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Proofs Arguments And Zero Knowledge
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Book Synopsis Proofs, Arguments, and Zero-Knowledge by : Justin Thaler
Download or read book Proofs, Arguments, and Zero-Knowledge written by Justin Thaler and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is about verifiable computing (VC). VC refers to cryptographic protocols called interactive proofs (IPs) and arguments that enable a prover to provide a guarantee to a verifier that the prover performed a requested computation correctly. This monograph covers different notions of mathematical proofs and their applications in computer science and cryptography. Informally, what we mean by a proof is anything that convinces someone that a statement is true, and a "proof system" is any procedure that decides what is and is not a convincing proof.Introduced in the 1980s, IPs and arguments represented a major conceptual expansion of what constitutes a "proof" that a statement is true. Traditionally, a proof is a static object that can be easily checked step-by-step for correctness. In contrast, IPs allow for interaction between prover and verifier, as well as a tiny but nonzero probability that an invalid proof passes verification. Arguments (but not IPs) even permit there to be "proofs" of false statements, so long as those "proofs" require exorbitant computational power to find. To an extent, these notions mimic in-person interactions that mathematicians use to convince each other that a claim is true, without going through the painstaking process of writing out and checking a traditional static proof.Celebrated theoretical results from the 1980s and 1990s, such as IP = PSPACE and MIP = NEXP showed that, in principle, surprisingly complicated statements can be verified efficiently. What is more, any argument can in principle be transformed into one that is zero-knowledge, which means that proofs reveal no information other than their own validity. Zero-knowledge arguments have a myriad of applications in cryptography.Within the last decade, general-purpose zero-knowledge arguments have made the jump from theory to practice. This has opened new doors in the design of cryptographic systems, and generated additional insights into the power of IPs and arguments (zero-knowledge or otherwise). There are now no fewer than five promising approaches to designing efficient, general-purpose zero-knowledge arguments. This monograph covers these approaches in a unified manner, emphasizing commonalities between them.
Book Synopsis Bringing Zero-Knowledge Proofs of Knowledge to Practice by : Stephan Krenn
Download or read book Bringing Zero-Knowledge Proofs of Knowledge to Practice written by Stephan Krenn and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A zero-knowledge proof of knowledge allows one party to convince another party that it knows a secret piece of information without revealing anything about it. Such protocols are important building blocks for many interesting higher-level cryptographic applications, such as e-voting and e-cash systems, digital signature and identification schemes, or anonymous credential systems. Unfortunately, their high computational costs, as well as long and error-prone implementation cycles, are major hurdles on their way to real-world usage. This thesis contributes to overcoming these restrictions. On the practical side, we introduce a compiler which automatically translates natural specifications of zero-knowledge proofs into concrete implementations. In addition, it generates formal proofs that the generated protocols are indeed sound. On the theoretical side, we analyze inherent efficiency limitations of igma-protocols, proving the optimality of currently known protocols. Finally, we consider zero-knowledge proofs in the Universal Composability framework. By enabling UC-compliant proofs of existence for the first time, we are able to decrease the computational complexity of many practically relevant UC-secure zero-knowledge protocols to an acceptable level.
Book Synopsis Concurrent Zero-Knowledge by : Alon Rosen
Download or read book Concurrent Zero-Knowledge written by Alon Rosen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-16 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protocols that remain zero-knowledge when many instances are executed concurrently are called concurrent zero-knowledge, and this book is devoted to their study. The book presents constructions of concurrent zero-knowledge protocols, along with proofs of security. It also shows why "traditional" proof techniques (i.e., black-box simulation) are not suitable for establishing the concurrent zero-knowledge property of "message-efficient" protocols.
Book Synopsis Linear Zero-knowledge by : Ivan Bjerre Damgård
Download or read book Linear Zero-knowledge written by Ivan Bjerre Damgård and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology -- ASIACRYPT 2012 by : Xiaoyun Wang
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology -- ASIACRYPT 2012 written by Xiaoyun Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-19 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, Asiacrypt 2012, held in Beijing, China, in December 2012. The 43 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 241 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: public-key cryptography, foundation, symmetric cipher, security proof, lattice-based cryptography and number theory, hash function, cryptographic protocol, and implementation issues.
Book Synopsis A Study of Statistical Zero-Knowledge Proofs by : Salil P. Vadhan
Download or read book A Study of Statistical Zero-Knowledge Proofs written by Salil P. Vadhan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-12 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zero-knowledge interactive proofs play a central role in the design and study of cryptographic protocols and are rich objects for complexity-theoretic study. Statistical zero-knowledge (SZK) proofs achieve strong information-theoretic "security", and can provide a clean test bed for the study of more general notions that incorporate computational security. This monograph is a revised and extended version of the author's PhD thesis, the winning thesis of the 2000 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Competition. It is a comprehensive investigation of statistical zero-knowledge (SZK) proofs. It begins by showing that SZK has two natural complete problems, and then uses these complete problems to address a wide variety of fundamental questions about SZK. It also includes a chapter that surveys recent developments in the area, in particular how the results and techniques of this thesis have been extended to computational zero-knowledge proofs and arguments. The presentation offers clarity and intuition, assuming only a basic background in computational complexity and cryptography, and thus the book can bring a graduate student or a researcher in a related area up to date on this topic. At the same time, it includes clear statements of numerous open problems and research directions, which are likely to interest experts in the area.
Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology - Crypto 2013 by : Ran Canetti
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology - Crypto 2013 written by Ran Canetti and published by . This book was released on 2013-08-25 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Theory of Cryptography by : Shai Halevi
Download or read book Theory of Cryptography written by Shai Halevi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-03-01 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third Theory of Cryptography Conference, TCC 2006, held in March 2006. The 31 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on zero-knowledge, primitives, assumptions and models, the bounded-retrieval model, privacy, secret sharing and multi-party computation, universally-composible security, one-way functions and friends, and pseudo-random functions and encryption.
Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2001 by : Joe Kilian
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2001 written by Joe Kilian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-05-15 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crypto 2001, the 21st Annual Crypto conference, was sponsored by the Int- national Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR) in cooperation with the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Security and Privacy and the Computer Science Department of the University of California at Santa Barbara. The conference received 156 submissions, of which the program committee selected 34 for presentation; one was later withdrawn. These proceedings contain the revised versions of the 33 submissions that were presented at the conference. These revisions have not been checked for correctness, and the authors bear full responsibility for the contents of their papers. The conference program included two invited lectures. Mark Sherwin spoke on, \Quantum information processing in semiconductors: an experimentalist’s view." Daniel Weitzner spoke on, \Privacy, Authentication & Identity: A recent history of cryptographic struggles for freedom." The conference program also included its perennial \rump session," chaired by Stuart Haber, featuring short, informal talks on late{breaking research news. As I try to account for the hours of my life that ?ew o to oblivion, I realize that most of my time was spent cajoling talented innocents into spending even more time on my behalf. I have accumulated more debts than I can ever hope to repay. As mere statements of thanks are certainly insu cient, consider the rest of this preface my version of Chapter 11.
Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO ’91 by : Joan Feigenbaum
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO ’91 written by Joan Feigenbaum and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-30 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crypto '91 was the eleventh in a series of workshops on cryptology sponsoredby the International Association for Cryptologic Research and was held in Santa Barbara, California, in August 1991. This volume contains a full paper or an extended abstract for each of the 39 talks presented at the workshop. All theoretical and practical aspects of cryptology are represented, including: protocol design and analysis, combinatorics and authentication, secret sharing and information theory, cryptanalysis, complexity theory, cryptographic schemas based on number theory, pseudorandomness, applications and implementations, viruses, public-key cryptosystems, and digital signatures.
Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2009 by : Shai Halevi
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2009 written by Shai Halevi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-07-28 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 29th Annual International Cryptology Conference, CRYPTO 2009, held in Santa Barbara, CA, USA in August 2009. The 38 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 213 submissions. Addressing all current foundational, theoretical and research aspects of cryptology, cryptography, and cryptanalysis as well as advanced applications, the papers are organized in topical sections on key leakage, hash-function cryptanalysis, privacy and anonymity, interactive proofs and zero-knowledge, block-cipher cryptanalysis, modes of operation, elliptic curves, cryptographic hardness, merkle puzzles, cryptography in the physical world, attacks on signature schemes, secret sharing and secure computation, cryptography and game-theory, cryptography and lattices, identity-based encryption and cryptographers’ toolbox.
Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2008 by : Nigel Smart
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2008 written by Nigel Smart and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-04-05 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here are the refereed proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, EUROCRYPT 2008. The 31 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 163 submissions.
Book Synopsis Public-Key Cryptography -- PKC 2013 by : Kaoru Kurosawa
Download or read book Public-Key Cryptography -- PKC 2013 written by Kaoru Kurosawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-02-05 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Practice and Theory in Public-Key Cryptography, PKC 2013, held in Nara, Japan, in February/March 2013. The 28 papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: homomorphic encryption, primitives, functional encryption/signatures, RSA, IBE and IPE, key exchange, signature schemes, encryption, and protocols.
Book Synopsis Real-World Cryptography by : David Wong
Download or read book Real-World Cryptography written by David Wong and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A staggeringly comprehensive review of the state of modern cryptography. Essential for anyone getting up to speed in information security." - Thomas Doylend, Green Rocket Security An all-practical guide to the cryptography behind common tools and protocols that will help you make excellent security choices for your systems and applications. In Real-World Cryptography, you will find: Best practices for using cryptography Diagrams and explanations of cryptographic algorithms Implementing digital signatures and zero-knowledge proofs Specialized hardware for attacks and highly adversarial environments Identifying and fixing bad practices Choosing the right cryptographic tool for any problem Real-World Cryptography reveals the cryptographic techniques that drive the security of web APIs, registering and logging in users, and even the blockchain. You’ll learn how these techniques power modern security, and how to apply them to your own projects. Alongside modern methods, the book also anticipates the future of cryptography, diving into emerging and cutting-edge advances such as cryptocurrencies, and post-quantum cryptography. All techniques are fully illustrated with diagrams and examples so you can easily see how to put them into practice. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the technology Cryptography is the essential foundation of IT security. To stay ahead of the bad actors attacking your systems, you need to understand the tools, frameworks, and protocols that protect your networks and applications. This book introduces authentication, encryption, signatures, secret-keeping, and other cryptography concepts in plain language and beautiful illustrations. About the book Real-World Cryptography teaches practical techniques for day-to-day work as a developer, sysadmin, or security practitioner. There’s no complex math or jargon: Modern cryptography methods are explored through clever graphics and real-world use cases. You’ll learn building blocks like hash functions and signatures; cryptographic protocols like HTTPS and secure messaging; and cutting-edge advances like post-quantum cryptography and cryptocurrencies. This book is a joy to read—and it might just save your bacon the next time you’re targeted by an adversary after your data. What's inside Implementing digital signatures and zero-knowledge proofs Specialized hardware for attacks and highly adversarial environments Identifying and fixing bad practices Choosing the right cryptographic tool for any problem About the reader For cryptography beginners with no previous experience in the field. About the author David Wong is a cryptography engineer. He is an active contributor to internet standards including Transport Layer Security. Table of Contents PART 1 PRIMITIVES: THE INGREDIENTS OF CRYPTOGRAPHY 1 Introduction 2 Hash functions 3 Message authentication codes 4 Authenticated encryption 5 Key exchanges 6 Asymmetric encryption and hybrid encryption 7 Signatures and zero-knowledge proofs 8 Randomness and secrets PART 2 PROTOCOLS: THE RECIPES OF CRYPTOGRAPHY 9 Secure transport 10 End-to-end encryption 11 User authentication 12 Crypto as in cryptocurrency? 13 Hardware cryptography 14 Post-quantum cryptography 15 Is this it? Next-generation cryptography 16 When and where cryptography fails
Book Synopsis Efficient Zero-knowledge Proofs and Applications by : Ryan Henry
Download or read book Efficient Zero-knowledge Proofs and Applications written by Ryan Henry and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zero-knowledge proofs provide a means for a prover to convince a verifier that some claim is true and nothing more. The ability to prove statements while conveying zero information beyond their veracity has profound implications for cryptography and, especially, for its applicability to privacy-enhancing technologies. Unfortunately, the most common zero-knowledge techniques in the literature suffer from poor scalability, which limits their usefulness in many otherwise promising applications. This dissertation addresses the problem of designing communication- and computation-efficient protocols for zero-knowledge proofs and arguments of propositions that comprise many "simple" predicates. In particular, we propose a new formal model in which to analyze batch zero-knowledge protocols and perform the first systematic study of systems for batch zero-knowledge proofs and arguments of knowledge. In the course of this study, we suggest a general construction for batch zero-knowledge proof systems and use it to realize several new protocols suitable for proving knowledge of and relationships among large batches of discrete logarithm (DL) representations in prime-order groups. Our new protocols improve on existing protocols in several ways; for example, among the new protocols is one with lower asymptotic computation cost than any other such system in the literature. We also tackle the problem of constructing batch proofs of partial knowledge, proposing new protocols to prove knowledge of a DL that is equal to at least k-out-of-n other DLs, at most k-out-of-n other DLs, or exactly k-out-of-n other DLs. These constructions are particularly interesting as they prove some propositions that appear difficult to prove using existing techniques, even when efficiency is not a primary consideration. We illustrate the applicability of our new techniques by using them to construct efficient protocols for anonymous blacklisting and reputation systems.
Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology - ASIACRYPT 2010 by : Masayuki Abe
Download or read book Advances in Cryptology - ASIACRYPT 2010 written by Masayuki Abe and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cryptography written by William Buchanan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryptography has proven to be one of the most contentious areas in modern society. For some it protects the rights of individuals to privacy and security, while for others it puts up barriers against the protection of our society. This book aims to develop a deep understanding of cryptography, and provide a way of understanding how privacy, identity provision and integrity can be enhanced with the usage of encryption. The book has many novel features including:full provision of Web-based material on almost every topic coveredprovision of additional on-line material, such as videos, source code, and labscoverage of emerging areas such as Blockchain, Light-weight Cryptography and Zero-knowledge Proofs (ZKPs)Key areas covered include:Fundamentals of EncryptionPublic Key EncryptionSymmetric Key EncryptionHashing MethodsKey Exchange MethodsDigital Certificates and AuthenticationTunnelingCrypto CrackingLight-weight CryptographyBlockchainZero-knowledge ProofsThis book provides extensive support through the associated website of: http://asecuritysite.com/encryption
