g. Coq). This book give an introduction to parts of proof theory and related aspects of type theory relevant for the Curry-Howard isomorphism. It can serve as an introduction to any or both of typed lambda-calculus and intuitionistic logic. Key features - The Curry-Howard Isomorphism treated as common theme - Reader-friendly introduction to two complementary subjects: Lambda-calculus and constructive logics - Thorough study of the connection between calculi and logics - Elaborate study of classical logics and control operators - Account of dialogue games for classical and intuitionistic logic - Theoretical foundations of computer-assisted reasoning · The Curry-Howard Isomorphism treated as the common theme. · Reader-friendly introduction to two complementary subjects: lambda-calculus and constructive logics · Thorough study of the connection between calculi and logics. · Elaborate study of classical logics and control operators. · Account of dialogue games for classical and intuitionistic logic. · Theoretical foundations of computer-assisted reasoning
Download or read book Proof Theory written by Gaisi Takeuti and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive monograph presents a detailed overview of creative works by the author and other 20th-century logicians that includes applications of proof theory to logic as well as other areas of mathematics. 1975 edition.
Book Synopsis Structural Proof Theory by : Sara Negri
Download or read book Structural Proof Theory written by Sara Negri and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise introduction to structural proof theory, a branch of logic studying the general structure of logical and mathematical proofs.
Download or read book Proof Theory written by K. Schütte and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was originally intended to be the second edition of the book "Beweis theorie" (Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, Band 103, Springer 1960), but in fact has been completely rewritten. As well as classical predicate logic we also treat intuitionistic predicate logic. The sentential calculus properties of classical formal and semiformal systems are treated using positive and negative parts of formulas as in the book "Beweistheorie". In a similar way we use right and left parts of formulas for intuitionistic predicate logic. We introduce the theory of functionals of finite types in order to present the Gi:idel interpretation of pure number theory. Instead of ramified type theory, type-free logic and the associated formalization of parts of analysis which we treated in the book "Beweistheorie", we have developed simple classical type theory and predicative analysis in a systematic way. Finally we have given consistency proofs for systems of lI~-analysis following the work of G. Takeuti. In order to do this we have introduced a constni'ctive system of notation for ordinals which goes far beyond the notation system in "Beweistheorie."
Download or read book Proof Theory written by Wolfram Pohlers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kernel of this book consists of a series of lectures on in?nitary proof theory which I gave during my time at the Westfalische ̈ Wilhelms–Universitat ̈ in Munster ̈ . It was planned as a successor of Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics 1407. H- ever, when preparing it, I decided to also include material which has not been treated in SLN 1407. Since the appearance of SLN 1407 many innovations in the area of - dinal analysis have taken place. Just to mention those of them which are addressed in this book: Buchholz simpli?ed local predicativity by the invention of operator controlled derivations (cf. Chapter 9, Chapter 11); Weiermann detected applications of methods of impredicative proof theory to the characterization of the provable recursive functions of predicative theories (cf. Chapter 10); Beckmann improved Gentzen’s boundedness theorem (which appears as Stage Theorem (Theorem 6. 6. 1) in this book) to Theorem 6. 6. 9, a theorem which is very satisfying in itself - though its real importance lies in the ordinal analysis of systems, weaker than those treated here. Besides these innovations I also decided to include the analysis of the theory (? –REF) as an example of a subtheory of set theory whose ordinal analysis only 2 0 requires a ?rst step into impredicativity. The ordinal analysis of(? –FXP) of non- 0 1 0 monotone? –de?nable inductive de?nitions in Chapter 13 is an application of the 1 analysis of(? –REF).
Book Synopsis Proof Theory for Fuzzy Logics by : George Metcalfe
Download or read book Proof Theory for Fuzzy Logics written by George Metcalfe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-27 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuzzy logics are many-valued logics that are well suited to reasoning in the context of vagueness. They provide the basis for the wider field of Fuzzy Logic, encompassing diverse areas such as fuzzy control, fuzzy databases, and fuzzy mathematics. This book provides an accessible and up-to-date introduction to this fast-growing and increasingly popular area. It focuses in particular on the development and applications of "proof-theoretic" presentations of fuzzy logics; the result of more than ten years of intensive work by researchers in the area, including the authors. In addition to providing alternative elegant presentations of fuzzy logics, proof-theoretic methods are useful for addressing theoretical problems (including key standard completeness results) and developing efficient deduction and decision algorithms. Proof-theoretic presentations also place fuzzy logics in the broader landscape of non-classical logics, revealing deep relations with other logics studied in Computer Science, Mathematics, and Philosophy. The book builds methodically from the semantic origins of fuzzy logics to proof-theoretic presentations such as Hilbert and Gentzen systems, introducing both theoretical and practical applications of these presentations.
Book Synopsis Hybrid Logic and its Proof-Theory by : Torben Braüner
Download or read book Hybrid Logic and its Proof-Theory written by Torben Braüner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-17 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book-length treatment of hybrid logic and its proof-theory. Hybrid logic is an extension of ordinary modal logic which allows explicit reference to individual points in a model (where the points represent times, possible worlds, states in a computer, or something else). This is useful for many applications, for example when reasoning about time one often wants to formulate a series of statements about what happens at specific times. There is little consensus about proof-theory for ordinary modal logic. Many modal-logical proof systems lack important properties and the relationships between proof systems for different modal logics are often unclear. In the present book we demonstrate that hybrid-logical proof-theory remedies these deficiencies by giving a spectrum of well-behaved proof systems (natural deduction, Gentzen, tableau, and axiom systems) for a spectrum of different hybrid logics (propositional, first-order, intensional first-order, and intuitionistic).
Book Synopsis Ordinal Analysis with an Introduction to Proof Theory by : Toshiyasu Arai
Download or read book Ordinal Analysis with an Introduction to Proof Theory written by Toshiyasu Arai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with a guide to both ordinal analysis, and to proof theory. It mainly focuses on ordinal analysis, a research topic in proof theory that is concerned with the ordinal theoretic content of formal theories. However, the book also addresses ordinal analysis and basic materials in proof theory of first-order or omega logic, presenting some new results and new proofs of known ones.Primarily intended for graduate students and researchers in mathematics, especially in mathematical logic, the book also includes numerous exercises and answers for selected exercises, designed to help readers grasp and apply the main results and techniques discussed.
Book Synopsis Proof Theory of Modal Logic by : Heinrich Wansing
Download or read book Proof Theory of Modal Logic written by Heinrich Wansing and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proof Theory of Modal Logic is devoted to a thorough study of proof systems for modal logics, that is, logics of necessity, possibility, knowledge, belief, time, computations etc. It contains many new technical results and presentations of novel proof procedures. The volume is of immense importance for the interdisciplinary fields of logic, knowledge representation, and automated deduction.
Book Synopsis Basic Proof Theory by : A. S. Troelstra
Download or read book Basic Proof Theory written by A. S. Troelstra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-07-27 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to proof theory and its applications in mathematical logic, theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence.
Book Synopsis The Semantics and Proof Theory of the Logic of Bunched Implications by : David J. Pym
Download or read book The Semantics and Proof Theory of the Logic of Bunched Implications written by David J. Pym and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a monograph about logic. Specifically, it presents the mathe matical theory of the logic of bunched implications, BI: I consider Bl's proof theory, model theory and computation theory. However, the mono graph is also about informatics in a sense which I explain. Specifically, it is about mathematical models of resources and logics for reasoning about resources. I begin with an introduction which presents my (background) view of logic from the point of view of informatics, paying particular attention to three logical topics which have arisen from the development of logic within informatics: • Resources as a basis for semantics; • Proof-search as a basis for reasoning; and • The theory of representation of object-logics in a meta-logic. The ensuing development represents a logical theory which draws upon the mathematical, philosophical and computational aspects of logic. Part I presents the logical theory of propositional BI, together with a computational interpretation. Part II presents a corresponding devel opment for predicate BI. In both parts, I develop proof-, model- and type-theoretic analyses. I also provide semantically-motivated compu tational perspectives, so beginning a mathematical theory of resources. I have not included any analysis, beyond conjecture, of properties such as decidability, finite models, games or complexity. I prefer to leave these matters to other occasions, perhaps in broader contexts.
Book Synopsis Mathematical Problems and Proofs by : Branislav Kisacanin
Download or read book Mathematical Problems and Proofs written by Branislav Kisacanin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A gentle introduction to the highly sophisticated world of discrete mathematics, Mathematical Problems and Proofs presents topics ranging from elementary definitions and theorems to advanced topics -- such as cardinal numbers, generating functions, properties of Fibonacci numbers, and Euclidean algorithm. This excellent primer illustrates more than 150 solutions and proofs, thoroughly explained in clear language. The generous historical references and anecdotes interspersed throughout the text create interesting intermissions that will fuel readers' eagerness to inquire further about the topics and some of our greatest mathematicians. The author guides readers through the process of solving enigmatic proofs and problems, and assists them in making the transition from problem solving to theorem proving. At once a requisite text and an enjoyable read, Mathematical Problems and Proofs is an excellent entrée to discrete mathematics for advanced students interested in mathematics, engineering, and science.
